| Editors' Preface |
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v | |
| Contributors |
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xi | |
| Introduction: Some Personal Reflections -- Priest |
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xiii | |
| Original Material |
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xix | |
| First Edition Front Matter [ Abridged] |
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xxiii | |
| Acknowledgements |
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xxiii | |
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Chapter 2 Exploring Meinong's jungle and beyond. II. Existence and identity when times change |
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1 | (66) |
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§ 1 Existence is existence now |
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1 | (4) |
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§ 2 Enlarging on some of the chronological inadequacies of classical logic and its metaphysical basis, the Reference Theory |
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5 | (6) |
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§ 3 Change and identity over time; Heracleitean and Parmenidean problems for chronological logics |
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11 | (7) |
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§ 4 Developing a nonmetrical neutral chronological logic |
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18 | (30) |
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§ 5 Further corollaries of noneism for the philosophy of time |
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48 | (19) |
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1 Reality questions: the reality of time? |
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48 | (2) |
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2 Against the subjectivity of time: initial points |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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4 Alleged relativistic difficulties about the present time and as to tense |
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53 | (3) |
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5 Time, change and alternative worlds |
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56 | (1) |
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6 Limitations on statements about the future, especially as to naming objects and making predictions? |
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57 | (4) |
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7 Fatalism and alternative futures |
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61 | (6) |
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Chapter 3 On what there isn't |
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67 | (20) |
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Chapter 4 Further objections to the theory of items disarmed |
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87 | (78) |
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§ 1 The theory of objects is inconsistent, absurd; Carnap's objections, and Hinton's case against Meinongianism |
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88 | (7) |
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§ 2 The attack on nonexistent objects, and alleged puzzles about what such objects could be |
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95 | (2) |
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§ 3 The accusation of platonism; being, types of existence, and the condition on existence |
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97 | (8) |
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§ 4 Subsistence objections |
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105 | (4) |
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§ 5 The defects of nonentities; the problem of relations, and indeterminacy |
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109 | (3) |
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§ 6 Nonentities are mere shadows, facades, verbal simulacra; appeal to the formal mode |
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112 | (4) |
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§ 7 Tooley's objection that the claim that there are nonexistent objects answering to objects of thought leads to contradictions |
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116 | (3) |
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§ 8 Williams' argument that fatal difficulties beset Meinongian pure objects |
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119 | (4) |
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§ 9 Further objections based on quantification and on features of truth-definitions |
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123 | (2) |
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§ 10 Findlay's objection that nonentities are lawless, chaotic, unscientific |
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125 | (2) |
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§ 11 Grossmann's case against Meinong's theory of objects |
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127 | (13) |
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§ 12 Mish'alani's criticism of Meinongian theories |
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140 | (4) |
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§ 13 A theory of impossible objects is bound to be inconsistent: and objections based on rival theories of descriptions |
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144 | (6) |
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§ 14 Identity again: Lambert's challenge and how Quine hits back |
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150 | (5) |
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§ 15 Further objections based on theories of descriptions |
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155 | (5) |
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§ 16 The charge that a theory of items is unnecessary: the inadequacy of rival referential programmes |
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160 | (5) |
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165 | (38) |
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§ 1 The mythological Meinong again, and further Oxford and North American misrepresentation |
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165 | (9) |
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§ 2 The Characterisation Postulate further considered, and some drawbacks of the consistent position |
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174 | (4) |
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§ 3 Interlude on the historical Meinong: evidence that Meinong intended his theory to be a consistent one, and some counter-evidence |
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178 | (5) |
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§ 4 The paraconsistent position, and forms of the Characterisation Postulate in the case of abstract objects |
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183 | (4) |
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§ 5 The bottom order Characterisation Postulate again, and triviality arguments |
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187 | (5) |
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§ 6 Characterising predicates and elementary and atomic proposi-tional functions, and the arguments for consistency and nontri-viality of theory |
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192 | (11) |
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Chapter 6 The theory of objects as commonsense |
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203 | (22) |
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§ 1 Nonreductionism and the Idiosyncratic Platitude |
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204 | (4) |
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§ 2 The structure of commonsense theories and commonsense philosophy |
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208 | (4) |
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§ 3 Axioms of commonsense, and major theses |
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212 | (4) |
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§ 4 No limitation theses, sorts of Characterisation Postulates, and proofs of commonsense |
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216 | (9) |
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1 No limitation (or Freedom) theses |
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216 | (3) |
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2 Characterisation (or Assumption) Postulates |
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219 | (6) |
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Chapter 7 The problems of fiction and fictions |
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225 | (88) |
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§ 1 Fiction, and some of its distinctive semantical features |
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228 | (10) |
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§ 2 Statemental logics of fiction: initial inadequacies in orthodoxy again |
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238 | (6) |
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§ 3 The main philosophical inheritance: paraphrastic and elliptical theories of fiction |
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244 | (13) |
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§ 4 Redesigning elliptical theories, as contextual theories |
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257 | (6) |
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§ 5 Elaborating contextual, and naive, theories to meet objections; and rejection of pure contextual theories |
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263 | (7) |
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§ 6 Integration of contextual and ordinary naive theories within the theory of items |
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270 | (6) |
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§ 7 Residual difficulties with the qualified naive theory: relational puzzles and fictional paradoxes |
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276 | (17) |
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276 | (14) |
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2 Fictional paradoxes and their dissolution |
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290 | (3) |
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§ 8 The objects of fiction: fictions and their syntax, semantics and problematics |
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293 | (7) |
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1 Common quantificational and second-order logics of fiction |
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293 | (2) |
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2 Avoiding reduced existence commitments and essentialist puzzles |
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295 | (2) |
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3 Transworld identity explained |
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297 | (2) |
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4 Duplicate objects characterised |
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299 | (1) |
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§ 9 Synopsis and clarification of the integrated theory: s-predicates and further elaboration |
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300 | (3) |
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§ 10 The extent of fiction, imagination and the like |
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303 | (10) |
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1 "Fictions" in the philosophical sense |
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304 | (1) |
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2 Imaginary objects, their features and their variety: initial theory |
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304 | (2) |
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3 Works of the fine arts and crafts, and their objects |
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306 | (2) |
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4 Types of media and literary fiction |
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308 | (2) |
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5 Fictional objects versus theoretical objects, and the mistake of fictionalism |
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310 | (1) |
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6 The incompleteness and "fictionality" of the theory of fictions advanced |
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311 | (2) |
| Bibliography |
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313 | (28) |
| Supplementary Essays |
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341 | (2) |
| A critique of Meinongian semantics -- Smart |
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343 | (10) |
| Routley's theory of fictions -- Reicher |
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353 | (30) |
| Routley's second thoughts -- Kroon |
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383 | (22) |
| Index |
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405 | |
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