Preface and Dedication: With and Without |
|
ix | |
|
|
1 | (31) |
|
|
1 | (2) |
|
The Purposes, Aims and Focus of This Book |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
The Backdrop: Landscapes of Conflict |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
Person to Person Peacebuilding, Language Teaching, Peace Linguistics and Our Research |
|
|
7 | (4) |
|
Person to Person Peacebuilding and Intercultural Communication |
|
|
11 | (2) |
|
Peacebuilding and Intercultural Communication in Practice: The Example of International Educational Exchange Programs |
|
|
13 | (2) |
|
Peacebuilding and Intercultural Communication: Theory and Empirical Research |
|
|
15 | (3) |
|
Frameworks for Peacebuilding |
|
|
18 | (4) |
|
Methods, Projects, Participants |
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
Deductive Content and Critical Discourse Analysis |
|
|
22 | (4) |
|
An Online Project with Afghan English Learners: Participants |
|
|
26 | (3) |
|
|
29 | (3) |
|
2 Understandings of Peacebuilding and Intercultural Communication |
|
|
32 | (19) |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
Understandings of Peacebuilding |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
|
33 | (2) |
|
Perspectives from practice |
|
|
35 | (3) |
|
Peacebuilding in Practice: The UN Example |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Understandings of Intercultural Communication Competence |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
Intercultural Communication Competence across Peacebuilding Levels |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
The Personal Dimension of Peacebuilding and Intercultural Communicative Competence |
|
|
41 | (3) |
|
The Relational Dimension of Peacebuilding and Intercultural Communicative Competence |
|
|
44 | (3) |
|
The Structural Dimension of Peacebuilding and Intercultural Communicative Competence |
|
|
47 | (2) |
|
|
49 | (2) |
|
|
51 | (21) |
|
Context(s) and Our Research |
|
|
51 | (3) |
|
Context 1 Afghanistan, history and the lives of our Afghan participants |
|
|
54 | (4) |
|
Context 2 US-based graduate TESOL programs and our participants |
|
|
58 | (3) |
|
Context 3 The virtual intercultural borderlands of online exchange |
|
|
61 | (11) |
|
4 Person to Person Peacebuilding at the Personal Level |
|
|
72 | (21) |
|
The Personal Dimension of Peacebuilding |
|
|
72 | (3) |
|
Changes in Participants' Beliefs and Attitudes about Themselves: Resistance, Fear, Self-Confidence |
|
|
75 | (6) |
|
Changes in Participants' Beliefs and Attitudes about Others: Reconfiguring Perceptions, Out-Groups and In-Groups |
|
|
81 | (6) |
|
Changes in Participants' Beliefs and Attitudes about the World: Discursive Constructions of Afghanistan and Beyond |
|
|
87 | (3) |
|
Changes in Beliefs about Self, Others and the World |
|
|
90 | (3) |
|
5 The Relational Dimension of Person to Person Peacebuilding |
|
|
93 | (22) |
|
The Growing Nature of Relationships through Dialogue |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
Structuring Relationships: Starting from Similarities |
|
|
96 | (6) |
|
Structuring of Relationships: Embracing the Difference |
|
|
102 | (3) |
|
|
105 | (2) |
|
|
107 | (3) |
|
Maximizing Mutual Understanding: Empathy |
|
|
110 | (3) |
|
Resistance: Poorly Functioning Communication |
|
|
113 | (2) |
|
6 Person to Person Peacebuilding at the Structural Level |
|
|
115 | (31) |
|
Participants' Understandings of the Causes and Effects of Conflicts |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
Participants' understandings of the effects of conflict |
|
|
117 | (5) |
|
The demand for English as an effect of conflict |
|
|
122 | (3) |
|
Participants' Understandings of the Causes of Conflict |
|
|
125 | (1) |
|
Social actors and causes of conflict |
|
|
125 | (2) |
|
Differential access to resources: Technology |
|
|
127 | (2) |
|
Differential access to resources: English and `native speakers' |
|
|
129 | (2) |
|
Conflict and societal norms |
|
|
131 | (2) |
|
Understandings of Inclusion, Decision Making and Means to More Broadly Include Voices |
|
|
133 | (3) |
|
Understanding How Structural Discourses Enable and Constrain Individuals and Groups |
|
|
136 | (2) |
|
Ways to Create Conditions and Relations that Contribute to Social Justice and Peace |
|
|
138 | (4) |
|
Resistance and the Structural Level of Person to Person Peacebuilding |
|
|
142 | (3) |
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
7 Fostering Person to Person Peacebuilding While Teaching Language and Intercultural Communication |
|
|
146 | (23) |
|
Reflection, Writing and the Reflective Practitioner |
|
|
147 | (2) |
|
Activities: Guided reflection, modeling, sharing |
|
|
149 | (3) |
|
Understanding Differential Access to Resources |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
Activity: Access to resources |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
Exploring Identity, Leveraging Peacebuilding |
|
|
154 | (2) |
|
Activities: Exploring identities |
|
|
156 | (3) |
|
|
159 | (2) |
|
Activities: Agency in the classroom and in the virtual intercultural borderlands |
|
|
161 | (1) |
|
Activities: Agency beyond the classroom, beyond the virtual intercultural borderlands |
|
|
162 | (2) |
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
|
164 | (2) |
|
|
166 | (3) |
Afterword: August 2021 |
|
169 | (1) |
References |
|
170 | (19) |
Index |
|
189 | |