| Preface |
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xiii | |
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1 Politics In States And Communities |
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1 | (26) |
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A Political Approach to States and Communities |
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2 | (1) |
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The Comparative Study of States and Communities |
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2 | (4) |
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6 | (5) |
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Rankings Of The States: Population Size and Projected Growth Rate, 2010--2030 |
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7 | (1) |
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Rankings Of The States: Income and Education |
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8 | (2) |
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Rankings Of The States: Hispanic and African American Populations |
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10 | (1) |
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The Politics of Immigration |
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11 | (4) |
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Up Close: Arizona v. United States on Immigration |
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15 | (1) |
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Liberalism and Conservatism in the States |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (2) |
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Rankings Of The States: Religion and Ideology (Liberalism) |
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18 | (1) |
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State Political Leadership |
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19 | (1) |
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Policy Responsibilities of States and Communities |
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19 | (3) |
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"States," "Districts," and "Territories" |
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22 | (4) |
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26 | (1) |
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2 Democracy And Constitutionalism In The State |
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27 | (28) |
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Constitutional Government in the States |
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28 | (4) |
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State Constitutions: An Overview |
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32 | (4) |
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Up Close: The Sandy Hook Shootings and the Right to Bear Arms |
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33 | (2) |
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Rankings Of The States: State Gun Law Restrictiveness and Firearms Death Rate |
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35 | (1) |
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Constitutional Change in the States |
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36 | (4) |
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40 | (3) |
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Direct versus Representative Democracy |
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43 | (1) |
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The Politics of State Initiatives |
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44 | (6) |
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50 | (4) |
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Did You Know? Term Limits Are Still Controversial |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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3 States, Communities, And American Federalism |
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55 | (32) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (2) |
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58 | (3) |
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Up Close: Nation versus States: Legalizing Pot |
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59 | (2) |
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The Structure of American Federalism |
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61 | (5) |
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Up Close: Federalizing Crime |
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63 | (3) |
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Battles in the States over Constitutional Amendments |
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66 | (2) |
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How Money Shifted Power to Washington |
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68 | (6) |
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Up Close: Historic Landmarks in the Development of American Federalism |
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69 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Reliance on Federal Aid |
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73 | (1) |
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Federalism: Variations on the Theme |
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74 | (6) |
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80 | (1) |
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The Supreme Court and the Revival of Federalism |
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80 | (2) |
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Did You Know? The States Lose Their Fight against "ObamaCare" |
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82 | (1) |
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Interstate Relations and Horizontal Federalism |
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82 | (4) |
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Did You Know? Which States Rank Highest on the Gallup-Healthways "Well-Being" Index? |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (1) |
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4 Participation In State Politics |
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87 | (38) |
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The Nature of Political Participation |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (7) |
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Up Close: Getting into Politics |
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90 | (3) |
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Rankings Of The States: Voter Turnout Rate: 2012 Presidential Election |
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93 | (3) |
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Continuing Election Controversies |
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96 | (4) |
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Race, Ethnicity, and Political Participation |
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100 | (2) |
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Securing the Right to Vote |
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102 | (3) |
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Minorities in State Politics |
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105 | (3) |
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108 | (2) |
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Young and Old in State Politics |
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110 | (2) |
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Interest Groups in State Politics |
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112 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Registered Lobbyists |
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115 | (1) |
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Functions and Tactics of Interest Groups |
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116 | (2) |
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Comparing Interest Group Power in the States |
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118 | (1) |
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Protest as Political Participation |
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119 | (5) |
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Did You Know? Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street Protests Falter but Ideas Stick |
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121 | (3) |
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124 | (1) |
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5 Parties And Campaigns In The States |
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125 | (34) |
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American Political Parties: In Disarray or Experiencing a Rebirth? |
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126 | (4) |
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130 | (4) |
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Did You Know? California's "Top Two" Primary System: Bipartisanship Promise Appeals to Other States |
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133 | (1) |
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State Party Organizations and Activists |
