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Physical Properties of Materials, Third Edition 3rd edition [Kietas viršelis]

(Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 518 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 861 g, 33 Tables, black and white; 248 Line drawings, black and white; 27 Halftones, black and white; 273 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 18-Oct-2018
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138569178
  • ISBN-13: 9781138569171
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 518 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 861 g, 33 Tables, black and white; 248 Line drawings, black and white; 27 Halftones, black and white; 273 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 18-Oct-2018
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138569178
  • ISBN-13: 9781138569171
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:

Designed for advanced undergraduate students and as a useful reference book for materials researchers, Physical Properties of Materials, Third Edition establishes the principles that control the optical, thermal, electronic, magnetic, and mechanical properties of materials. Using an atomic and molecular approach, this introduction to materials science offers readers a wide-ranging survey of the field and a basis to understand future materials. The author incorporates comments on applications of materials science, extensive references to the contemporary and classic literature, and 350 end-of-chapter problems. In addition, unique tutorials allow students to apply the principles to understand applications, such as photocopying, magnetic devices, fiber optics, and more.

This fully revised and updated Third Edition includes new materials and processes, such as topological insulators, 3-D printing, and more information on nanomaterials. The new edition also now adds Learning Goals at the end of each chapter and a Glossary with more than 500 entries for quick reference.

Web Resource
The book’s companion website (www.physicalpropertiesofmaterials.com) provides updates to the further reading sections and links to videos made specifically by the author for this book. It also offers sources of demonstration materials for lectures and PowerPoint slides of figures from the book. Many of the features (all those under Student Resources) are freely available to all, including about 30 custom made videos that specifically complement the contents of the book. These videos are highlighted at the appropriate points in the text. The book website also has many links to relevant websites around the world, sorted by chapter, to be used by students, instructors and materials researchers.

Recenzijos

"The 3rd edition represents a further improvement of what is already an excellent book for not only students and instructors but also materials scientists. Reading this book is an effective way to gain a general understanding of the atomic and molecular origins of the main physical properties of materials."

~Dr. Yue Zhao, Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Canada

"Physical Properties of Materials is a comprehensive introductory text, covering the key topics in materials science/materials chemistry in a well-written format and with excellent examples that make materials science interesting to students. Physical Properties of Materials is the best book I know of that gets students interested and excited about materials science. For these reasons, I believe it to be the best introductory text on the subject."

~Dr. Mark Obrovac, Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Canada

Reviews of Second Edition:

"This book stands out as a unique resource for students and established scientists working at the modern materials/chemistry/technology interface. It conveys a tremendous amount of information and distills the physics and chemistry down to an intuitive level that can be appreciated by both developing scientists as well as more established scientists looking for a teaching aid/text or a tune-up in their own knowledge. This new edition includes many new state-of-the-art topics that have emerged as major fields over the last decade including carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, and spintronics. I defy the reader to not find many gems of insightful knowledge to enhance their understanding of the physical materials world."

~Timothy M. Swager, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA

"I am very impressed with the text. This text provides wonderful coverage of many of the basic properties of materials that we care about as scientists and as engineers."

~Paul C. Canfield, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, USA

"Mary Anne White wrote one of the most engaging introductory texts on materials science Professor White has now prepared an updated version of her book adding several new sections that feature some of the seminal recent research advances and a number of the materials topics that nowadays pose important social concerns. this is an excellent book to base an introductory materials course on, or to read for pleasure by scientists in other fields who wish to riffle through an excellent survey of what materials science has become today."

~Martin Moskovits, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA

"... a concise but in-depth insight into the physical aspects of materials science ... White expertly deals with the theory of the physical properties of materials, and the book offers a succinct but comprehensive coverage of this area."

~Times Higher Education

" an alternative approach to the typical introductory MSE text used in service courses for engineers. well written and comprehensive in its presentation well illustrated and contains an ample supply of challenging. but useful problems. there is an especially welcome text related website "

~James A. Clum, Dept of Material Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin Madison in Journal of Materials Education

