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Pharmacotherapeutics in General, Mental and Sexual Health [Kietas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Hardback, 444 pages, aukštis x plotis: 240x170 mm, weight: 858 g, 98 Tables, black and white; 13 Illustrations, black and white
  • Serija: Health, Medicine and Human Development
  • Išleidimo metai: 15-Mar-2012
  • Leidėjas: De Gruyter
  • ISBN-10: 3110255227
  • ISBN-13: 9783110255225
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pharmacotherapeutics in General, Mental and Sexual HealthDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 444 pages, aukštis x plotis: 240x170 mm, weight: 858 g, 98 Tables, black and white; 13 Illustrations, black and white
  • Serija: Health, Medicine and Human Development
  • Išleidimo metai: 15-Mar-2012
  • Leidėjas: De Gruyter
  • ISBN-10: 3110255227
  • ISBN-13: 9783110255225
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9783110255225.html
Raktažodžiai:
Primary care clinicians are called on to care for adolescents in a time with increasing pharmacologic agents that are available in the management of these patients. The emphasis in this book is on the current pharmacologic treatment of common medical disorders in adolescents. Selected topics of practical relevance in adolescent medicine are covered. The goal of this book is to provide a succinct and practical guide specifically written for practicing physicians and allied health professionals who work with adolescents.
Forword xvii
Contributors xix
Abbreviations xxi
1 Introduction - Adolescent medicine: Pharmacotherapeutics in general, mental, and sexual health
1(8)
Donald E. Greydanus
Joav Merrick
2 Overview on adolescence
9(30)
Donald E. Greydanus
2.1 Introduction
9(3)
2.1.1 Terminology
9(1)
2.1.2 Demography of adolescent population
10(1)
2.1.3 Normal adolescent sexuality stages
10(2)
2.1.4 The process of CNS maturation
12(1)
2.2 Puberty
12(3)
2.3 Sexual behavior
15(6)
2.3.1 Homosexuality
19(1)
2.3.2 Prevalence
20(1)
2.3.3 Caring for the gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered (GLBT) youth
21(1)
2.3.4 The adolescent sex offender
21(1)
2.4 Health status of adolescents
21(6)
2.4.1 Mental health
22(1)
2.4.2 Youth violence
23(1)
2.4.3 Mortality
24(1)
2.4.4 Homicide and suicide
24(1)
2.4.5 Motor vehicle accidents
25(1)
2.4.6 Abuse
25(1)
2.4.7 Dating violence
26(1)
2.4.8 Runaway and homeless youth
26(1)
2.5 Caring for adolescents
27(7)
2.5.1 Involvement of parents
27(6)
2.5.2 Confidentiality
33(1)
2.6 Immunizations
34(1)
2.7 Counseling
35(1)
2.8 Conclusions
35(4)
3 Concepts of health care in adolescents in the twenty-first century
39(16)
Patricia MacTaggart
3.1 Introduction
39(1)
3.2 Adolescents: The population
39(3)
3.2.1 Financing of the adolescent population
40(1)
3.2.2 Subgroups of the adolescent population
40(1)
3.2.3 Complexity of the adolescent population
41(1)
3.3 Use of modern health-ITs
42(2)
3.3.1 Text messaging
42(1)
3.3.2 Internet
42(1)
3.3.3 Multifaceted approaches
43(1)
3.4 Challenges: Use of modern health-ITs
44(3)
3.4.1 Accuracy and validity of data and data sources
44(1)
3.4.2 Privacy and security responsibilities
44(1)
3.4.3 Health literacy and health-IT literacy
