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El. knyga: The National Politics of Nuclear Power: Economics, Security, and Governance

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This book offers a comprehensive assessment of the dynamics driving, and constraining, nuclear power development in Asia, Europe and North America, providing detailed comparative analysis.

The book formulates a theory of nuclear socio-political economy which highlights six factors necessary for embarking on nuclear power programs: (1) national security and secrecy, (2) technocratic ideology, (3) economic interventionism, (4) a centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network, (5) subordination of opposition to political authority, and (6) social peripheralization. The book validates this theory by confirming the presence of these six drivers during the initial nuclear power developmental periods in eight countries: the United States, France, Japan, Russia (the former Soviet Union), South Korea, Canada, China, and India.

The authors then apply this framework as a predictive tool to evaluate contemporary nuclear power trends. They discuss what this theory means for developed and developing countries which exhibit the potential for nuclear development on a major scale, and examine how the new "renaissance" of nuclear power may affect the promotion of renewable energy, global energy security, and development policy as a whole. The volume also assesses the influence of climate change and the recent nuclear accident in Fukushima, Japan, on the nuclear power industry’s trajectory.

This book will be of interest to students of energy policy and security, nuclear proliferation, international security, global governance and IR in general.

Recenzijos

"All too often, discussions about whether or not a country might embark on or expand nuclear power revolve around projections of electricity and energy demand into the (far) future and the falling reserves of fossil fuels. In some cases, speculations about whether the country might be harboring nuclear weapon ambitions play a part. But, as Sovacool and Valentine argue convincingly, a great many other considerations play important roles in determining the trajectory of nuclear power in countries. This line of inquiry is vitally important today as nuclear power faces an uncertain and geographically diverse future in the aftermath of the Fukushima accidents." -- M. V. Ramana, Princeton University, USA

"This timely and original book develops a socio-political economic theory to explore the continuing fascination and commitment to nuclear energy in eight countries in Asia, Europe and North America. It is a book that must be read by all those - professionals, politician, academics and citizens - fascinated by the present dilemmas and future prospects of nuclear power." -- Andrew Blowers, Open University, UK

"In their holistic investigation of the myriad factors that give rise to nuclear energy programs and that sustain them over time Sovacool and Valentine have filled a major lacuna in the literature on nuclear power. Too often the discourse is dominated by economists and energy analysts who neglect the bigger picture. Political, social and cultural drivers and constraints can be just as determinative as the price of uranium or the overnight costs of building a nuclear power plant. By adopting an "inductive, grounded, comparative" case studies of eight leading nuclear energy countries the two authors not only illuminate commonalities but provide valuable insights into the unique characteristics of each case." -- Trevor Findlay, Harvard University, USA

"A salient contribution to the field, Sovacool and Valentine provide a novel interdisciplinary analysis encompassing a wide range of social, political, market and ideological factors affecting the development and deployment of nuclear technology. The comprehensive approach gives readers an exceptionally clear assessment of how nuclear power has developed, and continues to evolve, in a variety of different markets." -- Antony Froggatt, Chatham House, London, UK.

List of figures xi
List of tables xii
Acknowledgments xiv
List of acronyms and abbreviations xvi
1 Introduction 1(24)
Why nuclear power?
2(2)
Contribution to nuclear scholarship
4(1)
Methods and key concepts
5(4)
Case selection
9(3)
Introducing a theory of nuclear sociopolitical economy
12(1)
National security and secrecy
12(4)
Technocratic ideology
16(1)
Economic interventionism
17(2)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
19(3)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
22(1)
Social peripheralization
22(2)
Up ahead
24(1)
2 An introduction to nuclear power technology 25(29)
Industry overview
25(1)
Nuclear reactor types
26(2)
Nuclear reactor generations
28(4)
The basics of the nuclear lifecycle
32(1)
Uranium mining and milling
32(5)
Plant construction and operation
37(1)
Interim and permanent waste storage
38(2)
Used fuel reprocessing and disposal
40(2)
Decommissioning
42(1)
Nuclear technology and the sociopolitical economy
43(1)
Nuclear technology and the political realm
44(2)
Nuclear technology and the economics of electricity generation
46(4)
Nuclear technology and society
50(4)
3 United States 54(29)
Background
54(10)
National security and secrecy
64(3)
Technocratic ideology
67(4)
Economic interventionism
71(3)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
74(1)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
75(1)
Social peripheralization
75(3)
Looking to the future
78(5)
4 France 83(18)
Background
83(6)
National security and secrecy
89(2)
Technocratic ideology
91(1)
Economic interventionism
92(1)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
93(1)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
94(1)
Social peripheralization
95(2)
Looking to the future
97(4)
5 Japan 101(31)
Background
101(9)
National security and secrecy
110(3)
Technocratic ideology
113(3)
Economic interventionism
116(1)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
117(1)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
118(3)
Social peripheralization
121(2)
Looking to the future
123(9)
6 Russia and the former Soviet Union 132(19)
Background
132(3)
National security and secrecy
135(2)
Technocratic ideology
137(2)
Economic interventionism
139(1)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
140(1)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
141(1)
Social peripheralization
142(1)
Looking to the future
143(8)
7 South Korea 151(18)
Background
151(2)
National security and secrecy
153(4)
Technocratic ideology
157(1)
Economic interventionism
158(1)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
159(1)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
159(1)
Social peripheralization
160(2)
Looking to the future
162(7)
8 Canada 169(21)
Background
169(6)
National security and secrecy
175(2)
Technocratic ideology
177(2)
Economic interventionism
179(1)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
179(4)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
183(1)
Social peripheralization
184(1)
Looking to the future
185(5)
9 China 190(19)
Background
190(4)
National security and secrecy
194(3)
Technocratic ideology
197(1)
Economic interventionism
198(2)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
200(1)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
201(1)
Social peripheralization
201(1)
Looking to the future
202(7)
10 India 209(18)
Background
209(1)
National security and secrecy
210(5)
Technocratic ideology
215(3)
Economic interventionism
218(1)
Centrally coordinated energy stakeholder network
218(1)
Subordination of opposition to political authority
219(1)
Social peripheralization
220(1)
Looking to the future
221(6)
11 Condusion 227(25)
Insight 1: the commonalities of nuclear power development appear universal
230(4)
Insight 2: the socio-political economy of nuclear power is a complex adaptive system
234(1)
Insight 3: the six drivers must exist simultaneously to induce uninterrupted development
235(2)
Insight 4: national security plays a central role in nuclear power development
237(2)
Insight 5: climate change enhances nuclear power development prospects
239(1)
Insight 6: the impact of the Fukushima disaster on long-term development is unclear
239(2)
Insight 7: deterministic accounts do not fully explain nuclear development
241(1)
Insight 8: nuclear power requires undemocratic conditions to thrive
242(6)
Need for further insight
248(4)
Appendix: major accidents and incidents at nuclear power facilities from 1952 to 2011 252(12)
Notes 264(27)
Index 291
Benjamin K. Sovacool is a Visiting Associate Professor at the Institute for Energy and Environment at Vermont Law School, where he manages the Energy Security and Justice Program. He is editor, author, or co-author of nine books, including the Routledge Handbook of Energy Security (2010).

Scott Victor Valentine is Associate Professor and Associate Director of the International Master of Public Policy Program at the Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Tokyo, Japan. He has a Ph.D. from the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore.