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El. knyga: Physiology Of Tropical Orchids In Relation To The Industry, The

(Nus, S'pore), (Ntu, S'pore)
  • Formatas: 348 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-Jul-1997
  • Leidėjas: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789814498241
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Physiology Of Tropical Orchids In Relation To The Industry, TheDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: 348 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-Jul-1997
  • Leidėjas: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789814498241
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Over the past ten years, the orchid industry is growing at a steady pace in the South East Asia and East Asia regions. In some Asian countries, orchids have become an essential export item. To maintain this progress, there is an urgent need for a book that is relevant to the region orchid growers in improving their cultivation and management skills, and to guide new students in understanding orchid physiology. This book provides a comprehensive account of tropical orchid physiology relevant to commercial growers, research workers and graduate students. An integrated and unifying theme of tropical orchid physiology, with a clearly written factual text and illustration, is presented over nine chapters. Each chapter is designed to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date information on an aspect of orchid physiology. This book complements the existing scientific literature available to improve orchid cultivation and to set new research agenda especially in the tropics.
Foreword v(2)
Preface vii(7)
Acknowledgements xiv
1. The Relevance of Orchid Physiology to the Industry
1(10)
1.1. Introduction
1(1)
1.2. Orchid Cultivation and Industry
2(3)
1.3. How Basic Orchid Physiology Can Help the Industry
5(3)
1.4. Concluding Remarks
8(3)
2. A Brief Introduction to Orchid Morphology and Nomenclature
11(26)
2.1 Introduction
11(1)
2.2. Growth Habit
11(2)
2.3. Orchid Plant Parts
13(17)
Pseudobulbs
13(2)
Flowers
15(7)
Seeds
22(1)
Leaves
22(1)
Roots
23(7)
2.4. Growth Cycle of Orchids Under Greenhouse Conditions
30(1)
2.5. Nomenclature
30(3)
Species
30(3)
Hybrid
33(1)
2.6. Summary
33(4)
3. Photosynthesis
37(56)
3.1. Introduction
37(1)
3.2. Photosynthetic Pathways
37(4)
3.3. What is XXX(13) C Value?
41(4)
3.4. Patterns of CO(2) Fixation in Orchids
45(7)
Thin-leaved orchids
45(4)
Thick-leaved orchids
49(3)
3.5. Photosynthetic Characteristics of Non-Foliar Green Organs
52(16)
Aerial roots
54(7)
Stems
61(1)
Pseudobulbs
62(2)
Flowers and fruit capsules
64(2)
Varying XXX(13)C values in non-foliar green organs
66(2)
3.6. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
68(18)
Effects of light
68(1)
Effects of age
69(6)
Effects of water stress
75(2)
Effects of temperature
77(4)
Effects of sink demands
81(1)
Effects of Pollutants
82(2)
Effects of virus infection
84(1)
Effects of elevated carbon dioxide
85(1)
3.7. Concluding Remarks
86(1)
3.8. Summary
87(6)
4. Respiration
93(36)
4.1. Introduction
93(1)
4.2. Respiratory Processes
93(1)
4.3. Respiration in Plant Parts
96(13)
Protocorms and Seedlings
96(3)
Leaves
99(2)
Flowers
101(5)
Roots
106(3)
4.4. Respiratory Drift During Flower Development
109(9)
4.5. Photorespiration
118(2)
4.6. Other Oxidases in Relation to Orchid Respiration
120(2)
4.7. Concluding Remarks
122(1)
4.8. Summary
123(6)
5. Mineral Nutrition
129(39)
5.1. Introduction
129(1)
5.2. Mineral Requirements and Tissue Analysis
129(7)
5.3. Fertiliser Application Practices
136(13)
Effects of organic fertilisers on orchid growth
138(1)
Effects of mulching on orchid growth
139(4)
Effects of inorganic fertilisers on orchid growth
143(6)
5.4. Foliar Application and Root Absorption
149(3)
5.5. Ion Uptake
152(9)
Ion uptake by orchid tissues
152(1)
Ion uptake by orchid roots
153(8)
5.6. Concluding Remarks
161(1)
5.7. Summary
161(7)
6. Control of Flowering
168(30)
6.1. Introduction
168(1)
6.2. Differentiation of Flower Bud
168(2)
6.3. Factors Affecting Flower Induction
170(9)
Juvenility in orchids
172(1)
Response to low temperature
172(5)
Photoperiodic response
177(1)
Hormonal control
177(2)
6.4. Seasonality in Flowering
179(4)
6.5. Application of Flower Induction at the Commercial Level
183(5)
6.6. Bud Drop
188(1)
6.7. Controlling Orchid Flower Production
189(3)
6.8. Concluding Remarks
192(1)
6.9. Summary
193(5)
7. Partitioning of Assimilates
198(47)
7.1. Introduction
198(1)
7.2. The Source--Sink Concept of Phloem Translocation
198(4)
Sources and sinks
199(1)
Phloem loading
200(1)
Along the path
201(1)
Phloem unloading
201(1)
7.3. Patterns of Assimilate Movement in Most Higher Plants
202(2)
7.4. Patterns of Assimilate Movement in Tropical Orchids
204(22)
Assimilate partitioning in the sympodial orchids
205(15)
Assimilate partitioning in the monopodial orchids
220(6)
7.5. Import of Assimilates by Mature Orchid Leaves
226(2)
7.6. The Role of Non-Foliar Green Organs in Assimilate Partitioning
228(1)
7.7. Improving the Harvestable Yield of Orchids
228(11)
7.8. Concluding Remarks
239(1)
7.9. Summary
240(5)
8. Flower Senescence and Postharvest Physiology
245(43)
8.1. Introduction
245(1)
8.2. Senescence in Plants
245(2)
8.3. Growth and Development of Orchid Flower and Inflorescence
247(7)
8.4. Flower Senescence in Orchids
254(13)
Post-pollinated phenomena
254(2)
Ethylene and senescence
256(1)
8.5. Postharvest Handling of Cut-Flowers
267(9)
Preharvest conditions
269(1)
Extension of vase-life
270(1)
Formulation of various solutions
271(5)
Bud opening
276(1)
8.6. Storage and Transport
276(4)
Low-temperature storage
277(1)
Hypobaric storage/controlled storage
277(1)
8.7. Concluding Remarks
280(1)
8.8. Summary
280(8)
9. Recent Advances in Orchid Tissue Culture
288(35)
9.1. Introduction
288(1)
9.2. Factors Affecting Orchid Growth in Vitro
289(11)
Sugar
290(2)
Carbon dioxide
292(1)
Ethylene
293(3)
Nitrogen sources
296(1)
Light
297(2)
Other factors
299(1)
9.3. Improving Orchid Cultures
300(12)
Gas-permeable culture system
300(6)
Alternative supporting media
306(2)
Carbon dioxide enrichment
308(2)
Development of a flow system
310(2)
9.4. In-Vitro Flowering
312(1)
9.5. Thin-Section Culture
313(1)
9.6. Synthetic Seeds
314(1)
9.7. Concluding Remarks
315(2)
9.8. Summary
317(6)
Subject Index 323(6)
Plant Index 329


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