Preface to the Third Edition xiii
Preface to the Second Edition xv
Preface to the First Edition xvii
Acknowledgments xix
About the Author xxi
Part I Introduction
1 Introduction to Materials Science
3(16)
1.1 History
3(1)
1.2 More Recent Trends
4(2)
1.3 Impact on Daily Living
6(1)
1.4 Future Materials and Sustainability Issues
6(3)
1.5 Structures of Materials
9(3)
1.6 Learning Goals
12(1)
1.7 Problems
12(1)
Further Reading
13(6)
Part II Color and Other Optical Properties of Materials
2 Atomic and Molecular Origins of Color
19(28)
2.1 Introduction
19(3)
2.2 Atomic Transitions
22(2)
2.3 Black-Body Radiation
24(2)
2.4 Vibrational Transitions as a Source of Color
26(1)
2.5 Crystal Field Colors
27(2)
2.6 Color Centers (F-Centers)
29(3)
2.7 Charge Derealization, Especially Molecular Orbitals
32(4)
2.8 Light of Our Lives: A Tutorial
36(2)
2.9 Learning Goals
38(1)
2.10 Problems
38(6)
Further Reading
44(3)
3 Color in Metals and Semiconductors
47(24)
3.1 Introduction
47(1)
3.2 Metallic Luster
47(5)
3.3 Colors of Pure Semiconductors
52(2)
3.4 Colors of Doped Semiconductors
54(5)
3.5 The Photocopying Process: A Tutorial
59(2)
3.6 Photographic Processes: A Tutorial
61(2)
3.7 Learning Goals
63(1)
3.8 Problems
64(3)
Further Reading
67(4)
4 Color from Interactions of Light Waves with Bulk Matter
71(34)
4.1 Introduction
71(1)
4.2 Refraction
71(8)
4.3 Interference
79(6)
4.4 Scattering of Light
85(2)
4.5 Diffraction Grating
87(1)
4.6 An Example of Diffraction Grating Colors: Liquid Crystals
88(5)
4.7 Fiber Optics: A Tutorial
93(1)
4.8 Learning Goals
94(1)
4.9 Problems
95(5)
Further Reading
100(5)
5 Other Optical Effects
105(22)
5.1 Introduction
105(1)
5.2 Optical Activity and Related Effects
105(4)
5.3 Birefringence
109(1)
5.4 Circular Dichroism and Optical Rotatory Dispersion
110(2)
5.5 Nonlinear Optical Effects
112(6)
5.6 Transparency: A Tutorial
118(1)
5.7 Learning Goals
118(1)
5.8 Problems
119(3)
Further Reading
122(5)
Part III Thermal Properties of Materials
6 Heat Capacity, Heat Content, and Energy Storage
127(46)
6.1 Introduction
127(1)
6.2 Equipartition of Energy
127(3)
6.2.1 Heat Capacity of a Monatomic Gas
129(1)
6.2.2 Heat Capacity of a Nonlinear Triatomic Gas
129(1)
6.3 Real Heat Capacities and Heat Content of Real Gases
130(8)
6.3.1 Joule's Experiment
134(1)
6.3.2 Joule-Thomson Experiment
135(3)
6.4 Heat Capacities of Solids
138(6)
6.4.1 Dulong-Petit Law
138(1)
6.4.2 Einstein Model
139(1)
6.4.3 Debye Model
140(3)
6.4.4 Heat Capacities of Metals
143(1)
6.5 Heat Capacities of Liquids
144(1)
6.6 Heat Capacities of Glasses
145(4)
6.7 Phase Stability and Phase Transitions, Including Their Order
149(6)
6.8 (Cp-Cy): An Exercise in Thermodynamic Manipulations
155(3)
6.9 Thermal Energy Storage Materials: A Tutorial
158(2)
6.10 Thermal Analysis: A Tutorial
160(2)
6.11 Learning Goals
162(1)
6.12 Problems
163(6)
Further Reading
169(4)
7 Thermal Expansion
173(22)
7.1 Introduction
173(1)
7.2 Compressibility and Thermal Expansion of Gases
173(4)
7.3 Thermal Expansion of Solids
177(9)
7.4 Examples of Thermal Expansion: A Tutorial
186(1)
7.5 Learning Goals
187(1)
7.6 Problems
188(4)
Further Reading
192(3)
8 Thermal Conductivity
195(20)
8.1 Introduction
195(1)
8.2 Thermal Conductivity of Gases
195(5)
8.3 Thermal Conductivities of Insulating Solids
200(4)
8.4 Thermal Conductivities of Metals
204(3)
8.5 Thermal Conductivities of Materials: A Tutorial
207(1)
8.6 Learning Goals
208(1)
8.7 Problems
208(4)
Further Reading
212(3)
9 Thermodynamic Aspects of Phase Stability
215(60)
9.1 Introduction
215(1)
9.2 Pure Gases
215(1)
9.3 Phase Equilibria in Pure Materials: The Clapeyron Equation
216(3)
9.4 Phase Diagrams of Pure Materials
219(11)
9.5 The Phase Rule
230(4)
9.6 Liquid-Liquid Binary Phase Diagrams
234(2)
9.7 Liquid-Vapor Binary Phase Diagrams
236(3)
9.8 Relative Proportions of Phases: The Lever Principle
239(2)
9.9 Liquid-Solid Binary Phase Diagrams
241(7)
9.10 Compound Formation
248(4)
9.11 Three-Component (Ternary) Phase Diagrams
252(4)
9.12 A Tongue-in-Cheek Phase Diagram: A Tutorial
256(1)
9.13 Applications of Supercritical Fluids: A Tutorial
257(1)
9.14 Learning Goals
258(1)
9.15 Problems
259(11)
Further Reading
270(5)
10 Surface and Interfacial Phenomena
275(24)
10.1 Introduction
275(2)
10.2 Surface Energetics
277(1)
10.3 Surface Investigations
278(1)
10.4 Surface Tension and Capillarity
279(6)
10.5 Liquid Films on Surfaces
285(4)
10.6 Nanomaterials: A Tutorial
289(1)
10.7 Learning Goals
290(1)
10.8 Problems
291(3)
Further Reading
294(5)
11 Other Phases of Matter
299(22)
11.1 Introduction
299(1)
11.2 Colloids
299(2)
11.3 Micelles
301(4)
11.4 Surfactants
305(1)
11.5 Inclusion Compounds
306(4)
11.6 Hair Care Products: A Tutorial
310(1)
11.7 Applications of Inclusion Compounds: A Tutorial
