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ix | |
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xiii | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xv | |
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1 Why a Book on Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction from Faunal Remains? |
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1 | (11) |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (4) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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2 Fundamentals of Ecology and Biogeocraphy |
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12 | (36) |
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14 | (7) |
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14 | (2) |
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16 | (5) |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (5) |
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26 | (5) |
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Ecological Succession and Climax |
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31 | (1) |
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What Is a Species to Do When the Environment Changes? |
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32 | (1) |
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Top-Down or Bottom-Up Ecology |
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33 | (12) |
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36 | (1) |
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Spatial and Temporal Scale |
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37 | (4) |
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Kinds of Paleoenvironmental Change |
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41 | (4) |
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Adaptation (Evolutionary Genetic) or Adjustment (Phenotypic Plasticity) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (29) |
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Assumption 1 Uniformitarianism |
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50 | (3) |
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Assumption 2 Nearest Living Relative |
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53 | (2) |
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Assumption 3 Ecological Tolerances |
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55 | (2) |
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Assumption 4 Taxonomic Presence/Absence |
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57 | (2) |
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Assumption 5 Faunal Composition |
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59 | (3) |
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Assumption 6 Taxonomic Identification |
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62 | (2) |
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Assumption 7 Sample Size and Taphonomy |
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64 | (2) |
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Assumption 8 Small Bodies or Large Bodies |
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66 | (2) |
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Assumption 9 Temporal Resolution |
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68 | (4) |
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72 | (3) |
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75 | (2) |
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4 Background of Select Paleozoological Samples |
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77 | (15) |
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78 | (5) |
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Paleoenvironmental Summary |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (7) |
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Paleoenvironmental Summary |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (2) |
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5 Environmental Reconstructions based on the Presence/Absence of Taxa |
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92 | (31) |
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93 | (1) |
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What about the Absence of a Taxon? |
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94 | (1) |
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From Faunal List to Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction |
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95 | (4) |
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99 | (8) |
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99 | (4) |
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Detrended Correspondence Analysis |
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103 | (2) |
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Other Ordination Techniques |
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105 | (2) |
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One Species at a Time (Usually) |
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107 | (6) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (5) |
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113 | (9) |
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114 | (5) |
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Mutual Climatic Range (Coexistence Approach) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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6 Environmental Reconstruction based on Taxonomic Abundances |
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123 | (32) |
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Taxonomic Presences or Abundances? |
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126 | (8) |
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Is the Analysis of Taxonomic Presences a Safer Alternative? |
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129 | (5) |
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How to Gain (or Lose) Confidence |
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134 | (1) |
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134 | (8) |
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Abundances of Indicator Taxa |
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135 | (3) |
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138 | (4) |
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142 | (1) |
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History of Analyzing Taxonomic Abundances |
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142 | (3) |
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Abundances of All Taxa in Assemblages |
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145 | (8) |
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Ordination of Taxonomic Abundances |
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145 | (4) |
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Other Techniques to Examine Abundances of All Taxa |
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149 | (4) |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (42) |
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Taxon Free: What It Is and What It Is Not |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (2) |
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160 | (11) |
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160 | (4) |
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Paleodietary Reconstruction |
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164 | (7) |
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171 | (25) |
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173 | (11) |
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184 | (12) |
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196 | (1) |
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8 Environmental Inferences Based on Taxonomic Diversity |
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197 | (37) |
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198 | (1) |
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How Is Diversity Quantified? |
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199 | (18) |
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201 | (12) |
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213 | (2) |
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215 | (2) |
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Which Metric Should I Choose? |
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217 | (1) |
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Practical Considerations with Fossil Data |
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217 | (5) |
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218 | (1) |
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Recovery and Analytical Methods |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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Differential Fragmentation |
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221 | (1) |
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Differential Skeletal Element Representation |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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Paleoenvironmental Implications of Taxonomic Diversity |
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222 | (8) |
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The Varied Response of Diversity to Environmental Gradients |
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223 | (5) |
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Paleoenvironmental Inferences |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (1) |
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Differential Identifiability |
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230 | (3) |
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Differential Fragmentation |
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230 | (1) |
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Skeletal Element Representation |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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Agent of Bone Accumulation |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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9 Transfer Functions and Quantitative Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction |
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234 | (32) |
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235 | (3) |
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238 | (19) |
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238 | (4) |
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Quantitative Bioclimatic Models |
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242 | (4) |
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246 | (5) |
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Tree Cover from Taxon-Free Characterizations |
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251 | (5) |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (8) |
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Further Cause for Concern |
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260 | (5) |
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265 | (1) |
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10 Size Clines as Paleoenvironmental Indicators |
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266 | (35) |
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Size Clines in Modern Organisms |
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268 | (5) |
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Bergmann's Rule: More than Just Temperature |
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268 | (4) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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Assumptions, Why Measure, and Method Basics |
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273 | (5) |
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274 | (2) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Size Clines as a Paleoenvironmental Proxy |
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278 | (21) |
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279 | (9) |
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Bergmann's Rule and Past Temperature Change |
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288 | (3) |
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Forage Availability and Predation in Large Herbivores |
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291 | (8) |
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299 | (2) |
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301 | (10) |
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Conservation Paleozoology |
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303 | (2) |
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Environments of Human Biological and Cultural Evolution |
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305 | (2) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (3) |
| Glossary |
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311 | (8) |
| References |
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319 | (76) |
| Index |
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395 | |
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