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El. knyga: Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals: From Self-Organized Nanostructures to Applications

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  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: NanoScience and Technology
  • Išleidimo metai: 17-Apr-2014
  • Leidėjas: Springer International Publishing AG
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783319048673
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals: From Self-Organized Nanostructures to ApplicationsDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: NanoScience and Technology
  • Išleidimo metai: 17-Apr-2014
  • Leidėjas: Springer International Publishing AG
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783319048673
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This book focuses on the exciting topic of nanoscience with liquid crystals: from self-organized nanostructures to applications. The elegant self-organized liquid crystalline nanostructures, the synergetic characteristics of liquid crystals and nanoparticles, liquid crystalline nanomaterials, synthesis of nanomaterials using liquid crystals as templates, nanoconfinement and nanoparticles of liquid crystals are covered and discussed, and the prospect of fabricating functional materials is highlighted. Contributions, collecting the scattered literature of the field from leading and active players, are compiled to make the book a reference book. Readers will find the book useful and of benefit both as summaries for works in this field and as tutorials and explanations of concepts for those just entering the field. Additionally, the book helps to stimulate future developments.

Recenzijos

From the book reviews:

This book outlines and describes in detail 12 different focus areas of liquid crystal research. As such, this book would be useful for students or researchers who are interested in entering or expanding into this field. it is an exceptional starting point for learning more about liquid crystals and their applications. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. (N. M. Fahrenkopf, Choice, Vol. 52 (6), February, 2015)