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134 | (5) |
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People in Politics: State Party Chairs---Two Paths to Leadership |
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138 | (1) |
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Republican and Democratic Party Fortunes in the States |
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139 | (2) |
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Divided Party Government in the States |
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141 | (1) |
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Party Competition and Policy Differences within the States |
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142 | (2) |
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Professional Media Campaigns |
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144 | (6) |
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Did You Know? How to Read Political Polls Like a Pro |
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146 | (4) |
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150 | (3) |
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Rankings Of The States: Campaign Contributions to Presidential and State-Level Candidates |
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152 | (1) |
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State Campaign Finance Reform |
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153 | (5) |
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Up Close: A Conflicting View: Eliminating Campaign Spending Limits |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (1) |
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6 Legislators In State Politics |
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159 | (36) |
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Functions of State Legislatures |
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160 | (1) |
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Making of a State Legislator |
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161 | (2) |
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Minorities and Women in State Legislatures |
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163 | (5) |
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Rankings Of The States: African Americans, Hispanics, Asians, Native Americans, and Women in State Legislatures |
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166 | (2) |
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Getting to the State Capitol |
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168 | (2) |
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The Great Incumbency Machine |
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170 | (1) |
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Legislative Apportionment and Districting |
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171 | (5) |
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Did You Know? How Many State Legislators Later Became President? |
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172 | (3) |
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Up Close: The Original Gerrymander |
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175 | (1) |
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Legislative Organization and Procedure |
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176 | (3) |
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Legislative Institutionalization |
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179 | (4) |
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183 | (1) |
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Leadership and Role-Playing in Legislatures |
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184 | (3) |
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Party Politics in State Legislatures |
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187 | (2) |
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The Growing Role of the Media in the Legislative Process |
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189 | (1) |
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Lobbying in State Legislatures |
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190 | (3) |
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State Legislatures: A Critical Assessment |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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7 Governors In State Politics |
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195 | (28) |
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The Many Roles of a Governor |
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196 | (2) |
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198 | (4) |
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People in Politics: First-time Women Governors: Minority Pathbreakers Rise on the National Political Stage |
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201 | (1) |
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Did You Know? How Many Governors Later Became President? |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (4) |
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Executive Power in State Government |
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206 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Institutional Powers of Governors |
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207 | (3) |
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The Governor's Legislative Powers |
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210 | (2) |
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Divided Government: Governor versus the Legislature |
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212 | (1) |
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Impeachments, Investigations, and Recalls |
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213 | (1) |
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The Governor as Political Leader |
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214 | (4) |
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Up Close: Three Scandal-Ridden Governors Embarrass Their States |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (4) |
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222 | (1) |
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8 Bureaucratic Politics In States And Communities |
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223 | (26) |
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Government and Bureaucracy |
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224 | (1) |
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Sources of Bureaucratic Power |
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224 | (1) |
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The Growth of Bureaucratic Power |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (3) |
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Bureaucracy, Democracy, Representativeness, and Responsiveness |
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229 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Government Spending and Employment |
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230 | (2) |
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Up Close: Firing a Public Employee |
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232 | (1) |
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The Power of Public Employee Unions |
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233 | (3) |
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Up Close: A Showdown over Public Employee Union Power |
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234 | (2) |
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236 | (2) |
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People in Politics: Scott Walker Tackles Public Employee Unions |
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237 | (1) |
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Reform, Privatization, and "Reinventing Government" |
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238 | (5) |
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Up Close: Privatizing Prisons: The Pros and Cons |
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240 | (1) |
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Did You Know? Bureaucrats Challenged to "Write It Simple!" |
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241 | (2) |
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243 | (2) |
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The Politics of Budgeting |
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245 | (3) |
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Up Close: How to Win at the Budget Game |
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246 | (2) |
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248 | (1) |
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9 Courts, Crime And Correctional Policy |
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249 | (40) |
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Politics and the Judicial Process |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (3) |
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The Structure of Court Systems |
