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Numbers and Geometry 1998 ed. [Kietas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Hardback, 343 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 1520 g, XIV, 343 p., 1 Hardback
  • Serija: Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Oct-1997
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 0387982892
  • ISBN-13: 9780387982892
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 343 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 1520 g, XIV, 343 p., 1 Hardback
  • Serija: Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Oct-1997
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 0387982892
  • ISBN-13: 9780387982892
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
NUMBERS AND GEOMETRY is a beautiful and relatively elementary account of a part of mathematics where three main fields--algebra, analysis and geometry--meet. The aim of this book is to give a broad view of these subjects at the level of calculus, without being a calculus (or a pre-calculus) book. Its roots are in arithmetic and geometry, the two opposite poles of mathematics, and the source of historic conceptual conflict. The resolution of this conflict, and its role in the development of mathematics, is one of the main stories in the book. The key is algebra, which brings arithmetic and geometry together, and allows them to flourish and branch out in new directions. Stillwell has chosen an array of exciting and worthwhile topics and elegantly combines mathematical history with mathematics. He believes that most of mathematics is about numbers, curves and functions, and the links between these concepts can be suggested by a thorough study of simple examples, such as the circle and the square. This book covers the main ideas of Euclid--geometry, arithmetic and the theory of real numbers, but with 2000 years of extra insights attached. NUMBERS AND GEOMETRY presupposes only high school algebra and therefore can be read by any well prepared student entering university. Moreover, this book will be popular with graduate students and researchers in mathematics because it is such an attractive and unusual treatment of fundamental topics. Also, it will serve admirably in courses aimed at giving students from other areas a view of some of the basic ideas in mathematics. There is a set of well-written exercises at the end of each section, so new ideas can be instantly tested and reinforced.

Numbers and Geometry is a beautiful and relatively elementary account of a part of mathematics where three main fields--algebra, analysis and geometry--meet. This book gives a broad view of these subjects at the level of calculus. Its roots are in arithmetic and geometry, the two opposite poles of mathematics, and the source of historic conceptual conflict. The resolution of this conflict, and its role in the development of mathematics, is one of the main stories in the book.

Daugiau informacijos

Springer Book Archives
Preface vii
1 Arithmetic
1(36)
1.1 The Natural Numbers
1(3)
1.2 Division, Divisors, and Primes
4(3)
1.3 The Mysterious Sequence of Primes
7(2)
1.4 Integers and Rationals
9(4)
1.5 Linear Equations
13(4)
1.6 Unique Prime Factorization
17(3)
1.7 Prime Factorization and Divisors
20(3)
1.8 Induction
23(3)
1.9* Foundations
26(4)
1.10 Discussion
30(7)
2 Geometry
37(32)
2.1 Geometric Intuition
37(3)
2.2 Constructions
40(4)
2.3 Parallels and Angles
44(3)
2.4 Angles and Circles
47(3)
2.5 Length and Area
50(3)
2.6 The Pythagorean Theorem
53(3)
2.7 Volume
56(3)
2.8* The Whole and the Part
59(5)
2.9 Discussion
64(5)
3 Coordinates
69(42)
3.1 Lines and Circles
69(3)
3.2 Intersections
72(5)
3.3 The Real Numbers
77(5)
3.4 The Line
82(3)
3.5 The Euclidean Plane
85(4)
3.6 Isometries of the Euclidean Plane
89(4)
3.7 The Triangle Inequality
93(2)
3.8* Klein's Definition of Geometry
95(5)
3.9* The Non-Euclidean Plane
100(5)
3.10 Discussion
105(6)
4 Rational Points
111(32)
4.1 Pythagorean Triples
111(2)
4.2 Pythagorean Triples in Euclid
113(3)
4.3 Pythagorean Triples in Diophantus
116(4)
4.4 Rational Triangles
120(4)
4.5 Rational Points on Quadratic Curves
124(3)
4.6* Rational Points on the Sphere
127(4)
4.7* The Area of Rational Right Triangles
131(5)
4.8 Discussion
136(7)
5 Trigonometry
143(34)
5.1 Angle Measure
143(4)
5.2 Circular Functions
147(5)
5.3 Addition Formulas
152(4)
5.4 A Rational Addition Formula
156(3)
5.5* Hilbert's Third Problem
159(2)
5.6* The Dehn Invariant
161(4)
5.7* Additive Functions
165(3)
5.8* The Tetrahedron and the Cube
168(3)
5.9 Discussion
171(6)
6 Finite Arithmetic
177(38)
6.1 Three Examples
177(2)
6.2 Arithmetic mod n
179(4)
6.3 The Ring Z/nZ
183(3)
6.4 Inverses mod n
186(4)
6.5 The Theorems of Fermat and Wilson
190(4)
6.6 The Chinese Remainder Theorem
194(3)
6.7 Squares mod p
197(3)
6.8* The Quadratic Character of -- 1 and 2
200(3)
6.9* Quadratic Reciprocity
203(5)
6.10 Discussion
208(7)
7 Complex Numbers
215(32)
7.1 Addition, Multiplication, and Absolute Value
215(4)
7.2 Argument and the Square Root of -- 1
219(4)
7.3 Isometries of the Plane
223(4)
7.4 The Gaussian Integers
227(3)
7.5 Unique Gaussian Prime Factorization
230(3)
7.6 Fermat's Two Squares Theorem
233(4)
7.7* Factorizing a Sum of Two Squares
237(1)
7.8 Discussion
238(9)
8 Conic Sections
247(34)
8.1 Too Much, Too Little, and Just Right
247(4)
8.2 Properties of Conic Sections
251(4)
8.3 Quadratic Curves
255(5)
8.4* Intersections
260(3)
8.5 Integer Points on Conics
263(4)
8.6 Square Roots and the Euclidean Algorithm
267(4)
8.7* Pell's Equation
271(4)
8.8 Discussion
275(6)
9 Elementary Functions
281(30)
9.1 Algebraic and Transcendental Functions
281(3)
9.2 The Area Bounded by a Curve
284(3)
9.3 The Natural Logarithm and the Exponential
287(5)
9.4 The Exponential Function
292(3)
9.5 The Hyperbolic Functions
295(3)
9.6 The Pell Equation Revisited
298(5)
9.7 Discussion
303(8)
Bibliography 311(6)
Index 317