45(1)
3.4.4 Cost and lack of revenue
46(1)
3.5 Opportunities: Use of modern health-ITs
47(4)
3.5.1 Provider-adolescent engagement at visit
47(1)
3.5.2 Provider-adolescent engagement between visits
47(2)
3.5.3 Provider-provider engagement
49(2)
3.6 Practicalities: Use of modern health-ITs
51(1)
3.7 Conclusions
52(3)
4 Principles of pharmacology
55(12)
Cynthia L. Feucht
Dilip R. Patel
4.1 Introduction
55(1)
4.2 Pharmacokinetics
55(5)
4.2.1 Absorption
55(1)
4.2.2 Distribution
56(1)
4.2.3 Metabolism
57(1)
4.2.4 Excretion
58(1)
4.2.5 Drug dosing and therapeutic drug monitoring
59(1)
4.3 Pharmacodynamics
60(1)
4.4 Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
61(3)
4.5 Conclusions
64(3)
5 Basic concepts of neurotransmission
67(12)
Dilip R. Patel
Cynthia L. Feucht
5.1 Introduction
67(1)
5.2 Neurotransmission
67(3)
5.2.1 The neuron
67(1)
5.2.2 The synapse
68(1)
5.2.3 Chemical neurotransmission
69(1)
5.3 Allosteric modulation
70(1)
5.4 Nonsynaptic (volume) neurotransmission
70(1)
5.5 Divergence and covergence
70(1)
5.5.1 Agonists and antagonists
70(1)
5.6 Major neurotransmitter systems
71(3)
5.6.1 Cholinergic system
71(1)
5.6.2 Dopaminergic system
71(1)
5.6.3 GABAergic system
72(1)
5.6.4 Glutamatergic system
73(1)
5.6.5 Noradrenergic system
73(1)
5.6.6 Serotonergic system
74(1)
5.7 Conclusions
74(5)
6 Genetics and adolescent medicine
79(14)
Helga V. Toriello
Ryan Rodarmer
Trudy McKanna
6.1 Introduction
79(1)
6.2 How genetic disease occurs
79(1)
6.3 Chromosomal inheritance
79(1)
6.4 Single gene disorders
80(1)
6.5 Multifactorial inheritance and complex traits
81(2)
6.6 Other etiologies
83(2)
6.6.1 UPD
83(1)
6.6.2 Imprinting
83(1)
6.6.3 Mitochondrial disorders
83(1)
6.6.4 Syndromes associated with SCD as an example
83(1)
6.6.5 Syndromes associated with the structurally normal heart
84(1)
6.6.6 Syndromes associated with the structural heart disease
84(1)
6.6.7 Factors to be considered regarding the syndromes associated with SCD
85(1)
6.7 Complex disorders: Behavioral phenotypes as an example
85(3)
6.7.1 Smoking behavior
85(1)
6.7.2 Alcohol and drug use
86(1)
6.7.3 Eating disorders
87(1)
6.8 Predispositional testing
88(1)
6.9 Conclusions
89(4)
7 Concepts of emergency care
93(6)
John D. Rowlett
Michael T. Simmons
7.1 Introduction
93(1)
7.2 Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS)
94(1)
7.3 Anaphylaxis
95(1)
7.4 Asthma
96(2)
7.5 Conclusions
98(1)
8 Concepts of surgical disorders in adolescents
99(46)
Saad Shebrain
Jacqueline Wegge
8.1 Introduction
99(1)
8.2 Abdominal surgery
99(26)
8.2.1 Esophagus
99(7)
8.2.2 Stomach
106(4)
8.2.3 Small bowel
110(11)
8.2.4 Billiary system
121(4)
8.3 Bariatric surgery
125(3)
8.3.1 Etiology
125(1)
8.3.2 Clinical presentation
125(1)
8.3.3 Workup
125(1)
8.3.4 Treatment
126(2)
8.3.5 Follow-up
128(1)
8.4 Abdominal wall hernias
128(2)
8.4.1 Etiology
128(1)
8.4.2 Clinical presentation
128(1)
8.4.3 Differential diagnosis
129(1)
8.4.4 Workup
129(1)
8.4.5 Treatment
129(1)
8.4.6 Follow-up
130(1)
8.5 Breast disease
130(2)
8.5.1 Breast mass
130(1)
8.5.2 Gynecomastia
131(1)
8.6 Endocrine surgery
132(4)
8.6.1 Thyroid disorders
132(3)
8.6.2 Adrenal tumors
135(1)
8.7 Skin and soft-tissue lesions
136(5)
8.7.1 Benign skin lesions