1 Holographic Liquid Crystals for Nanophotonics 1(34)
Timothy D. Wilkinson
Haider Butt
Yunuen Montelongo
1.1 Introduction
2(1)
1.2 Computer Generated Holography
3(8)
1.2.1 Diffraction Through an Aperture
3(5)
1.2.2 Calculating Computer Generated Holograms
8(3)
1.3 Carbon Nanotubes
11(1)
1.4 The Optics of Nematic Liquid Crystals
12(2)
1.5 Carbon Nanotube Plasmonic Devices
14(3)
1.6 Quasi Crystalline Diffraction from Nanotube Arrays
17(4)
1.7 CNT Based CGH Holograms
21(4)
1.8 Nanophotonic Antennas
25(7)
1.9 Conclusions and Discussion
32(1)
References
33(2)
2 Directing 3D Topological Defects in Smectic Liquid Crystals and Their Applications as an Emerging Class of Building Blocks 35(34)
Apiradee Honglawan
Shu Yang
2.1 Introduction
35(4)
2.2 Engineering Focal Conic Domain Structure Through Confinement
39(16)
2.2.1 Confinement: Chemically Patterned Surfaces
40(2)
2.2.2 Confinement: Topographical Surfaces
42(1)
2.2.3 3D Confinement of Focal Conic Domains
43(7)
2.2.4 Generation of Focal Conic Domains with Non-zero Eccentricity in Thin Films
50(5)
2.3 Applications of Focal Conic Domain Arrays
55(6)
2.4 Conclusions and Perspective
61(4)
2.4.1 Complex Templates
64(1)
2.4.2 Directed Assemblies from Other LC Phases
64(1)
2.4.3 Templating Nanomaterials and Other Applications of SmA LCs
64(1)
References
65(4)
3 Liquid Crystalline 1D and 2D Carbon Materials 69(32)
Hari Krishna Bisoyi
Sandeep Kumar
Quan Li
3.1 Introduction
69(2)
3.2 Carbon Nanotube Based LCs
71(10)
3.2.1 Acid Functionalized CNTs
73(1)
3.2.2 Protonated CNTs
74(1)
3.2.3 Biopolymer Functionalized CNTs
74(3)
3.2.4 Polymer Functionalized CNTs
77(2)
3.2.5 Other Methods of Fabricating Liquid Crystalline Phase of CNTs
79(2)
3.3 Graphene Based LCs
81(10)
3.3.1 Protonated Graphenes
83(1)
3.3.2 Graphene Oxide Based LCs
83(6)
3.3.3 Reduced Graphene Oxide Based LCs
89(2)
3.3.4 Thermotropic LCs of Synthetic Nanographenes
91(1)
3.4 Conclusions and Outlook
91(2)
References
93(8)
4 Liquid Crystal-Gold Nanoparticle Hybrid Materials 101(34)
Chenming Xue
Quan Li
4.1 Introduction
101(2)
4.2 Fundamentals of LCs and GNPs
103(3)
4.3 LC/GNP Hybrid Materials
106(17)
4.3.1 Overview
106(2)
4.3.2 Rod-Like Mesogen Coated GNPs
108(5)
4.3.3 Bent-Core Mesogen Coated GNPs
113(1)
4.3.4 Mesogenic Dendron Coated GNPs
113(3)
4.3.5 Disc-Like Mesogen Coated Gold Nanoparticles
116(2)
4.3.6 Hybrid Gold Nanorods
118(5)
4.4 Applications
123(3)
4.5 Conclusions
126(2)
References
128(7)
5 Photoresponsive Chiral Liquid Crystal Materials: From 1D Helical Superstructures to 3D Periodic Cubic Lattices and Beyond 135(44)
Yannian Li
Quan Li
5.1 Introduction
136(1)
5.2 Chiral Liquid Crystals
136(4)
5.2.1 Chiral Nematic Phase
137(1)
5.2.2 Chiral Smectic C Phase
138(2)
5.2.3 Blue Phase
140(1)
5.3 Photoresponsive Chiral LCs
140(3)
5.4 Photoresponsive Cholesteric LCs
143(17)
5.4.1 Azobenzene-Based CLCs
143(10)
5.4.2 Overcrowed Alkene-Based CLCs
153(3)
5.4.3 Diarylethene-Based CLCs
156(3)
5.4.4 Other CLC Systems Based on Photochromic Molecules
159(1)
5.5 Photoresponsive Chiral Smectic LCs
160(4)
5.6 Photoresponsive Blue Phase LCs
164(5)
5.7 Conclusions and Outlook
169(1)
References
170(9)
6 Glassy Liquid Crystals as Self-Organized Films for Robust Optoelectronic Devices 179(30)
H.M. Philp Chen
Jane J. Ou
Shaw H. Chen
6.1 Concept and Relevance of Glassy Liquid Crystals
180(1)
6.2 Prior Empirical Approaches to GLCs
181(1)
6.3 Modular Approaches to GLCs
181(4)
6.4 Optical Properties of Cholesteric LC Films
185(1)
6.5 Synthesis of Core-Pendant Cholesteric GLCs
185(3)
6.5.1 Statistical Synthesis
186(1)
6.5.2 Deterministic Synthesis
186(2)
6.6 Hairy Rods for Preparation of Conjugated GLC Films
188(1)
6.7 Optoelectronic Devices Utilizing GLCs
188(16)
6.7.1 Circular Polarizers, Optical Notch Filters and Reflectors
189(1)
6.7.2 Modulating Circular Polarization and Reflective Coloration
189(3)
6.7.3 Circularly Polarized Fluorescence
192(1)
6.7.4 Photoswitchable Nematic GLC Film
193(1)
6.7.5 Photoswitchable Cholesteric GLC Film
194(1)
6.7.6 Linearly Polarized Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
195(3)
6.7.7 Linearly Polarized Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
198(1)
6.7.8 Circularly Polarized Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
199(1)
6.7.9 Cholesteric GLC Film as Robust Solid-State Laser.
200(2)
6.7.10 Spatially Resolved Lasing from a Cholesteric GLC Film
202(1)
6.8 Solvent-Vapor Annealing of Conjugated Oligomers
203(1)
6.9 Conclusions
204(2)
References
206(3)
7 Directing Self-Organized Columnar Nanostructures of Discotic Liquid Crystals for Device Applications 209(48)
Hari Krishna Bisoyi
Quan Li
7.1 Introduction
209(4)
7.2 Homeotropic Columnar Orientation
213(15)
7.2.1 Thermal Alignment Method
214(4)
