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El. knyga: New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Crop Improvement through Microbial Biotechnology

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Edited by (Assistant Professor of Ag. Biotechnology, Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, Faculty of Life S), Edited by , Edited by (Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India)
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 20-Feb-2018
  • Leidėjas: Elsevier Science Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780444639882
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New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Crop Improvement through Microbial BiotechnologyDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 20-Feb-2018
  • Leidėjas: Elsevier Science Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780444639882
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Crop Improvement through Microbial Biotechnology explains how certain techniques can be used to manipulate plant growth and development, focusing on the cross-kingdom transfer of genes to incorporate novel phenotypes in plants, including the utilization of microbes at every step, from cloning and characterization, to the production of a genetically engineered plant. This book covers microbial biotechnology in sustainable agriculture, aiming to improve crop productivity under stress conditions. It includes sections on genes encoding avirulence factors of bacteria and fungi, viral coat proteins of plant viruses, chitinase from fungi, virulence factors from nematodes and mycoplasma, insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis, and herbicide tolerance enzymes from bacteria.

  • Introduces the principles of microbial biotechnology and its application in crop improvement
  • Lists various new developments in enhancing plant productivity and efficiency
  • Explains the mechanisms of plant/microbial interactions and the beneficial use of these interactions in crop improvement
  • Explores various bacteria classes and their beneficial effects in plant growth and efficiency
Contributors xi
1 The Use of Microorganisms for Gene Transfer and Crop Improvement
Mehmet C. Baloglu
Musa Kavas
Songul Gurel
Ekrem Gurel
1 Agrobacterium-Based Technologies
1(2)
2 Crop Improvement Through Transgenic Technology
3(5)
3 Virus-Induced Transient Gene Expression in Plants
8(6)
4 Microorganisms for Crop Improvement
14(13)
References
17(10)
2 Actinomycetes as Potential Plant Growth-Promoting Microbial Communities
Dhananjaya P. Singh
Hemantj Patil
Ratna Prabha
Mahesh S. Yandigeri
Siddegowda R. Prasad
1 Introduction
27(3)
2 Actinomycetes as Plant Growth Promoters
30(2)
3 Actinomycetes for Disease Suppression
32(2)
4 Actinomycetes for Biodegrading and Bioremediation
34(1)
5 Production of Novel Substances
34(1)
6 Futuristic Approaches
34(5)
References
35(4)
3 Microbial Genes in Crop Improvement
Krishan Kumar
Chetana Aggarwal
Sapna
Ishwar Singh
Pranjal Yadava
1 Introduction
39(1)
2 Microbial Genes and Genetic Elements Deployed for Plant Transformation
40(2)
3 Microbial Genes for Insect Resistance
42(3)
4 Microbial Genes for Herbicide Tolerance
45(1)
5 Microbial Genes for Modified Product Quality
45(3)
6 Microbial Genes for Abiotic Stress Tolerance
48(1)
7 Microbial Genes for Pathogen Resistance
49(2)
8 Microbial Genes for Hybrid Seed Production
51(1)
9 Public Perceptions and Biosafety Aspects of Use of Microbial Genes in Crop Improvement
52(1)
10 Coevolution of Plants and Microbes and Presence of Microbial Genetic Elements in Native Plants
52(1)
11 Load of Microbial Ingestions in Human Diets
53(1)
12 Conclusion
53(4)
Acknowledgments
54(1)
References
54(3)
4 Microbial Transformations Implicit With Soil and Crop Productivity in Rice System
Vavilala R. Rao
1 Introduction
57(1)
2 Microbial Niches in Submerged Soils
58(1)
3 Major Microflora Associated With Rice Soil
59(1)
4 Sustainability of Rice Soil Ecosystems
60(2)
5 Microbial Involvement in Sustainability
62(2)
6 Altering Anaerobic and Aerobic Interface and Pesticide Biodegradation
64(1)
7 Implication of Microbial Methane Production From Flooded Soil
64(2)
8 Mitigation Options for Reducing Methane Emission From Flooded Rice
66(4)