136(1)
8.7.2 Malignant lesions
137(2)
8.7.3 STSs
139(2)
8.8 Conclusions
141(4)
9 Concepts of psychotherapy in adolescents
145(12)
Helen D. Pratt
9.1 Introduction
145(1)
9.2 Definition
145(3)
9.3 Epidemiology
148(5)
9.3.1 Controversey surrounding the use of evidence-based treatment approaches
149(1)
9.3.2 Obstacles to psychopharmacotherapy
149(1)
9.3.3 Obstacles to psychotherapy
150(1)
9.3.4 Insurance providers
150(1)
9.3.5 Access to therapists
150(1)
9.3.6 Differential diagnosis
151(1)
9.3.7 Treatment modalities used with adolescents
151(2)
9.4 Management
153(1)
9.5 Conclusions
153(4)
MENTAL HEALTH
10 Substance abuse disorders
157(44)
Donald E. Greydanus
Cynthia L. Feucht
Elizabeth K. Hawver
10.1 Introduction
157(5)
10.2 Alcohol
162(9)
10.2.1 Alcohol abuse management
168(3)
10.3 Tobacco
171(8)
10.3.1 Management of tobacco abuse
172(7)
10.4 Marijuana
179(2)
10.5 Amphetamines
181(2)
10.5.1 Methamphetamine
182(1)
10.6 Cocaine
183(2)
10.6.1 Management of cocaine addiction
183(2)
10.7 Opioids
185(5)
10.7.1 Heroin
186(3)
10.7.2 Naltrexone
189(1)
10.7.3 Methadone
189(1)
10.7.4 Buprenorphine
190(1)
10.7.5 LAAM
190(1)
10.8 Hallucinogens
190(1)
10.9 MDMA (Ecstasy)
191(1)
10.10 Date rape drugs
192(1)
10.10.1 Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol®)
193(1)
10.10.2 CHB
193(1)
10.10.3 Ketamine
193(1)
10.11 Inhalant drugs
193(3)
10.12 Sedatives
196(1)
10.12.1 BZDs
196(1)
10.12.2 Barbiturates
196(1)
10.13 Conclusions
197(4)
11 Pharmacotherapy of adolescent attention deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) disorder
201(26)
Gabriel Kaplan
11.1 Introduction
201(1)
11.2 Assessment and treatment principles
202(2)
11.2.1 Diagnosis
202(1)
11.2.2 Diagnostic workup
202(1)
11.2.3 Discussing treatment options, medications, and monitoring with patients and caretakers
202(2)
11.3 Psychopharmacology of ADHD
204(1)
11.4 FDA-approved stimulant agents
205(7)
11.4.1 AMP preparations
207(1)
11.4.2 Short-acting AMP formulations (about 6 hours' duration)
207(1)
11.4.3 Long-acting AMP formulations (about 8-10 hours' duration)
207(1)
11.4.4 Prodrug formulation
208(1)
11.4.5 MPH preparations
209(1)
11.4.6 Oral short-acting MPH formulations (about 3-5 hours' duration)
210(1)
11.4.7 Oral intermediate-acting MPH formulations (about 8 hours' duration)
211(1)
11.4.8 Long-acting MPH formulations (about 12 hours' duration)
211(1)
11.4.9 MPH transdermal formulation
212(1)
11.5 Special safety considerations regarding stimulants
212(2)
11.5.1 Growth
212(1)
11.5.2 Tics
213(1)
11.5.3 Cardiovascular effects
213(1)
11.6 FDA-approved nonstimulant agents
214(3)
11.6.1 Atomoxetine (Strattera)
214(2)
11.6.2 Guanfacine XR (Intuniv)
216(1)
11.6.3 Clonidine XR (Kapvay)
216(1)
11.7 Non-FDA-approved treatments
217(1)
11.8 General treatment guidelines
217(4)
11.8.1 Child versus adolescent symptom presentation
217(1)
11.8.2 ADHD and driving
218(1)
11.8.3 Abuse potential
218(1)
11.8.4 Differential diagnosis versus comorbidity
218(1)
11.8.5 Pretreatment procedures
219(1)
11.8.6 Choosing a starting agent
219(1)
11.8.7 Short-versus long-acting stimulant formulations
219(1)
11.8.8 AMP versus MPH
219(1)
11.8.9 Medication titration
220(1)
11.8.10 What to do when side effects develop
