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El. knyga: Oxford Desk Reference: Critical Care

Edited by (Consultant in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK), Edited by (Consultant and Honorary Senior Lect), Edited by (Consultant in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK)
  • Formatas: 629 pages
  • Serija: Oxford Desk Reference Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Nov-2008
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780191551994
  • Formatas: 629 pages
  • Serija: Oxford Desk Reference Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Nov-2008
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780191551994

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Critical care medicine is an evolving speciality in which the amount of available information is growing daily and spread across a myriad of books, journals and websites. This essential guide brings together this information in an easy-to-use format. Up-to-date, relevant, and evidence-based information on the management of the critically ill is combined in one resource, ideal for the use of Intensive Care Units, High Dependency Units, acute medical or surgical wards, Accident and Emergency departments and operating theatres.

The book is designed such that each subject will form a self-contained topic in its own right, laid out across two or four pages to facilitate the key aim of rapid and easy access to information. This makes the information included simple to find, read and absorb, so that the book can be consulted in the clinic or ward setting for information on the optimum management of a particular condition.

With chapters written by internationally renowned critical care specialists and edited by the three of the leading figures in UK Critical Care, this book should be an essential resource for all critical care physicians.
Abbreviations xiii
Contributors xix
Respiratory therapy techniques
1(50)
Oxygen therapy
2(4)
Ventilatory support: indications
6(2)
IPPV---description of ventilators
8(2)
IPPV---modes of ventilation
10(2)
IPPV---adjusting the ventilator
12(2)
IPPV---barotrauma
14(2)
IPPV---weaning techniques
16(2)
High-frequency ventilation
18(4)
Positive end-respiratory pressure
22(2)
Continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (CPAP)
24(2)
Recruitment manoeuvres
26(2)
Prone position ventilation
28(2)
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)
30(2)
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for adults in respiratory failure
32(2)
Tracheostomy
34(2)
Aftercare of the patient with a tracheostomy
36(2)
Chest drain insertion
38(2)
Pleural aspiration
40(2)
Flexible bronchoscopy
42(2)
Chest physiotherapy
44(2)
Humidification
46(2)
Heart-lung interactions
48(3)
Cardiovascular therapy techniques
51(12)
Defibrillation
52(2)
Temporary cardiac pacing
54(2)
Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation pump
56(2)
Cardiac assist devices
58(2)
Therapeutic cooling
60(3)
Renal therapy techniques
63(10)
Haemodialysis
64(4)
Haemo(dia)filtration
68(2)
Peritoneal dialysis (PD)
70(3)
Gastrointestinal therapy techniques
73(8)
Insertion of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in critical care
74(2)
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
76(2)
Nasojejunal feeding in critical care patients
78(3)
Nutrition
81(8)
Enteral nutrition
82(2)
Parenteral nutrition
84(2)
Immune-enhancing nutrition
86(3)
Respiratory monitoring
89(8)
Pulmonary function tests in critical illness
90(2)
End-tidal CO2 monitoring
92(2)
Pulse oximetry
94(3)
Cardiovascular monitoring
97(32)
ECG monitoring
98(4)
Arterial pressure monitoring
102(2)
Insertion of central venous catheters
104(2)
Common problems with central venous access
106(2)
Pulmonary artery catheter: indications and use
108(2)
Pulmonary artery catheter: insertion
110(2)
Echocardiography
112(4)
Clinical application of echocardiography in the ICU
116(2)
Doppler
118(2)
Pulse pressure algorithms
120(2)
Non-invasive methods
122(2)
Measurement of preload status
124(2)
Detection of fluid responsiveness
126(3)
Neurological monitoring
129(12)
Intracranial pressure monitoring
130(2)
Intracranial perfusion
132(2)
EEG and CFAM monitoring
134(4)
Other forms of neurological monitoring
138(3)
Fluids
141(12)
Crystalloids
142(2)
Colloids
144(2)
Sodium bicarbonate
146(4)
Blood
150(3)
Respiratory drugs
153(12)
Bronchodilators
154(2)
Nitric oxide
156(2)
Mucolytics
158(2)
Surfactant
160(2)
Helium-oxygen gas mixtures
162(3)
Cardiovascular drugs
165(28)
β-Adrenergic agonists
166(2)
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
168(2)
Vasodilators
170(4)
Vasopressors
174(2)
Antiarrhythmic agents
176(2)
Chronotropes
178(4)
Antianginal agents
182(2)
Antiplatelet agents
184(2)
Diuretics and the critically ill
186(4)
Levosimendan
190(3)
Gastrointestinal drugs
193(12)
H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors
194(2)
Antiemetics
196(2)
Gut motility agents
198(2)
Antidiarrhoeals
200(2)
Constipation in critical care
202(3)
Neurological drugs
205(14)
Opioid and non-opioid analgesics in the ICU
206(2)
Sedation management in ICU
208(2)
Muscle relaxants
210(2)
Anticonvulsant drugs
212(2)
Cerebroprotective agents
214(2)
Mannitol and hypertonic saline
216(3)
Haematological drugs
219(8)
Anticoagulants and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