9 Conclusions
70(3)
References
70(3)
5 Application of Microbial Biotechnology in Food Processing
Subrata N. Bhowmik
Ramabhau T. Patil
1 Introduction
73(2)
2 Current Status of Microbial Biotechnology in Food Processing
75(23)
3 Conclusion
98(9)
References
99(7)
Further Reading
106(1)
6 Innate Immunity Engaged or Disengaged in Plant-Microbe Interactions
Sridhar Ranganathan
1 Beginning of Molecular Basis of Plant-Microbe Interactions
107(1)
2 Plant-Pathogen Interactions
108(1)
3 Innate Immunity
108(12)
4 Mutualistic Interactions
120(10)
5 Epilogue
130(15)
References
131(13)
Further Reading
144(1)
7 Novel Strategies for Engineering Resistance to Plant Viral Diseases
Meenakshi Dangwal
Shivara] M. Mathad
Basavaprabhu L. Patil
1 Introduction
145(2)
2 Natural and Engineered Resistance Against Plant Viruses
147(4)
3 Mechanisms of Resistance to Plant Viruses
151(4)
4 RNA Silencing Pathways
155(7)
5 Genome Editing Tools to Combat Plant Viruses
162(2)
6 Prospects
164(11)
Acknowledgments
164(1)
References
164(10)
Further Reading
174(1)
8 Molecular Characterization of Sugarcane Viruses and Their Diagnostics
Rasappa Viswanathan
Balasubramanian Parameswari
Kathirvel Nithya
1 Introduction
175(1)
2 Mosaic
176(5)
3 Leaf Fleck
181(3)
4 Yellow Leaf Disease
184(2)
5 Detection and Diagnosis of Mixed Infections
186(1)
6 Conclusion
187(8)
Acknowledgments
188(1)
References
188(7)
9 Cyanobacterial Biodiversity and Biotechnology: A Promising Approach for Crop Improvement
Shivam Yadav
Ruchi Rai
Alok K. Shrivastava
Prashant K. Singh
Sonia Sen
Antra Chatterjee
Shweta Rai
Shilpi Singh
Lal C. Rai
1 Introduction
195(1)
2 Crop Yield Constraint, Population Increase and Food Security
196(4)
3 Application of Cyanobacteria in Crop Improvement and Sustainable Agriculture
200(11)
4 Conclusion
211(10)
Acknowledgments
211(1)
References
211(8)
Further Reading
219(2)
10 Pseudomonas fluorescens: A Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium (PGPR) With Potential Role in Biocontrol of Pests of Crops
Baliah V. David
Govindan Chandrasehar
Pamila N. Selvam
1 Introduction
221(1)
2 General Characteristics of Pseudomonas fluorescens
222(1)
3 Plant Growth Promoting Properties of Pseudomonas
222(1)
4 Mechanisms of Plant Growth Promotion by Pseudomonas
223(2)
5 Induction of Systemic Resistance by PGPR Against Diseases, Insect and Nematode Pests
225(2)
6 Synergistic Effect of PGPR Strain Mixtures
227(1)
7 PGPR as Endophytes
227(1)
8 Mode of Action of Pseudomonas Against Fungal Pathogens
228(1)
9 Plant Diseases Control by P. fluorescens
229(3)
10 Interaction of P. fluorescens With Chemical Pesticides
232(1)
11 Formulation Characteristics of Biopesticides
233(1)
12 Approved Uses of P. fluorescens Formulations in India
233(3)
13 Regulation for Biopesticides
236(1)
14 Data Requirements for Biopesticides Registration
236(1)
15 Regulatory Mechanisms for Biopesticides
237(1)
16 Factors Affecting Growth of Biopesticides
238(1)
17 Future Issues and Research Needs in Biopesticides
238(7)
References
239(4)
Further Reading
243(2)
11 Crop Improvement Through Microbial Technology: A Step Toward Sustainable Agriculture
Pankaj Bhatt
Tapan K. Nailwal
1 Introduction
245(1)
2 Crop Production Scenario in World
246(1)
3 Crop Production in India
247(1)
4 Microbial Technology for Crop Production
247(2)
5 Microbial Biotechnology for Crop Production
249(1)
6 Conclusion
250(5)
Acknowledgment
251(1)
References
251(2)
Further Reading
253(2)
12 Microbial Technologies for Sustainable Crop Production
Chittranjan Bhatia
Prasun K. Mukherjee
1 Introduction
255(1)
2 Origin of Farming
256(1)
3 Urgent Need to Increase Sustainable Crop Productivity
256(1)
4 Undesired Effects of Increased Inputs of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides
257(1)
5 Rhizosphere Microbial Diversity
257(1)
6 Crop Production as an Energy Harvesting Process
257(1)
7 Root Exudates Support Microbial Populations in the Rhizosphere
258(1)
8 New Techniques
258(1)
9 Using Microbial Diversity for Enhanced Crop Production
258(1)
10 Registration and Commercial Issues
259(1)
11 Challenges of Microbial Products
260(1)
12 Conclusions and Outlook for the Future
260(3)
References
261(2)
13 Trichoderma: Its Multifarious Utility in Crop Improvement
Mujeebur R. Khan
Fayaz A. Mohiddin
1 Introduction
263(2)
