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El. knyga: Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Microorganisms: Concepts and Controversies: Volume 2

Edited by (Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahab), Edited by , Edited by (Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), Edited by , Edited by (Amity University Uttar Pradesh)
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 14-Sep-2018
  • Leidėjas: Academic Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128116456
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Microorganisms: Concepts and Controversies: Volume 2Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 14-Sep-2018
  • Leidėjas: Academic Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128116456
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Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Micro-organisms: Concepts and Controversies: Volume 1 covers all the new technologies used in the synthesis of nanoparticles and then tests their response on plants, algae, and micro-organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Unlike most works in the field, the book doesn’t focus exclusively on the higher organisms; instead, it explores the smaller life forms on which they feed. Topics include the impacts of plant development, how different nanoparticles are absorbed by biota, the impact different metals—including silver and rare earth metals—have on living organisms, as well as the effects nanoparticles can have on aquatic ecosystems as a whole.

Nanotechnology based products have become a trillion-dollar industry and a vast amount of related matter has been and continues to be released into the environment in a relatively short amount of time. There is a need to understand what the implications to the health of our biota and ecosystems are as the earth is increasingly inundated with these materials. Not all of the effects are negative, but their impacts are increasing exponentially due to their size, quantity, and other factors.

  • Covers the issues of nanoparticles on more simple organisms and their ecosystems
  • Draws upon global experts to help increase understanding of the interface mechanisms at the physiological, biochemical, molecular, and even genomic and proteomic level between ENPs and biological systems
  • Provides a critical assessment of the progress taking place on this topic
  • Sheds light on future research needs and also some of the scientific challenges that still exist in nanoparticle and living organism interactions

Daugiau informacijos

Explores new technologies used in synthesizing nanoparticles, including testing their response on plants, algae, and micro-organisms in aquatic ecosystems
List of Contributors xvii
Chapter 1 Phytotoxic Properties of Zinc and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles in Algaes 1(22)
Abhishek Sharan
Seema Nara
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Production and Applications of ZNO and CoO Nanoparticles
2(2)
1.3 Methods to Assess Toxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Algae
4(2)
1.3.1 Damage to Cell Wall Integrity
4(1)
1.3.2 Oxidative Damage
5(1)
1.4 Factors Influencing Phytotoxicity of ZNO and CoO Nanoparticles
6(3)
1.4.1 Physicochemical Characteristics of Nanomaterials
7(1)
1.4.2 Processes Affecting Stability of Nanoparticles and Toxicity
7(2)
1.4.3 Environmental Factors
9(1)
1.5 Toxicity of Zinc and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles: Possible Mechanisms
9(5)
1.5.1 Dissolution
10(1)
1.5.2 Aggregation
10(1)
1.5.3 Adsorption
11(1)
1.5.4 Interaction, Entry, and Toxic Impact
12(1)
1.5.5 Photo-Induced Toxicity
13(1)
1.6 Toxicity of CoO Nanoparticles
14(1)
1.7 Future Research Directions
15(1)
1.8 Conclusion
16(1)
Acknowledgments
16(1)
References
17(6)
Chapter 2 Carbon Nanotubes as Plant Growth Regulators: Impacts on Growth, Reproductive System, and Soil Microbial Community 23(20)
Anuradha Patel
Sanjesh Tiwari
Parul Parihar
Rachana Singh
Sheo Mohan Prasad
2.1 Introduction
23(2)
2.2 Carbon Nanotubes: Uptake and Translocation
25(1)