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255 | (4) |
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259 | (5) |
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264 | (3) |
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Up Close: The Federalist Society: Proponents of Judicial Restraint |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Crime Rate and Incarceration Rate |
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269 | (2) |
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Police Protection in the States |
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271 | (3) |
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Rankings Of The States: Police Protection and Death Rates of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers |
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272 | (1) |
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Did You Know? Disturbing Trend: Criminal Attacks on Judicial Officials |
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273 | (1) |
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Police and Law Enforcement |
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274 | (3) |
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The Politics of Prosecution |
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277 | (1) |
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State Prisons and Correctional Policies |
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278 | (4) |
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282 | (6) |
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288 | (1) |
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10 Governing America's Communities |
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289 | (28) |
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So Many Local Governments, So Much Confusion |
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290 | (3) |
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Eighty-Nine Thousand Governments |
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293 | (3) |
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County Governments: Rural and Urban |
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296 | (1) |
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The Structure of County Government |
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296 | (6) |
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Rankings Of The States: General-Purpose Local Governments |
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297 | (1) |
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Rankings Of The States: Special-Purpose Local Governments |
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298 | (4) |
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Cities as "Municipal Corporations" |
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302 | (2) |
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304 | (4) |
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People in Politics: Just Call Me Mayor: Young Politicians on the Rise, One "Strong," One "Weak" |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (2) |
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Local Election Systems: At Large, District, and Combination |
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310 | (4) |
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Special-Purpose Local Governments |
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314 | (2) |
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316 | (1) |
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11 Participation In Community Politics |
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317 | (36) |
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318 | (5) |
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Did You Know? Broadcast Television Coverage of Local Campaigns Is Limited |
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320 | (3) |
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Parties in Big-City Politics |
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323 | (1) |
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Old-Style Machine Politics |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (5) |
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People in Politics: Rahm Emanuel: Coming Home to Run Chicago: A Tougher-than-Expected Job |
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327 | (3) |
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New Connections with Citizens |
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330 | (2) |
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Up Close: Exposing Political Corruption |
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331 | (1) |
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Recruiting City Council Members |
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332 | (3) |
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Council Members: Responsible Policymakers? |
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335 | (2) |
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City Managers in Municipal Politics |
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337 | (2) |
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339 | (2) |
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Minorities and Women in Local Politics |
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341 | (5) |
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People in Politics: San Antonio Mayor Julian Castro: Nonpartisan on Ballot but Democrat in Practice |
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343 | (3) |
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Interest Groups in Community Politics |
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346 | (6) |
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Did You Know? Americans Serve Their Communities by Volunteering |
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350 | (1) |
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Rankings Of The States: Citizen Voluntarism Rates |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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12 Metropolitics: Conflict In The Metropolis |
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353 | (24) |
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The Metropolis: Setting for Conflict |
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354 | (5) |
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Rankings Of The States: Number of Metropolitan Statistical Areas in States |
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355 | (4) |
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359 | (5) |
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364 | (1) |
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Combatting Sprawl with "Smart Growth" |
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365 | (1) |
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Consolidation or Fragmentation? |
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366 | (1) |
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The Case for Metropolitan Consolidation (Regionalism) |
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366 | (1) |
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The Case for "Fragmented" Government (Localism) |
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367 | (2) |
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Metropolitan Government as a Marketplace |
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369 | (1) |
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Managing Metropolitan Areas |
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370 | (6) |
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Did You Know? Large Metro Areas Are Magnets for Mega-Commuters |
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375 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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13 Community Power, Land Use, And The Environment |
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377 | (32) |
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Land Use, Economics, and Community Politics Intertwined |
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378 | (1) |
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Models of Community Power |
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378 | (2) |
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Economic Elites in Communities |
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380 | (1) |
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Political Elites in Communities |
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381 | (3) |
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384 | (4) |
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Innovative Planning Practices: More Discretionary |
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388 | (1) |
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Constitutional Concerns: The Takings Clause |
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389 | (2) |
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Community Development and Revitalization Policy |
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391 | (3) |
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394 | (8) |
