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El. knyga: Palaeopathology

4.43/5 (48 ratings by Goodreads)
(University College London)
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Palaeopathology is designed to help bone specialists with diagnosis of diseases in skeletal assemblages. It suggests an innovative method of arriving at a diagnosis in the skeleton by applying what are referred to as 'operational definitions'. The aim is to ensure that all those who study bones will use the same criteria for diagnosing disease, which will enable valid comparisons to be made between studies. This book is based on modern clinical knowledge and provides background information so that those who read it will understand the natural history of bone diseases, and this will enable them to draw reliable conclusions from their observations. Details of bone metabolism and the fundamentals of basic pathology are also provided, as well as a comprehensive and up-to-date bibliography. A short chapter on epidemiology provides information on how best to analyze and present the results of a study of human remains.

Recenzijos

"Researchers would want to use this text in the field, to introduce advanced undergraduates to the sub-discipline, and as a starting point for bridging anthropological and clinical data within their own research products." -PaleoAnthropology "This very well written and comprehensive volume should prove useful to anyone attempting to diagnose disease from ancient human remains." -Douglas Ubelaker, Journal of Anthropological Research

Daugiau informacijos

Based on modern clinical knowledge Palaeopathology is designed to help bone specialists with diagnosis of diseases in skeletal assemblages.
List of Figures
xiii
Preface xv
Introduction and Diagnosis
1(11)
Diagnosis in Palaeopathology
2(5)
Other Comparisons
7(2)
A Note on Health...
9(1)
... and Mummies
10(2)
Bone Metabolism and Pathology
12(12)
Types of Bone
12(2)
The Bone Matrix
14(1)
Bone Cells and Cytokines
14(3)
Bone Mass
17(1)
Remodelling
17(2)
Bone Pathology
19(2)
Pathology, Pseudopathology and Normal Variation
21(3)
Diseases of Joints, Part 1
24(22)
Osteoarthritis
26(2)
Precipitants of Osteoarthritis
28(2)
The Natural History of Osteoarthritis
30(3)
Diagnosis of Osteoarthritis
33(1)
Osteoarthritis at Individual Sites
34(5)
The Association Between Osteoarthritis and Other Conditions
39(1)
Rotator Cuff Disease and Intervertebral Disc Disease
40(5)
Schmorl's Nodes
45(1)
Diseases of Joints, Part 2
46(26)
Rheumatoid Arthritis
46(3)
The Natural History of Rheumatoid Arthritis
49(4)
Sero-Negative Arthropathies
53(1)
Erosive Osteoarthritis
53(3)
The Spondyloarthritides
56(1)
Ankylosing Spondylitis
57(3)
Reiter's Syndrome (Reactive Spondyloarthropathy)
60(2)
Psoriatic Arthropathy
62(3)
Enteropathic Arthropathy
65(1)
Undifferentiated Spondyloarthritides
66(1)
Juvenile Arthritis
66(1)
Gout
67(3)
Bunions
70(2)
Bone forming and DISH
72(11)
Bone Forming and Bone Formers
72(1)
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)
73(4)
Ossification in the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
77(1)
Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna
78(1)
Heterotopic Ossification
79(3)
Osteopetrosis
82(1)
Infectious Diseases
83(35)
Osteomyelitis
84(3)
Special Forms of Osteomyelitis
87(3)
Tuberculosis
90(7)
Leprosy
97(5)
Venereal Syphilis
102(2)
The Origins of Syphilis
104(1)
Changes in the Skeleton
105(4)
Poliomyelitis
109(1)
Smallpox
110(1)
Fungal Infections of Bone
111(1)
Parasitic Disease
111(2)
Non-Specific Infections
113(5)
Metabolic Diseases
118(20)
Osteoporosis
118(4)
Paget's Disease of Bone (PDB)
122(5)
Rickets and Osteomalacia
127(3)
Osteomalacia
130(1)
Scurvy
130(3)
Other Metabolic Diseases
133(5)
Thyroid Disease
134(1)
Hyperparathyroidism
134(2)
Diabetes
136(1)
Anaemia
136(2)
Trauma
138(30)
Fractures and Dislocations
138(3)
Fractures
141(14)
Treatment of Fractures
142(1)
Complications of Fractures
143(3)
Healing of fractures
146(2)
The Epidemiology of Fractures
148(3)
Comments of the Aetiology of Some Fractures
151(2)
Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)
153(2)
Dislocations and Subluxations
155(1)
Dislocation of the Shoulder
155(1)
Wounding
156(1)
Gunshot Wounds
157(1)
Amputation
158(3)
Trephination
161(1)
The Autopsy
162(3)
Legalised Trauma
165(3)
Beheading
165(1)
Hanging
165(3)
Tumours
168(23)
Epidemiology of Bone Tumours
168(2)
The Diagnosis of Tumours in Human Remains
170(1)
Benign Tumours
170(7)
Tumours Arising from Bone
171(3)
Tumours Arising from Cartilage
174(3)
Malignant Tumours
177(7)
Primary Malignant Bone Tumours
178(1)
The Periosteal Response to Malignant Bone Tumours
178(3)
Ewing's Sarcoma
181(3)
Metastatic Bone Tumours
184(7)
Diagnosing Secondary Tumours
189(2)
Disorders of Growth and Development
191(30)
Normal Growth
191(4)
Abnormal Growth and Development
195(1)
Dwarfism
195(26)
Pituitary Dwarfism
196(1)
Turner's Syndrome
197(1)
Achondroplasia
197(9)
Other Forms of Dwarfism
206(1)
Gigantism
207(1)
Disorders of Skull Growth
208(1)
Cleft Palate
209(1)
Developmental Disorders of the Hips
210(3)
Fibrous Dysplasia
213(2)
Kyphosis and Scoliosis
215(3)
Klippel-Feil Syndrome
218(1)
Other Spinal Anomalies
218(3)
Soft Tissue Diseases
221(15)
Cardio-Vascular Lesions
224(3)
Neurological Lesions
227(6)
Stones and Cysts
233(3)
Dental Disease
236(13)
Caries
236(2)
Ante-Mortem Tooth Loss
238(1)
Periodontal Disease
239(1)
Dental Calculus
240(1)
Periapical Cavities
241(2)
Developmental Defects of Enamel
243(2)
Ectopic Teeth and Morphological Variation
245(1)
Dental Tumours
246(1)
Dental Cysts
247(2)
An Introduction to Epidemiology
249(18)
Disease Frequency
249(9)
Incidence
250(2)
Prevalence
252(3)
Outcome Variables
255(1)
Missing Data
256(1)
Overall Prevalence
257(1)
Denominator-Free Methods
258(1)
Ranking
258(1)
Proportional Morbidity or Mortality Ratio
259(2)
Analytical Epidemiology
261(2)
Case-Control Studies in Palaeopathology
263(1)
Planning a Study
264(1)
A Note about Teeth
265(2)
Select Bibliography 267(2)
Index 269
Professor Tony Waldron teaches palaeopathology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. The author of about 300 peer-reviewed papers in medical, scientific, and archaeology journals, as well as books on occupational medicine and palaeoepidemiology, he is co-founder of the International Journal of Osteoarchaeology and served as co-editor for its first decade. He is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of London, the Royal Society of Medicine, the Institute of Biology, and the Royal Anthropological Institute.