220(4)
Thrombolysis
224(2)
Antifibrinolytics
226(1)
Miscellaneous drugs
227(12)
Antibiotics
228(2)
Antifungals
230(2)
Antiviral agents
232(2)
N-Acetylcysteine
234(2)
Activated protein C
236(3)
Resuscitation
239(8)
Basic and advanced resuscitation
240(2)
Post-cardiac arrest management
242(2)
Fluid challenge
244(3)
Respiratory disorders
247(36)
Upper airway obstruction
248(2)
Respiratory failure
250(2)
Pulmonary collapse and atelectasis
252(2)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
254(2)
ARDS: diagnosis
256(2)
ARDS: general management
258(2)
ARDS: ventilatory management
260(2)
Asthma
262(2)
Asthma: ventilatory management
264(2)
Pneumothorax
266(2)
Empyema
268(2)
Haemoptysis
270(2)
Inhalation injury
272(2)
Pulmonary embolism
274(2)
Community-acquired pneumonia
276(2)
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
278(2)
Pulmonary hypertension
280(3)
Cardiovascular disorders
283(28)
Hypertension
284(4)
Tachyarrhythmias
288(2)
Bradyarrhythmias
290(2)
Myocardial infarction: diagnosis
292(2)
NSTEMI
294(2)
STEMI
296(4)
Acute heart failure: assessment
300(4)
Acute heart failure: management
304(4)
Bacterial endocarditis
308(3)
Renal disorders
311(6)
Prevention of acute renal failure
312(2)
Diagnosis of acute renal failure
314(3)
Gastrointestinal disorders
317(30)
Vomiting and gastric stasis/gastroparesis
318(2)
Gastric erosions
320(2)
Diarrhoea
322(2)
Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (non-variceal)
324(2)
Bleeding varices
326(2)
Intestinal perforation
328(2)
Intestinal obstruction
330(2)
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
332(2)
Colitis
334(2)
Intra-abdominal sepsis
336(2)
Pancreatitis
338(2)
Acute acalculous cholecystitis
340(2)
Splanchnic ischaemia
342(2)
Abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome
344(3)
Hepatic disorders
347(12)
Jaundice
348(2)
Acute liver failure
350(2)
Hepatic encephalopathy
352(2)
Chronic liver failure
354(2)
Abnormal liver function tests
356(3)
Neurological disorders
359(28)
Agitation and confusion
360(2)
Status epilepticus
362(2)
Meningitis
364(2)
Intracerebral haemorrhage
366(2)
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
368(2)
Ischaemic stroke
370(2)
Guillain-Barre syndrome
372(2)
Myasthenia gravis
374(2)
ICU neuromuscular disorders
376(2)
Tetanus
378(2)
Botulism
380(2)
Neurorehabilitation
382(2)
Hyperthermias
384(3)
Haematological disorders
387(22)
Bleeding disorders
388(4)
Anaemia in critical care
392(2)
Sickle cell anaemia
394(2)
Haemolysis
396(2)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
398(2)
Neutropenic sepsis
400(4)
Haematological malignancies in the ICU
404(2)
Coagulation monitoring
406(3)
Metabolic disorders
409(30)
Electrolyte disorders
410(4)
Hyponatraemia
414(2)
Hypernatraemia
416(2)
Categorizing metabolic acidoses
418(2)
Metabolic acidosis aetiology
420(2)
Metabolic alkalosis
422(4)
Glycaemic control in the critically ill
426(2)
Diabetic ketoacidosis
428(2)
Hyperosmolar diabetic emergencies
430(2)
Thyroid emergencies: thyroid crisis/thyrotoxic storm
432(2)
Thyroid emergencies: myxoedema coma
434(2)
Hypoadrenal crisis
436(3)
Poisoning
439(6)
Management of acute poisoning
440(5)
Shock
445(16)
Shock definition and diagnosis
446(4)
Hypovolaemic shock
450(2)
Cardiogenic shock
452(4)
Anaphylactic shock
456(2)
Septic shock: pathogenesis
458(3)
Infection and inflammation
461(20)
Pathophysiology of sepsis and multi-organ failure
462(2)
Infection control---general principles
464(2)
HIV
466(2)
Severe falciparum malaria
468(2)
Vasculitides in the ICU
470(2)
Source control
472(2)
Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD)
474(2)
Markers of infection
476(2)
Adrenal insufficiency and sepsis
478(3)
Trauma and burns
481(16)
Initial management of major trauma
482(2)
Head injury
484(2)
Spinal trauma
486(2)
Chest trauma
488(2)
Pelvic trauma
490(2)
Burns---fluid management
492(2)
Burns---general management
494(3)
Physical disorders
497(10)
Hypothermia
498(2)
Drowning and near-drowning
500(2)
Rhabdomyolysis
502(2)
Pressure sores
504(3)
Pain and post-operative intensive care
507(10)
Pain management in ICU
508(2)
Intensive care for the high risk surgical patient
510(2)
The acute surgical abdomen in the ITU
512(2)
The medical patient with surgical problems
514(3)
Obstetric emergencies
517(12)
Pre-eclampsia
518(2)
Eclampsia
520(2)
Hellp syndrome
522(2)
Postpartum haemorrhage
524(2)
Amniotic fluid embolism
526(3)
Death and dying
529(12)
Confirming death using neurological criteria (brainstem death)
530(2)
Withdrawing and withholding treatment
532(2)
The potential heart-beating organ donor
534(4)
Non-heart-beating organ donation
538(3)
ICU organization and management
541(50)
Consent on the ICU
542(2)
Rationing in critical care
544(2)
ICU layout
546(2)
Medical staffing in critical care
548(2)
ICU staffing: nursing
550(4)
ICU staffing: supporting professions
554(2)
Fire safety
556(4)
Legal issues and the Coroner
560(4)
Patient safety
564(4)
Severity of illness scoring systems
568(2)
Comparison of ICUs
570(2)
Critical care disaster planning
572(2)
Health technology assessment
574(2)
Transfer of the critically ill patient
576(4)
Aeromedical evacuation
580(2)
Outreach
582(2)
Medical emergency teams
584(2)
Critical care follow-up
586(2)
Managing antibiotic resistance
588(3)
Appendix
591(2)
Respiratory physiology
592(1)
Index 593