2.3 Release and Uptake of Carbon Nanotubes
25(1)
2.4 Role of Carbon Nanotubes
26(8)
2.4.1 Impact of Carbon Nanotubes on Soil and Pesticide Accumulation
26(1)
2.4.2 Impact of Carbon Nanotubes on Wastewater Treatment
27(1)
2.4.3 Role of Carbon Nanotubes in the Production of Synthetic Plant Hormone
28(1)
2.4.4 Role of Carbon Nanotubes in Seed Germination
28(1)
2.4.5 Carbon Nanotubes as Plant Growth Regulators
29(4)
2.4.6 Role of Carbon Nanotubes in the Microbial Community
33(1)
2.5 Industrial Application of Carbon Nanotubes
34(1)
2.6 Conclusion
35(1)
References
35(8)
Chapter 3 Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Responses on Plants: A Physiological Perspective 43(22)
Thounaojam Thorny Chanu
Hrishikesh Upadhyaya
3.1 Introduction
43(1)
3.2 Properties of ZnO NPs
44(1)
3.3 Synthesis of ZnO NPs
44(7)
3.3.1 Physical Methods
48(1)
3.3.2 Chemical Methods
49(1)
3.3.3 Biological Method or Green Synthesis
49(2)
3.4 Positive Impacts of ZnO NPs on Plants
51(5)
3.5 Negative Impacts of ZnO NPs on Plants
56(1)
3.6 Conclusion
56(1)
References
57(7)
Further Reading
64(1)
Chapter 4 Effects of Nanoparticles in Plants: Phytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Assessment 65(24)
Lucia Giorgetti
4.1 Introduction
65(1)
4.2 Plant Uptake of NPs
66(1)
4.3 Phytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induction and Assessment
66(3)
4.3.1 Plant Bioassays
67(2)
4.4 Phytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of the Most Widespread Nanoparticles
69(12)
4.4.1 Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Silica NPs
69(2)
4.4.2 Phytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of TiO2 NPs
71(2)
4.4.3 Genotoxicity of ZnO NPs
73(1)
4.4.4 Genotoxicity of Aluminum Oxide NPs
74(1)
4.4.5 Genotoxicity of Carbon-Based NPs
75(2)
4.4.6 Genotoxicity of CeO2 NPs
77(1)
4.4.7 Genotoxicity of CuO NPs
78(1)
4.4.8 Genotoxicity of AG NPs
79(2)
4.5 Conclusion
81(1)
References
81(8)
Chapter 5 Industrial Nanoparticles and Their Influence on Gene Expression in Plants 89(14)
Anshu Rastogi
5.1 Introduction
89(1)
5.2 Basic Principle Behind the Study
90(7)
5.2.1 An Overview
91(4)
5.2.2 Mechanism and Hypothesis
95(2)
5.3 Conclusion and Future Perspective
97(1)
References
97(6)
Chapter 6 Role of Nanoparticles on Photosynthesis: Avenues and Applications 103(26)
Sunita Kataria
Meeta Jain
Anshu Rastogi
Marek Zivcak
Marian Brestic
Shiliang Liu
Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
6.1 Introduction
103(1)
6.2 Nanoparticles and Growth of Plants
104(4)
6.3 Nanoparticles and Photosynthesis
108(7)
6.3.1 Light-Dependent Reactions
110(3)
6.3.2 Carbon Dioxide Fixation Reactions
113(2)
6.4 Nanomaterials and Photosynthesis Under Abiotic Stresses
115(1)
6.5 Nanoparticles and Yield of Plants
116(1)
6.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects
117(1)
Acknowledgments
117(1)
References
117(10)
Further Reading
127(2)
Chapter 7 Nanoparticle-Induced Ecotoxicological Risks in Aquatic Environments: Concepts and Controversies 129(14)
Aditya Banerjee
Aryadeep Roychoudhury
7.1 Introduction
129(1)
7.2 Nanoparticle Toxicity Determination
130(1)
7.2.1 Nanoparticle Engineering
130(1)
7.2.2 Comparative Approaches Among Engineered Nanoparticles
130(1)
7.2.3 Structural and Functional Aspects of Engineered Nanoparticles
131(1)
7.3 Understanding the Mechanisms of Engineered Nanoparticle Toxicity
131(2)
7.3.1 Oxidative Stress Mediated By Engineered Nanoparticles
131(1)
7.3.2 Light-Induced Activity of Engineered Nanoparticles
132(1)
7.3.3 Adsorption Properties in Engineered Nanoparticles
132(1)
7.3.4 Interaction of Engineered Nanoparticles With Environmental Materials
133(1)
7.4 Engineered Nanoparticle Toxicity Across the Aquatic Food Web
133(3)
7.4.1 Engineered Nanoparticle Toxicity in Fish
133(1)
7.4.2 Engineered Nanoparticle Toxicity in Aquatic Invertebrates
134(1)
7.4.3 Engineered Nanoparticle Toxicity in Phytoplanktons
135(1)
7.4.4 Engineered Nanoparticles Toxicity in Aquatic Plants
135(1)
7.5 Engineered Nanoparticles in the Ecological Cycle
136(1)
7.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
137(1)
Acknowledgments
137(1)
References
