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Optimizing the Operation of a Multiple Reservoir System in the Eastern Nile Basin Considering Water and Sediment Fluxes [Minkštas viršelis]

(IHE Institute of Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 172 pages, aukštis x plotis: 240x170 mm, weight: 317 g
  • Serija: IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-Sep-2020
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367564416
  • ISBN-13: 9780367564414
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Optimizing the Operation of a Multiple Reservoir System in the Eastern Nile Basin Considering Water and Sediment FluxesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 172 pages, aukštis x plotis: 240x170 mm, weight: 317 g
  • Serija: IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-Sep-2020
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367564416
  • ISBN-13: 9780367564414
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780367564414.html
Raktažodžiai:

The Eastern Nile riparian countries Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan are currently developing several reservoir projects to contribute to the needs for energy and food production in the region. The Nile Basin, particularly the Eastern Nile Sub-basin, is considered one of a few international river systems with potential conflicts between riparian countries. In the absence of formal mechanisms for collaboration, the transboundary nature of this basin makes sound water resources development challenging. The large seasonal and inter-annual variability of the river flow exacerbates those challenges. A further complication is the high sediment load in the Eastern Nile rivers during the high flow season.

This study contributes to fill relevant knowledge gaps through a better understanding of the methods needed for a complex system of multipurpose reservoirs, considering both water quantity and sediment load. The study quantifies the impacts of water resources development in the Eastern Nile basin and identifies system management options at both regional and country level. Developing a collaborative and unified perspective of the countries towards new projects can be beneficial for all. New operation rules are proposed for improving operation of the current system when new infrastructures are developed and operated either unilaterally or, ideally, cooperatively.

Acknowledgements v
Summary vii
Samenvatting xiii
Contents xix
1 Introduction
1(6)
1.1 Background
2(2)
1.2 Objectives
4(1)
1.3 Thesis outlines
5(2)
2 Study area
7(14)
2.1 The Nile River basin
8(1)
2.2 The Eastern Nile sub-basins
9(6)
2.2.1 The Blue Nile sub-basin
9(2)
2.2.2 Baro-Akobo-Sobat sub-basin
11(1)
2.2.3 Tekeze - Atbara sub-basin
12(1)
2.2.4 The Main Nile sub-basin
13(2)
2.3 Reservoirs, hydropower plants and irrigation projects
15(1)
2.4 Cooperative programs and projects for water resources development within the Nile basin
16(5)
3 Nile River Basin modelling for water resources management - a literature review
21(2)
3.1 Reservoir-river system analysis models
22(1)
32 Previous studies in the Nile basin
23(16)
3.2.1 River basin simulation models of the Nile
23(5)
3.2.2 Optimization models of the Nile
28(3)
3.2.3 Combined simulation and optimization models of the Nile basin
31(3)
3.3 Studies on management of trans-boundary river basins
34(1)
3.4 Reservoir sedimentation analysis models
35(2)
3.5 Concluding remarks
37(2)
4 Development of the Eastern Nile simulation model using RIBASIM
39(22)
4.1 Introduction
40(1)
4.2 Materials and methods
41(5)
4.2.1 Model and data
41(5)
4.22 Simulation model
46(3)
4.2.3 Simulation cases
47(1)
4.2.4 Model assumptions
48(1)
4.2.5 Model calibration and validation
49(1)
4.3 Results and analysis
49(9)
4.3.1 Model validation results
50(2)
4.3.2 Hydropower generation
52(2)
4.3.3 Irrigation development
54(1)
4.3.4 Net evaporation losses from reservoirs
55(2)
4.3.5 Stream flow hydrographs
57(1)
4.4 Conclusion
58(3)
5 Development of the Eastern Nile optimization model using Genetic Algorithm (GA)
61(22)
5.1 Introduction
62(2)
5.2 Materials and methods
64(9)
5.2.1 The Eastern Nile Optimization Model (ENOM)
64(1)
5.2.1.1 Decision variables
64(1)
5.2.1.2 Objective function
65(1)
5.2.1.3 Constraints
65(5)
5.2.2 Scenario development
70(1)
5.2.3 Hydrological conditions considered
71(1)
5.2.4 Model parameters and assumptions
72(1)
5.3 Results and discussion
73(7)
5.3.1 Cooperative versus non-cooperative system management
73(5)
5.3.2 Hydrologic sensitivity
78(2)
5.4 Conclusions
80(3)
6 Development of the Eastern Nile reservoirs system sedimentation model
83(26)
6.1 Introduction
84(2)
6.2 Methodology
86(8)
6.2.1 Reservoir system sediment management simulation model
88(3)
6.2.2 Optimization model
91(3)
6.3 Study and scenario development
94(6)
6.3.1 Case study
94(3)
6.3.2 Scenario development
97(1)
6.3.3 Model parameters and assumptions for the case study
98(2)
6.4 Results and discussion
100(7)
6.5 Sensitivity analysis
107(1)
6.6 Conclusions
108(1)
7 Conclusions and Recommendations
109(10)
7.1 Nile River Basin modelling to support water resources management
110(1)
7.2 The Eastern Nile Modelling using Ribasim
111(2)
7.3 Benefits Distribution of Water Resources Development from Optimal Operation of the Eastern Nile System
113(2)
7.4 Development of the Eastern Nile Reservoir System Sedimentation Model-including an Application to Roseires dam
115(1)
7.5 Summary and Recommendations
116(3)
8 Appendices
119(26)
8.1 Appendix-I Study area
120(3)
8.2 Appendix-II Literature review
123(7)
8.3 Appendix-III Eastern Nile modelling using RIBASIM
130(9)
8.4 Appendix-IV Eastern Nile reservoirs system optimization
139(3)
8.5 Appendix-V Reservoir sedimentation
142(3)
References 145(14)
List of acronyms 159(4)
List of symbols 163(4)
List of Tables 167(2)
List of Figures 169(2)
About the author 171
Eng. Reem Fikri Mohamed Osman Digna is a lecturer of water resource engineering at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Khartoum (UofK). Her research work focuses on mathematical models for decision making in support of water resources planning and management, urban flood analysis, and water distribution systems simulation and optimization. Reem graduated from Civil Engineering with First Class Honor from UofK in 2002. She worked as teaching assistant at the same university, conducting tutorials and organizing laboratory work. Following her MSc degree in water resources engineering from the University of Khartoum in 2008, she was appointed lecturer, teaching undergraduate courses of hydrology, fluid mechanics, and hydraulics, and the graduate course of numerical methods and application in water resources modeling. She is a member of Water Research Center (WRC) at UofK, where she also is the focal person of the Nile Basin Decision Support System Stakeholders Community. In 2012 Reem joined UNESCO-IHE (now IHE Delft) as PhD fellow with a research focused on optimizing the Eastern Nile multiple reservoir system. During her PhD, she participated in several international and regional conferences in Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, the Netherlands and Canada. She supervised BSc theses of two groups of female engineering students. She worked as coordinator (2013) for the Water Resources and Environmental Engineering MSc program. She also published in national and international journals.