220(1)
11.8.11 Nonimprovement using FDA-approved treatments
220(1)
11.8.12 Duration of successful treatment
220(1)
11.9 Summary
221(6)
12 Disorders of disruption, violence, and cognitive abilities
227(16)
Joseph L. Calles
Ahsan Nazeer
12.1 Introduction
227(1)
11.2 Definitions
227(2)
12.2.1 Disruptive behavior disorders
227(1)
12.2.2 ODD
227(1)
12.2.3 CD
228(1)
12.2.4 Developmental disorders (DDs)
228(1)
12.2.5 Aggression and violence
228(1)
12.3 Epidemiology
229(1)
12.4 Differential diagnosis
230(5)
12.4.1 SUDs
230(2)
12.4.2 GMCs
232(1)
12.4.3 Psychiatric disorders
233(1)
12.4.4 DDs
234(1)
12.5 Management
235(3)
12.5.1 SUDs
236(1)
12.5.2 GMCs
236(1)
12.5.3 Psychiatric disorders
237(1)
12.5.4 DDs
238(1)
12.6 Summary
238(5)
13 Mood disorders
243(12)
Joseph L. Calles
Ahsan Nazeer
13.1 Introduction
243(1)
13.2 Epidemiology
243(2)
13.3 Differential diagnosis
245(1)
13.4 Management
245(7)
13.4.1 Depressive disorders
245(3)
13.4.2 BDs
248(4)
13.4.3 Mood disorder NOS
252(1)
13.5 Conclusion
252(3)
14 Anxiety disorders
255(14)
Ahsan Nazeer
Joseph L. Calles
14.1 Introduction
255(3)
14.1.1 SAD
255(1)
14.1.2 Panic disorder
256(1)
14.1.3 GAD
256(1)
14.1.4 Social anxiety disorder
257(1)
14.1.5 OCD
257(1)
14.1.6 Specific phobia
257(1)
14.2 Epidemiology
258(1)
14.3 Differential diagnosis
258(1)
14.4 Management
259(6)
14.4.1 Role of parents
259(1)
14.4.2 Role of teachers
259(1)
14.4.3 Psychotherapy
260(1)
14.4.4 Pharmacotherapy
260(1)
14.4.5 SSRIs
260(2)
14.4.6 Other agents
262(2)
14.4.7 Treatment of comorbidities
264(1)
14.5 Conclusions
265(4)
15 Schizophrenia
269(16)
Ahsan Nazeer
Joseph L. Calles
15.1 Introduction
269(1)
15.1.1 Delusions
270(1)
15.1.2 Hallucinations
270(1)
15.1.3 Disorganized speech
270(1)
15.1.4 Disorganized behavior
270(1)
15.1.5 Negative symptoms
270(1)
15.2 Diagnosis
270(1)
15.2.1 Premorbid symptoms
271(1)
15.3 Epidemiology
271(1)
15.4 Differential diagnosis
272(2)
15.4.1 Substance use disorders (SUDs) and drug intoxications
272(1)
15.4.2 Bipolar disorder (BD)
273(1)
15.4.3 Anxiety disorder
274(1)
15.5 Treatment
274(5)
15.5.1 Consultations
274(2)
15.5.2 Atypical antipsychotics
276(1)
15.5.3 Clozapine
277(1)
15.5.4 Typical antipsychotics
277(2)
15.5.5 Psychosocial interventions
279(1)
15.6 Conclusions
279(6)
SEXUAL AND GYNECOLOGIC HEALTH
16 The adolescent breast
285(16)
Donald E. Greydanus
Stephanie Stockburger
Hatim A. Omar
16.1 Introduction
285(1)
16.2 Clinician's breast examination
285(1)
16.3 Congenital anomalies
286(1)
16.3.1 Athelia and amastia
286(1)
16.3.2 Polythelia and polymastia
286(1)
16.3.3 Other nipple anomalies
286(1)
16.4 Asymmetric breast development
287(1)
16.5 Underdeveloped breasts
287(1)
16.5.1 Tuberous breasts
288(1)
16.6 Virginal hypertrophy
288(1)
16.7 Breast masses
288(5)
16.7.1 Cystosarcoma phylloides
290(1)
16.7.2 Cystic breast disease
291(1)
16.7.3 Fibrocystic change
292(1)
16.8 Nipple discharge
293(5)
16.9 Summary
298(3)
17 Menstrual disorders in the adolescent female
301(30)
Donald E. Greydanus
Shawn Sorrel
Hatim A. Omar
17.1 Introduction
301(1)
17.1.1 Adolescent menstrual patterns
301(1)
17.2 Amenorrhea
302(15)
17.2.1 Amenorrhea in adolescent athletes
308(1)
17.2.2 Management of amenorrhea
309(1)
17.2.3 Management of PCOS