137(6)
Chapter 8 Phytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles to Aquatic Plants, Algae, and Microorganisms 143(26)
Guido Domingo
Marcella Bracale
Candida Vannini
8.1 Introduction
143(1)
8.2 Environmental Concentration of Silver Nanoparticles
144(1)
8.3 Silver Nanoparticles' Fate in Water
144(1)
8.4 Importance of Shape and Size for Silver Nanoparticles' Toxicity in Photosynthetic Organisms
145(1)
8.5 Aquatic Photosynthetic System
145(2)
8.6 Effects of Silver Ions on the Aquatic Photosynthetic System
147(1)
8.7 Mechanisms of Uptake into Aquatic Photosynthetic Organisms
148(1)
8.8 Silver Nanoparticles' Effects on Aquatic Plants
148(2)
8.9 Silver Nanoparticles' Effects on Algae
150(2)
8.10 Silver Nanoparticles' Effects on Cyanobacteria
152(1)
8.11 Silver Nanoparticles' Effects on Phytoplankton
152(1)
8.12 Silver Nanoparticles' Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification
153(1)
8.13 Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles in Cyanobacteria and Microalgae
154(1)
8.14 Discussion
154(5)
8.15 Conclusion and Future Prospects
159(1)
References
159(9)
Further Reading
168(1)
Chapter 9 Therapeutic Potential of Plant-Based Metal Nanoparticles: Present Status and Future Perspectives 169(28)
Abhishek Kumar Dwivedy
Neha Upadhyay
Simran Asawa
Manoj Kumar
Bhanu Prakash
Nawal Kishore Dubey
9.1 Introduction
169(1)
9.2 Synthesis of Nanomaterials
170(2)
9.2.1 Traditional or Chemical Methods for Synthesis of Metal-Based Nanoparticles
171(1)
9.2.2 Bottom-Up Approach
171(1)
9.2.3 Top-Down Approach
172(1)
9.3 Biological Synthesis of Metal-Based Nanoparticles
172(10)
9.3.1 Plant-Based Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles
172(2)
9.3.2 Mode of Biosynthesis of Plant-Based Nanoparticles
174(5)
9.3.3 Applications of Plant-Based Metal-Based Nanoparticles
179(3)
9.4 Antifungal Activity of Nanoparticles
182(3)
9.5 Mechanism Underlying the Antifungal Activity of Nanoparticles
185(1)
9.6 Limitations in Practical Use of Nanoparticles for Antifungal Activity
185(1)
9.7 Conclusion
186(1)
References
187(9)
Further Reading
196(1)
Chapter 10 Antifungal Impact of Nanoparticles Against Different Plant Pathogenic Fungi 197(22)
S. Rajeshkumar
10.1 Introduction to Disease-Causing Plant Microbes
197(1)
10.2 Various Technologies Used for Control of Plant Pathogens
197(1)
10.2.1 Physical Methods
197(1)
10.2.2 Chemical Methods
198(1)
10.2.3 Biological Methods
198(1)
10.3 Antimicrobial Activity of Nanoparticles
198(4)
10.3.1 Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles
199(1)
10.3.2 Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles
200(2)
10.4 Nanoparticles Against Plant Pathogens
202(5)
10.5 Oxide Nanoparticles
207(2)
10.6 Other Nanoparticles Used for Plant Pathogens Control
209(1)
10.7 Conclusion and Future Prospects
209(1)
Acknowledgments
210(1)
References
210(6)
Further Reading
216(3)
Chapter 11 Synthesis of Nanoparticles Utilizing Sources From the Mangrove Environment and Their Potential Applications: an Overview 219(18)
Sushanto Gouda
Rout George Kerry
Gitishree Das
Jayanta Kumar Patra
11.1 Introduction
219(2)
11.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Various Sources in the Mangrove Environment
221(3)
11.2.1 Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Bacteria
221(1)
11.2.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Fungi
221(1)
11.2.3 Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Plants
222(1)
11.2.4 Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Other Sources
223(1)
11.3 Applications of Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Mangrove Environment Sources
224(5)
11.3.1 Biomedical Applications
225(2)
11.3.2 Agricultural Applications
227(1)
11.3.3 Industrial Applications
227(1)
11.3.4 Other Applications
228(1)
11.4 Future Prospects
229(1)
11.5 Conclusion
229(1)
References
229(6)
Further Reading
235(2)
Chapter 12 Recent Developments in Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Utilizing Cyanobacterial Cell Factories 237(30)
Jainendra Pathak
Rajneesh
Haseen Ahmed
Deepak K. Singh
Abha Pandey
Shailendra P. Singh
Rajeshwar P. Sinha
12.1 Introduction
