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Overproduction of Truth: Passion, Competition, and Integrity in Modern Science [Kietas viršelis]

3.53/5 (29 ratings by Goodreads)
(Professor of Materials Chemistry, Vice Rector for Research, University of Milano Bicocca)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 170 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 199x137x15 mm, weight: 312 g, 6 grayscale line and 2 grayscale halftone figures
  • Išleidimo metai: 23-Aug-2018
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198799888
  • ISBN-13: 9780198799887
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 170 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 199x137x15 mm, weight: 312 g, 6 grayscale line and 2 grayscale halftone figures
  • Išleidimo metai: 23-Aug-2018
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198799888
  • ISBN-13: 9780198799887
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
The way science is done has changed radically in recent years. Scientific research and institutions, which have long been characterized by passion, dedication and reliability, have increasingly less capacity for more ethical pursuits, and are pressed by hard market laws. From the vocation of a few, science has become the profession of many -- possibly too many. These trends come with consequences and risks, such as the rise in fraud, plagiarism, and in particular the sheer volume of scientific publications, often of little relevance. The solution? A slow approach with more emphasis on quality rather than quantity that will help us to rediscover the essential role of the responsible scientist.

This work is a critical review and assessment of present-day policies and behavior in scientific production and publication. It touches on the tumultuous growth of scientific journals, in parallel with the growth of self-declared scientists over the world. The author's own reflections and experiences help us to understand the mechanisms of contemporary science. Along with personal reminiscences of times past, the author investigates the loopholes and hoaxes of pretend journals and nonexistent congresses, so common today in the scientific arena. The book also discusses the problems of bibliometric indices, which have resulted in large part from the above distortions of scientific life.

Recenzijos

This is an excellent book exploring the growth and impact of science, scientific research, and scientists. Are there too many journals? Too many scientists? Is there too much pressure on scientists to publish, and can scientists be trusted? Pacchioni's book is timely as truth is increasingly viewed as subjective rather than objective. * R. E. Buntrock, Choice Connect * Gianfranco Pacchioni has produced a sharp book that touches upon a very hot subject which has caused broad concern among committed scientists: the exponential increase in the number of journals and published papers, and the ever increasing use (or abuse) of bibliometric numerical indices. One could hardly put together a better lineup of timely topics. I imagine there could be as many interested readers in this book as there are scientists around the world. * Angelo Gavezzotti, Professor (Ret.), Department of Chemistry, University of Milano * Pacchionis eminently readable description of the structure and practice of modern science, including many of its foibles, will be added to my recommended reading list for scientific neophytes, veteran practitioners and those seeking to understand how modern science works. In an easy and elegant style he covers the full range of scientific activity including graduate training to the exigencies of employment, the execution of experiments, the culture of publishing, the ramifications of explosion of the scientific population and the unfortunate examples of fraud. Highly recommended. * Joel Bernstein, Global Distinguished Professor of Chemistry, New York University Abu Dhabi *

Acknowledgements ix
Introduction 1(6)
1 No progress without basic research
7(14)
Science and technology change our way of life
9(4)
Back to the past!
13(3)
What is basic research for?
16(5)
2 The way we were: Doing science in the previous century
21(22)
Behind the Iron Curtain
22(7)
California, The Golden State
29(3)
`Deutschland uber alles'
32(1)
An instructive story
33(6)
End of the dispute
39(4)
3 Publish or perish
43(18)
How much do we publish?
44(4)
Mega-collaborations
48(2)
Start from scratch
50(2)
Law of survival
52(2)
Stories of plagiarism
54(4)
How widespread is plagiarism?
58(3)
4 Judges and defendants
61(22)
First level of judgement
63(3)
Appeals
66(3)
How many scientific journals?
69(1)
Open access
70(2)
Online piracy
72(1)
Not a bad business
73(2)
Publications at the supermarket?
75(3)
Ferroelectrics go bananas
78(2)
Irreproducible results
80(3)
5 Units of measurement
83(14)
Measuring the audience of scientists
85(3)
Improving the audience
88(1)
Use and abuse
89(1)
Fashion, emulation, homologation
90(3)
Tell me what your h-index is, I'll tell you who you are
93(2)
Do not blame your fever on your thermometer
95(2)
6 Are we too many?
97(20)
Midget versus giant congresses
100(2)
How many are we?
102(7)
Are we churning out too many PhDs?
109(2)
From endemic to pandemic
111(2)
Under pressure
113(4)
7 Famous frauds
117(20)
From PhD to Bell Labs
119(3)
`Plastic fantastic'
122(1)
A boy with golden hands
123(2)
An exciting ride!
125(2)
`Annus mirabilis'
127(2)
All true?
129(2)
`Game over'
131(1)
Whose fault was it?
132(1)
Just a few rotten apples?
133(4)
8 Do we still believe in science?
137(16)
False prophets, false alarms
140(1)
Science and democracy
141(3)
Where does science go?
144(4)
The ethics of science
148(1)
Let science be slow, but not too slow
149(4)
Endnotes 153
Gianfranco Pacchioni is Vice-Rector for Research at the University of Milano Bicocca. He received his Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry at the Free University of Berlin. He has worked at the IBM Almaden Research Center in California and at the Technical University of Munich. His main interests are theory and electronic structure of oxides (bulk, surface, thin films, nanostructures), supported metal clusters, materials for catalysis, photocatalysis and energy production.

Pacchioni has received various awards, including the Nasini Medal and the Pisani Medal of the Italian Chemical Society, the National Prize "Federchimica," the Alexander von Humboldt Award, and the Blaise Pascal Medal of the European Academy of Sciences. He is Fellow of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, the Academia Europaea, and the European Academy of Sciences.