2 Taxonomy of Trichoderma
265(6)
3 Factors Influencing Activity of Trichoderma Species
271(1)
4 Mechanism of Action of Trichoderma Species
272(4)
5 Plant Growth Promotion by Trichoderma Species
276(6)
6 Conclusion and Future Prospects
282(11)
References
282(9)
Further Reading
291(2)
14 Microbe-Mediated Enhancement of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Content for Crop Improvement
Manoj Nath
Deepesh Bhatt
Megha D. Bhatt
Ram Prasad
Narendra Tuteja
1 Introduction
293(1)
2 Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Mediated N and P Enhancement During Plant Microbe Interaction
294(4)
3 AMF and Enhancement of N and P in Plants
298(3)
4 Conclusions
301(4)
References
301(4)
15 Microbiome in Crops: Diversity, Distribution, and Potential Role in Crop Improvement
Ajar N. Yadav
Vinod Kumar
Harcharan S. Dhaliwal
Ram Prasad
Anil K. Saxena
1 Introduction
305(2)
2 Isolation and Characterization of Crop Microbiomes
307(3)
3 Diversity and Distribution of Crop Microbiomes
310(6)
4 Beneficial Role of Microbes in Crop Improvement
316(6)
5 Conclusion and Future Scope
322(11)
References
323(10)
16 Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): Perspective in Agriculture Under Biotic and Abiotic Stress
Ajay Kumar
Vipin K. Singh
Vijay Tripathi
Prem P. Singh
Amit K. Singh
1 Introduction
333(2)
2 Stress Conditions Affecting Plant Growth
335(1)
3 Role of PGPR Against Biotic Stress
335(2)
4 Role of PGPR in Mitigation of Draught and Salinity Stress
337(1)
5 Role of PGPR in Phytoremediation of Metal Contaminated Sites
338(1)
6 Conclusions
339(4)
References
340(2)
Further Reading
342(1)
17 Rhizosphere Metabolite Profiling: An Opportunity to Understand Plant-Microbe Interactions for Crop Improvement
Amit Verma
Satenura Kumar
Hemansi
Govind Kumar
Jitendra K. Saini
Ruchi Agrawal
Alok Satlewal
Mohammad W. Ansari
1 Introduction
343(1)
2 Plant Microbial Environment and Root Exudates
344(3)
3 Rhizosphere Metabolites
347(1)
4 Transcriptomics in Rhizosphere Study
348(3)
5 Metabolomics in Rhizosphere Study
351(5)
6 Future Prospects and Conclusion
356(7)
References
356(5)
Further Reading
361(2)
18 Phosphate-Solubilizing Pseudomonads for Improving Crop Plant Nutrition and Agricultural Productivity
Bala Rathinasabapathi
Xue Liu
Yue Cao
Lena Q. Ma
1 Phosphorus Nutrition for Crop Production
363(1)
2 Phosphate Solubilization by Rhizosphere Microorganisms
364(2)
3 Mechanisms of Phosphorus-Solubilizing Bacteria
366(3)
4 Use of Pseudomonads in Agriculture Products
369(4)
Acknowledgments
370(1)
References
370(2)
Further Reading
372(1)
19 Targeted Genome Editing for Crop Improvement in Post Genome-Sequencing Era
Chandra P. Singh
Navneet S. Chaudhary
Baskaran Kannan
Ratna Karan
1 Introduction
373(1)
2 Basic Mechanism of Genome Editing
374(1)
3 Double Strand Breaks (DSBs) and Repairing Pathways
374(2)
4 Sequence Specific Nucleases
376(6)
5 Application of Sequence Specific Nucleases in Plants
382(9)
References
385(4)
Further Reading
389(2)
20 Endophytic Microorganisms: Their Role in Plant Growth and Crop Improvement
Manju Sharma
Rekha Kansal
Dinesh Singh
1 Introduction
391(1)
2 Mode of Transmission
392(1)
3 Colonization
393(2)
4 Types of Endophytes
395(4)
5 Role of Endophytes in Crop Improvement
399(6)
6 Conclusion
405(10)
References
405(10)
21 Microbes in Crop Improvement: Future Challenges and Perspective
Kashyap K. Dubey
Punit Kumar
1 Introduction
415(1)
2 Microbes to as Biocontrol Control Plant Disease Control
416(1)
3 Antagonism
417(1)
4 Competition
417(2)
5 Induced Resistance
419(1)
6 Microbes as Biofertilization (Improved Plant Nutrient Availability)
419(1)
7 Nitrogen Fixation
419(1)
8 Phosphate Solubilization
420(1)
9 Plant Growth Promoting Hormones
420(1)
10 Enhanced Stress Tolerance
420(1)
11 Use and Commercialization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria
421(6)
References
423(4)
22 Plant-Microbe Interaction and Genome Sequencing: An Evolutionary Insight
Krishna K. Sharma
Deepti Singh
Bijender Singh
Sarvajeet S. Gill
Amarjeet Singh
Bhuvnesh Shrivastava
1 Introduction
427(1)
2 Host-Microbe and Microbe-Microbe Interaction
428(2)
3 Clavicipitaceous Endophytes and Their Role
430(1)
4 Effects on Disease Resistance and Susceptibility
431(1)
5 Roles in Plant Ecophysiology
431(1)
6 Class 2 Endophytes and Their Roles