310(1)
17.2.4 DUB
311(3)
17.2.5 DUB management
314(1)
17.2.6 Absence of anemia or mild anemia
314(1)
17.2.7 Moderate anemia
315(1)
17.2.8 Management of DUB due to coagulation disorders
316(1)
17.2.9 Other DUB management options
317(1)
17.3 Dysmenorrhea
317(5)
17.3.1 Etiology
319(1)
17.3.2 Primary dysmenorrhea management
319(2)
17.3.3 Secondary dysmenorrhea
321(1)
17.4 Endometriosis
322(4)
17.4.1 Symptomatology
322(1)
17.4.2 Diagnosis
323(2)
17.4.3 Management of endometriosis
325(1)
17.5 PMS
326(3)
17.5.1 Management of PMS
328(1)
17.6 Summary
329(2)
18 Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
331(30)
Donald E. Greydanus
Jane Seyler
Hatim A. Omar
18.1 Introduction
331(3)
18.2 C. trachomatis
334(1)
18.3 Cervicitis
335(1)
18.4 Urethritis and epididymitis
336(1)
18.5 N. gonorrhoeae
336(1)
18.6 PID
337(3)
18.7 Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
340(1)
18.8 DGI
340(1)
18.9 HSV
341(2)
18.10 T. vaginalis
343(1)
18.11 BV
344(1)
18.12 HPV
345(3)
18.13 Vulvovaginitis
348(1)
18.14 Physiological leukorrhea
349(1)
18.15 C. albicans
349(2)
18.16 Miscellaneous STDs
351(3)
18.17 Homosexuality and STDs in adolescents 18.17.1 HIV/AIDS
354(5)
18.18 Conclusions
359(2)
19 Contraception in adolescents
361(26)
Donald E. Greydanus
Carolyn M. Lentzsch-Parcells
Hatim A. Omar
19.1 Introduction
361(3)
19.2 Oral contraceptives (OCPs; combined oral contraceptives [ COCs])
364(6)
19.2.1 Contraindications to OCPs/COCs
367(2)
19.2.2 Cardiovascular risks and OCPs
369(1)
19.2.3 OCPs and miscellaneous risks
370(1)
19.3 Transdermal hormonal contraception
370(1)
19.4 NuvaRing vaginal ring
371(1)
19.5 POPs
371(1)
19.6 ECs
371(1)
19.7 Injectable contraceptives
372(2)
19.8 IUD
374(1)
19.9 Barrier methods
375(2)
19.9.1 Diaphragm and vaginal spermicides
375(1)
19.9.2 Cervical cap
376(1)
19.9.3 Vaginal contraceptive sponge
377(1)
19.9.4 Female condom
377(1)
19.9.5 Male condom
377(1)
19.10 Summary
377(1)
19.11 Internet sites
377(10)
20 Adolescent pregnancy
387(14)
Donald E. Greydanus
Marlene Huff
Hatim A. Omar
20.1 Introduction
387(2)
20.2 Risks of adolescent pregnancy
389(3)
20.3 Risks for children of adolescents
392(2)
20.4 Adolescent fathers
394(1)
20.5 Abortion
394(1)
20.6 Prevention of adolescent pregnancy and pregnancy complications
394(1)
20.7 Mental health
395(1)
20.8 Conclusions
396(5)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
21 About the editors
401(2)
22 About the Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University/Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States
403(2)
23 About the Division of Adolescent Medicine at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
405(2)
24 About the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in Israel
407(4)
Index 411
Donald E. Greydanus, Dilip R. Patel, Michigan State University, Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies, Kalamazoo, United States; Hatim A. Omar, Division of Adolescent Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States; Cynthia Feucht, Ferris State University, School of Pharmacy, Kalamazoo, United States; Joav Merrick, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and Health Services, Ministry of Social Affairs, Jerusalem, Israel.