7.2.2 Chemical Structure Modification
218(3)
7.2.3 Surface Modification of Substrates
221(2)
7.2.4 Electric Field
223(1)
7.2.5 Infrared Irradiation
224(2)
7.2.6 Other Methods
226(2)
7.3 Homogeneous (Planar) Columnar Orientation
228(13)
7.3.1 Mechanical Shearing
228(2)
7.3.2 Magnetic Field
230(2)
7.3.3 Polytetrafluoroethylene Alignment Layer
232(1)
7.3.4 Langmuir-Blodgett Technique
233(4)
7.3.5 Zone Casting
237(1)
7.3.6 Zone Melting
238(1)
7.3.7 Other Methods
239(2)
7.4 Alignment of DLCs in Micro- and Nanopores and Channels
241(4)
7.5 Conclusions and Outlook
245(1)
References
246(11)
8 Discotic Liquid Crystalline Blends for Nano-Structure Formation Toward Bulk Heterojunction Active Layer in Organic Photovoltaics 257(24)
Yo Shimizu
8.1 Introduction
257(3)
8.2 Miscibility and Phase Separation in Liquid Crystals
260(3)
8.3 Liquid Crystalline Blends Toward Semiconductors
263(5)
8.4 Liquid Crystalline Blends in Organic Photovoltaics
268(7)
8.5 Summary
275(1)
References
276(5)
9 Ion-Based Liquid Crystals: From Well-Defined Self-Organized Nanostructures to Applications 281(20)
Hiromitsu Maeda
9.1 Introduction
281(2)
9.2 Solid-State Ion-Based Assembled Structures
283(2)
9.3 Thermotropic Liquid Crystals Based on Planar Receptor-Anion Complexes and Appropriate Cations
285(9)
9.4 Thermotropic Liquid Crystals Based on Planar Ion Pairs
294(2)
9.5 Summary
296(1)
References
296(5)
10 Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Photodeformable Liquid Crystalline Polymers 301(18)
Li Yu
Haifeng Yu
Quan Li
10.1 Introduction
301(1)
10.2 Mechanism of Photoinduced Deformation in LCPs
302(1)
10.3 Application of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Photo-Driven Actuators of LCPs
303(7)
10.3.1 Template for Alignment of Mesogens
304(3)
10.3.2 Nanomaterials for Wavelength Regulation
307(3)
10.4 Soft Actuators Based on Nanomaterials Functionalized LCPs
310(4)
10.4.1 Optically Controlled Switching
311(1)
10.4.2 IR-Triggered Artificial Arm
312(1)
10.4.3 Inchworm Walker Devices
313(1)
10.5 Conclusions and Outlook
314(1)
References
315(4)
11 Self-Assembled Liquid Crystalline Conjugated Polymers: Synthesis, Development, and Their Advanced Electro-Optical Properties 319(36)
Benedict A. San Jose
Kazuo Akagi
11.1 Introduction
319(2)
11.2 Hierarchical Self-assembly of Liquid Crystalline Conjugated Polymers
321(8)
11.2.1 Whisker Morphology Consisting of Hierarchically Self-assembled Polymer Helices
322(2)
11.2.2 Macroscopic Alignment of the Self-assembled Polymer Helix by a Magnetic Field
324(5)
11.3 Helical ir-Stacked Self-assemblies of Liquid Crystalline Conjugated Polymers Showing Circularly Polarized Luminescence with High Dissymmetry Factors
329(9)
11.3.1 Lyotropic Di-substituted Polyacetylenes that Exhibit High Dissymmetry Factors in Circularly Polarized Luminescence Through the Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystal Phase
330(4)
11.3.2 Helically n-Stacked Thiophene-based Copolymers that Exhibit RGB and White Circularly Polarized Luminescence
334(4)
11.4 Dynamic Switching Functionalities of Liquid Crystalline Conjugated Polymers
338(11)
11.4.1 Ferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Poly(meta-phenylene)
339(4)
11.4.2 Dynamic Switching of Linearly and Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Liquid Crystalline Photoresponsive Conjugated Polymers
343(6)
11.5 Summary
349(1)
References
350(5)
12 Solubilization and Delivery of Drugs from GMO-Based Lyotropic Liquid Crystals 355(60)
Nissim Garti
Dima Libster
Abraham Aserin
12.1 Characterization and Structural Considerations
356(19)
12.1.1 Introduction
356(1)
12.1.2 The Amphiphiles
357(1)
12.1.3 Cubic Phases
358(1)
12.1.4 The Reverse Hexagonal Mesophase
359(1)
12.1.5 The Lamellar Mesophase
360(1)
12.1.6 Phase Behavior
361(2)
12.1.7 HII Mesophase Composed of GMO/Triglyceride/ Water as Drug Delivery Systems
363(4)
12.1.8 Molecular Interactions of LLCs with Proteins and Nucleotides
367(4)
12.1.9 Solubilization and Delivery of Biomacromolecules.
371(4)
12.2 LLC as Drug Delivery Vehicles
375(33)
12.2.1 Monoolein and Phytantriol: Main Building Blocks of Lipids Mesophases
378(1)
12.2.2 Hexagonal and Cubic Mesophases and Their Dispersions as Carriers of Hydrophilic Drugs Cubosomes, Hexosomes and Micellosomes
378(1)
12.2.3 Oral Administration Using LLC
379(2)
12.2.4 Transdermal Delivery from LLC
381(2)
12.2.5 Delivery of Lipophilic Drugs from LLC Systems
383(9)
12.2.6 Administration of an Amphiphilic Drug
392(1)
12.2.7 Release of Proteins as Drugs
393(6)
12.2.8 Specific Utilization of Penetration Enhancers for Delivery of Hydrophilic Drugs from LLC
399(8)
12.2.9 Probable Mechanisms of Delivery
407(1)
12.3 Conclusions
408(1)
References
409(6)
Index 415
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