431(1)
7 Symbiotically Derived Benefits to Endophytes
432(1)
8 Endophyte-Conferred Fitness Benefits and Ecological Adaptations of Plants
432(1)
9 Mechanisms of Stress Tolerance
433(1)
10 Class 3 Endophytes
433(1)
11 Class 4 Endophytes
434(1)
12 Host-Microbe Interaction and Plant Immunity
434(2)
13 Microbial Genome and Plant-Microbe Interaction
436(2)
14 Lifestyle Transition in Plant Pathogens
438(1)
15 Genome Evolution in Bacterial and Fungal Plant Pathogen
439(1)
16 Comparative Genomics to Study Plant-Pathogen Coevolution
440(2)
17 Metagenomic Analysis: Metadata of Obligate Biotrophs
442(1)
18 Conclusion and Future Prospects
443(8)
Acknowledgment
443(1)
References
443(6)
Further Reading
449(2)
23 Crop Breeding Using CRISPR/Cas9
Shigeo S. Sugano
Keishi Osakabe
Yuriko Osakabe
1 Introduction
451(1)
2 CRISPR/Cas9
452(2)
3 Molecular Breeding in Crop Plants Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System
454(3)
4 Potential Problems With Crop Breeding By Genome Editing
457(3)
5 Conclusion
460(5)
References
460(5)
24 Bioprospecting PGPR Microflora by Novel Immunobased Techniques
Ruchi Agrawal
Amit Verma
Alok Satlewal
1 Introduction
465(1)
2 Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
466(1)
3 Bioprospecting Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria
467(1)
4 Recent Techniques for PGPR Detection/Characterization
468(1)
5 Molecular Techniques
468(3)
6 Immunological Methods
471(3)
7 Conclusion
474(5)
References
474(5)
Index 479
Dr. Ram Prasad is an Associate Professor at Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Bihar, India. Dr. Prasad has served as an Assistant Professor Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India; Visiting Assistant Professor, Whiting School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States, and Research Associate Professor at School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Dr. Prasad has more than two hundred publications to his credit, including research papers, review articles, and book chapters; has edited or authored several books; and has five patents issued or pending. Hes on the editorial boards of a number of journals, and his research interests include plant-microbe interaction, agriculture sustainability, nanobiotechnology, and applied microbiology.

Dr. Sarvajeet Singh Gill is an Assistant Professor at Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak. His research focus includes Agricultural Plant Biotechnology; Biotic & Abiotic stress biology, plant microbe interaction and in-silico understanding of plant genomes. In addition to his research and teaching responsibilities he has served as Associate Editor for the Brazilian Journal of Botany, and as Guest Editor of Plant Genes. He was Guest Editor of BioMed Research Internationals Special Issue (Plant Stress & Biotechnology); Frontiers in Plant Science, Section-Environmental Toxicology (Topic Title: Phytotoxicity of high and low levels of plant-beneficial heavy metal ions); Frontiers in Plant Science, Section-Crop Science and Horticulture (Topic Title: The Brassicaceae - agri-horticultural and environmental perspectives); Frontiers in Plant Science, Section-Plant Physiology (Topic Title: Recent insights into the double role of hydrogen peroxide in plants); and Functional Genomics Approaches to Decipher Plant Resilience to Environmental Stresses (International Journal of Plant Genomics). An elected fellow of numerous national and international academies, Dr. Narendra Tuteja is currently Professor and head at Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, NOIDA, India, and visiting Scientist at International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India. He has made significant contributions to crop improvement under adverse conditions, reporting the first helicase from plant and human cells and demonstrating new roles of Ku autoantigen, nucleolin and eIF4A as DNA helicases. Furthermore, he discovered novel functions of helicases, G-proteins, CBL-CIPK and LecRLK in plant stress tolerance, and PLC and MAP-kinase as effectors for G and G G-proteins. Narendra Tuteja also reported several high salinity stress tolerant genes from plants and fungi and developed salt/drought tolerant plants.
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