237(1)
12.2 Bionanotechnology
238(2)
12.2.1 Types of Nanoparticles
238(1)
12.2.2 Techniques Used for the Characterization of Nanoparticles
239(1)
12.3 Cyanobacterial "Cell Factories" and Bionanotechnology
240(1)
12.4 Mechanism of Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles
241(3)
12.5 Recent Developments in Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles Utilizing Cyanobacteria
244(7)
12.6 Applications of Nanotechnology
251(3)
12.7 Conclusion and Future Prospects
254(1)
Acknowledgments
254(1)
References
255(10)
Further Reading
265(2)
Chapter 13 Chitosan and Its Nanocarriers: Applications and Opportunities 267(20)
Nandita Sharma
Devendra Singh
Radha Rani
Deepmala Sharma
Himanshu Pandey
Vishnu Agarwal
13.1 Introduction
267(1)
13.2 Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials and Their Biological Activities
268(3)
13.2.1 Use of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials in Plants
268(2)
13.2.2 Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials
270(1)
13.2.3 Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials
270(1)
13.2.4 Antiviral Activity of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials
271(1)
13.3 Carboxymethyl Chitosan: One of the Prominent Chitosan Derivatives
271(7)
13.3.1 Physicochemical Properties of Carboxymethyl Chitosan
273(1)
13.3.2 Biological Properties of Carboxymethyl Chitosan
274(1)
13.3.3 Applications of Carboxymethyl Chitosan
275(3)
13.4 Nanovehicles for Delivery of Specific Drugs
278(1)
13.4.1 Anticancerous and Antiinflammatory Drugs
278(1)
13.4.2 Antifungal and Antimicrobial Drugs
278(1)
13.4.3 Peptides and Vaccines
278(1)
13.8 Conclusion
279(1)
References
279(6)
Further Reading
285(2)
Chapter 14 Biosensor Technology-Advanced Scientific Tools, With Special Reference to Nanobiosensors and Plant- and Food-Based Biosensors 287(18)
Jayanta Kumar Patra
Dipendra Kumar Mahato
Pradeep Kumar
14.1 Introduction
287(1)
14.2 Types of Biosensor
288(4)
14.2.1 Nanobiosensors
288(2)
14.2.2 Plants Engineered With a Specific Biosensor
290(1)
14.2.3 Biosensors Based on Mode/Transducers
290(2)
14.2.4 Biosensors Based on Receptors
292(1)
14.3 Application of Biosensors
292(4)
14.3.1 Biosensors Used for Quantification of Nitrates in Plants
292(1)
14.3.2 Biosensors in Plant Disease Detection
293(1)
14.3.3 Food Safety and Contaminations (Toxin and Xenobiotic Compounds)
293(2)
14.3.4 Maintaining Food Quality
295(1)
14.3.5 Process Control: Fermentation and Pasteurization
295(1)
14.3.6 Biotechnology and Genetically Modified Organisms
295(1)
14.4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
296(1)
References
297(8)
Chapter 15 Impact of Nanoparticles on Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants: An Overview 305(18)
Zesmin Khan
Hrishikesh Upadhyaya
15.1 Introduction
305(1)
15.2 Physiological Impacts of Nanoparticles on Plants
306(1)
15.3 Impact of Nanoparticles on ROS and Antioxidant System
307(3)
15.4 Nanoparticles and Metal Stress in Plants
310(1)
15.5 Nanoparticles and Drought Stress in Plants
311(1)
15.6 Nanoparticles and Salinity Stress
312(3)
15.7 Nanoparticles and Other Abiotic Stresses
315(1)
15.8 Conclusion and Perspectives
315(1)
References
316(6)
Further Reading
322(1)
Chapter 16 Physicochemical Perturbation of Plants on Exposure to Metal Oxide Nanoparticle 323(30)
Indrani Manna
Maumita Bandyopadhyay
16.1 Introduction
323(2)
16.2 Sources of Metal Nanoparticles
325(2)
16.2.1 Natural Sources
325(1)
16.2.2 Dust Storms
326(1)
16.2.3 Extraterrestrial Dust
326(1)
16.2.4 Forest Fires
327(1)
16.2.5 Volcanic Eruptions
327(1)
16.2.6 Ocean and Water Evaporation
327(1)
16.3 Anthropological Interventions
327(2)
16.3.1 Fossil Fuel Combustion
328(1)
16.3.2 Indoor Pollution
328(1)
16.3.3 Cigarette Smoke
328(1)
16.3.4 Construction and Demolition
328(1)
16.3.5 Cosmetics and Other Consumer Products
328(1)
16.3.6 Engineered Nanomaterials
329(1)
16.4 Global Financial Status of Engineered Metal Nanoparticles
329(2)
16.5 Fate of Engineered Nanoparticles
331(1)
16.6 Physicochemical Stress in Plants: The Whys and the Wherefores
332(2)
16.7 Major Metal Nanoparticles Affecting Plants
334(6)
16.7.1 Silver Nanoparticles
334(1)
16.7.2 Gold Nanoparticles
335(1)
16.7.3 Titanium Nanoparticles
336(1)
16.7.4 Copper Nanoparticles
336(1)
16.7.5 Zinc Nanoparticle
336(1)
16.7.6 Iron Nanoparticles
337(1)
16.7.7 Magnesium Nanoparticle
337(1)
16.7.8 Cerium Nanoparticles
337(1)
16.7.9 Nickel Nanoparticles
338(1)
16.7.10 Aluminium Nanoparticles
338(1)
16.7.11 Cadmium Nanoparticles
338(1)
16.7.12 Ytterbium, Lanthanum, and Gadolinium
339(1)
16.8 Amelioration of Nanoparticle-Induced Damage to Plants
340(1)
16.9 Conclusion
341(2)
References
343(10)
Index 353
Dr. Durgesh Kumar Tripathi is currently an Associate Professor at Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India. He is the recipient of Dr DS Kothari Post-Doctoral Fellowship of the UGC, New Delhi. Dr. Tripathi has received his D.Phil. in Science from University of Allahabad, India. During this period, Dr. Tripathi worked extensively on phytolith analysis, crop stress physiology, agro-nanotechnology and molecular biology. He has expertise on laser spectroscopy. His research interests encompass stress tolerance mechanisms in plants. Presently, he is working with nano-materials and their interactions with plants to find out their detoxification mechanisms, he is also working on Silicon, Nitric oxide and hormonal crosstalk against abiotic stress in plants.

Dr. Parvaiz Ahmad is Senior Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany at Sri Pratap College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India, and is presently a Visiting Scientist at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He completed his post-graduate degree in Botany in 2000 at Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India. After receiving a Doctorate degree from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi, India, he joined the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, in 2007. His main research area is Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology. He has published more than 50 research papers in peer reviewed journals, and 40 book chapters. He is also an Editor of 17 volumes (one with Studium Press Pvt. India Ltd., New Delhi, India; nine with Springer, New York; three with Elsevier USA; and four with John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.). He is a recipient of the Junior Research Fellowship and Senior Research Fellowship award, granted by CSIR, New Delhi, India. Dr. Ahmad was awarded the Young Scientist Award under the Fast Track scheme in 2007 by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India. Dr. Ahmad is actively engaged in studying the molecular and physio-biochemical responses of different agricultural and horticultural plants under environmental stress. Dr. Shivesh Sharma completed his masters degree and PhD in the field of microbiology. His research interests include environmental microbiology/biotechnology, plant-microbe interaction, and bio formulations. He has been involved in number of research projects, funded both externally (DBT, UGC, DST, MHRD) and internally in the fields of his research interests. He has more than 110 publications in different research journals and various book chapters to his credit. Devendra Kumar Chauhan is a Professor and Head of Department of Botany at the University of Allahabad, India. He has 35 years worth of teaching experience, has edited 5 books and contributed 15 book chapters. He has 76 publications in total and is on the editorial board for 5 different journals, including the American Journal of Current Biology and Ethnobotany: International Journal of the Society of Ethnobotanists. His research interests include palaeobotany, evolutionary biology, phytoremediation, plant stress physiology and agro-nanotechnology. Dr Dubey has won awards for both his teaching and his research, and is currently a fellow of the National Academy of Sciences. His work spans across botany and food microbiology. He has published over 160 papers and has contributed to 7 books, in addition to holding a number of patents.
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