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Rankings Of The States: Road Mileage and Gasoline Taxes |
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396 | (6) |
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402 | (6) |
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Up Close: A Radioactive Waste Dump Proposal Divides a Small Town |
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406 | (2) |
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408 | (1) |
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14 The Politics Of Taxation And Finance |
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409 | (18) |
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An Overview of Government Finances |
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410 | (1) |
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Types of Taxes and Tax Politics |
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410 | (6) |
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Explaining State Tax Systems |
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416 | (1) |
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Revolting against Taxes and Spending |
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416 | (3) |
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Rankings Of The States: Per Capita State and Local Government Tax Revenue (Levels) and Tax Burdens |
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417 | (2) |
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When Spending Cuts Are Necessary: Cutback Management |
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419 | (2) |
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Up Close: The Decline of the Golden State |
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420 | (1) |
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When Ends Don't Meet: State and Local Debt |
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421 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Spending and Borrowing |
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422 | (3) |
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When a Local Government Goes Bust |
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425 | (1) |
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426 | (1) |
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15 Politics And Civil Rights |
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427 | (32) |
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428 | (1) |
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The Struggle against Segregation |
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429 | (1) |
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State Resistance to Desegregation |
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430 | (2) |
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Racial Balancing in Schools |
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432 | (2) |
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
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434 | (2) |
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435 | (1) |
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Affirmative Action Battles |
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436 | (4) |
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Up Close: "Diversity" in Universities: Continued Legal Challenges to Affirmative Action in Admissions |
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438 | (2) |
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440 | (1) |
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441 | (2) |
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Native Americans and Tribal Government |
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443 | (3) |
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Americans with Disabilities |
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446 | (1) |
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447 | (1) |
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448 | (2) |
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Up Close: Sexual Harassment |
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449 | (1) |
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450 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Restrictiveness of State Abortion Laws |
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453 | (1) |
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Politics and Sexual Orientation |
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454 | (3) |
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457 | (2) |
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16 The Politics Of Education |
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459 | (32) |
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Goals in Educational Policy |
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460 | (1) |
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Educational Performance Measurement |
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461 | (6) |
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People in Politics: Jeff Charbonneau---"Mr. Robot," The Nation's Best Teacher |
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462 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: Educational Performance |
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466 | (1) |
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467 | (1) |
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The Debate over School Vouchers |
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468 | (1) |
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469 | (1) |
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Common Core State Standards Initiative |
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470 | (1) |
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The Federal Role in Education |
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470 | (2) |
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No Child Left Behind (NCLB) |
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472 | (2) |
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474 | (1) |
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Organizing Public Education in the States |
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474 | (2) |
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Battles over School Finances |
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476 | (2) |
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Rankings Of The States: Financing Public Schools |
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477 | (1) |
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478 | (2) |
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The Politics of Higher Education |
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480 | (4) |
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Reading, Writing, and Religion |
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484 | (3) |
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New Challenge: Creating Safe Learning Environments |
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487 | (2) |
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489 | (2) |
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17 The Politics Of Poverty, Welfare, And Health |
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491 | (20) |
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492 | (1) |
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492 | (3) |
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Rankings Of The States: Poverty Rates |
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493 | (2) |
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An Overview of Welfare Policy |
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495 | (4) |
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Rankings Of The States: TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families) and Medicaid Recipients |
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497 | (2) |
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499 | (2) |
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Did You Know? Welfare Reform Success Tied to Work |
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500 | (1) |
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501 | (2) |
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Stimulus to Health Care Reform |
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503 | (1) |
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ObamaCare: Health Care Transformation |
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504 | (1) |
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The States and "Obamacare" |
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505 | (1) |
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Renewed Focus on Mental Health |
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506 | (3) |
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Up Close: Mental Health and Mass Murders |
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508 | (1) |
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509 | (2) |
| Notes |
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511 | (34) |
| Photo Credits |
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545 | (2) |
| Index |
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547 | |