311(1)
11.8 Learning Goals
312(1)
11.9 Problems
312(2)
Further Reading
314(7)
Part IV Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Materials
12 Electrical Properties
321(50)
12.1 Introduction
321(1)
12.2 Metals, Insulators, and Semiconductors: Band Theory
321(7)
12.2.1 Metals
324(1)
12.2.2 Semiconductors
325(3)
12.2.3 Insulators
328(1)
12.3 Temperature Dependence of Electrical Conductivity
328(7)
12.3.1 Metals
329(1)
12.3.2 Intrinsic Semiconductors
330(5)
12.4 Properties of Extrinsic (Doped) Semiconductors
335(1)
12.5 Electrical Devices using Extrinsic (Doped) Semiconductors
336(8)
12.5.1 p,n-Junction
336(6)
12.5.2 Transistors
342(2)
12.6 Dielectrics
344(3)
12.7 Superconductivity
347(5)
12.8 Thermometry: A Tutorial
352(3)
12.9 Learning Goals
355(1)
12.10 Problems
355(7)
Further Reading
362(9)
13 Magnetic Properties
371(26)
13.1 Introduction
371(1)
13.2 Origins of Magnetic Behavior
371(7)
13.3 Magnetic Induction as a Function of Field Strength
378(4)
13.4 Temperature Dependence of Magnetization
382(5)
13.5 Magnetic Devices: A Tutorial
387(2)
13.6 Learning Goals
389(1)
13.7 Problems
389(3)
Further Reading
392(5)
Part V Mechanical Properties of Materials
14 Mechanical Properties
397(50)
14.1 Introduction
397(5)
14.2 Elasticity and Related Properties
402(5)
14.3 Beyond the Elastic Limit
407(4)
14.4 Microstructure
411(1)
14.5 Defects and Dislocations
411(4)
14.6 Crack Propagation
415(5)
14.7 Adhesion
420(2)
14.8 Electromechanical Properties: The Piezoelectric Effect
422(3)
14.9 Shape-Memory Alloys: A Tutorial
425(2)
14.10 Cymbals: A Tutorial
427(4)
14.11 Learning Goals
431(1)
14.12 Problems
431(9)
Further Reading
440(7)
Appendix 1 Fundamental Physical Constants 447(2)
Appendix 2 Energy Unit Conversions 449(2)
Appendix 3 The Greek Alphabet 451(2)
Appendix 4 Sources of Lecture Demonstration Materials 453(2)
Glossary 455(24)
Index 479
Mary Anne White is a materials research scientist and writer, and highly recognized educator and communicator of science. Mary Anne White presently holds the distinguished title of Harry Shirreff Professor of Chemical Research (Emerita) at Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, where she has been since 1983, after receiving a BSc in Honors Chemistry from the University of Western Ontario, a PhD in Chemistry from McMaster University, and a postdoctoral fellowship at Oxford University. From 2002 to 2006, she was the founding director of the Institute for Research in Materials at Dalhousie University, and from 2010 to 2016 she was director of the multidisciplinary graduate program, Dalhousie Research in Energy, Advanced Materials and Sustainability: DREAMS. She has been Professor (Emerita) since 2017, and continues her research and writing. Mary Annes research area is energetics and thermal properties of materials. She has made significant contributions to understanding how heat is stored and conducted through materials. Her work has led to new materials that can convert waste heat to energy, and materials that can trap solar energy. Mary Annes research contributions have been recognized by national and international awards. Mary Anne is an author of 200 research papers, several book chapters, and this book, "Physical Properties of Materials." She has trained more than 40 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, and more than 70 undergraduate research students.Mary Anne enjoys sharing her knowledge with students and with the general public. She is especially well known for presenting clear explanations of difficult concepts. Mary Annes outstanding abilities as an educator have been recognized by the Union Carbide Award for Chemical Education from the Chemical Institute of Canada. Mary Anne has given more than 150 invited presentations at conferences, universities, government laboratories and industries around the world.Mary Anne has been active throughout her career in bringing science to the general public. This includes: helping establish a hands-on science centre; many presentations for schools, the general public and others (including a lecture for Members of Canadas Parliament and Senate); booklets on science activities for children (published by the Canadian Society for Chemistry); national organizer of National Chemistry Week; more than 150 articles for educators or the general public; appearances on television. For 14 years she was a regular (monthly) contributor on CBC Radio where she and a colleague fielded listeners science questions, live on air. For her contributions to public awareness of science, Mary Anne was awarded the 2007 McNeil Medal of the Royal Society of Canada. She holds three honorary doctorates, and is an Officer of the Order of Canada.