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Portuguese: An Essential Grammar 3rd edition [Kietas viršelis]

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(University of Salford, UK.), ,
  • Formatas: Hardback, 284 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 690 g
  • Serija: Routledge Essential Grammars
  • Išleidimo metai: 31-Jul-2018
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138234346
  • ISBN-13: 9781138234345
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Portuguese: An Essential Grammar 3rd editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 284 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 690 g
  • Serija: Routledge Essential Grammars
  • Išleidimo metai: 31-Jul-2018
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138234346
  • ISBN-13: 9781138234345
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781138234345.html
Raktažodžiai:
This new edition of Portuguese: An Essential Grammar is a practical reference guide to the most important aspects of modern European Portuguese. Combining traditional and function-based grammar, the book sets out the complexities of Portuguese in short, readable sections. Explanations are clear, free from jargon and substantiated by examples. Throughout, the emphasis is on Portuguese as used by native speakers.

This third edition:











reflects the new orthographic agreement;





includes an expanded section on verbs and pronouns, as well as a new section on syntax;





provides authentic examples to illustrate grammar in context;





focuses on Portuguese as used in Portugal and Africa;





links to Basic Portuguese: A Grammar and Workbook, which offers a valuable set of language practice exercises;





includes a detailed contents list and index for easy access to information.

An important addition to Routledges collection of grammars on the variants of Portuguese, this is an ideal reference source for the learner and user of European Portuguese. It is suitable for either independent study or for students in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes of all types.
Foreword to the first edition xi
Foreword to the second edition xii
Foreword to the third edition xiv
Acknowledgements xvi
How to use this book xvii
Introduction: why Portuguese? xviii
I.1 Portuguese: an international language
xviii
I.2 The origins of Portuguese
xx
Part I: An Essential Grammar
Chapter 1 Pronunciation and spelling
3(6)
1.1 Vowels
3(1)
1.2 Consonants
4(2)
1.3 Diphthongs
6(1)
1.4 Stress
7(1)
1.5 Accents
8(1)
Chapter 2 Nouns
9(15)
2.1 Gender I: masculine and feminine
9(2)
2.2 Gender II: forming the feminine
11(4)
2.3 Number: forming the plural
15(3)
2.4 Diminutives and augmentatives
18(3)
2.5 Compound nouns
21(1)
2.6 Collective nouns
22(2)
Chapter 3 Articles
24(8)
3.1 Definite article
24(1)
3.2 Use of the definite article
24(1)
3.3 Omission of the definite article
25(2)
3.4 Contraction of the definite article
27(1)
3.5 Indefinite article
28(1)
3.6 Use of the indefinite article
29(1)
3.7 Omission of the indefinite article
29(1)
3.8 Contraction of the indefinite article
30(2)
Chapter 4 Adjectives
32(11)
4.1 Gender
32(2)
4.2 Number
34(2)
4.3 Degree
36(4)
4.4 Agreement
40(1)
4.5 Position in the sentence
41(2)
Chapter 5 Pronouns
43(28)
5.1 Personal pronouns
43(14)
5.2 Possessive pronouns and adjectives
57(3)
5.3 Demonstrative pronouns and adjectives
60(3)
5.4 Relative pronouns
63(4)
5.5 Interrogative pronouns
67(2)
5.6 Indefinite pronouns and adjectives
69(2)
Chapter 6 Numerals
71(4)
6.1 Cardinal, ordinal and multiplicative numbers
71(2)
6.2 Collective numerals
73(1)
6.3 Use of the conjunction e with numerals
73(1)
6.4 Roman numerals
74(1)
Chapter 7 Verbs
75(54)
7.1 Moods and tenses
75(2)
7.2 Indicative mood
77(19)
7.3 Subjunctive mood
96(11)
7.4 Imperative mood
107(2)
7.5 Infinitive
109(2)
7.6 Present participle
111(1)
7.7 Compound infinitive and compound present participle
112(1)
7.8 Past participle
113(1)
7.9 Passive voice
114(4)
7.10 Auxiliary verbs
118(5)
7.11 Impersonal, unipersonal and defective verbs
123(1)
7.12 Reflexive verbs
124(3)
7.13 Changing vowel sounds in verbal conjugation
127(2)
Chapter 8 Adverbs
129(6)
8.1 Uses of the adverb
129(3)
8.2 Adverbs in -mente
132(1)
8.3 Other adverbs
133(1)
8.4 Position
133(1)
8.5 Degree
134(1)
Chapter 9 Conjunctions
135(6)
9.1 Coordinating conjunctions
135(2)
9.2 Subordinating conjunctions
137(4)
Chapter 10 Prepositions
141(4)
10.1 Most commonly used prepositions
141(1)
10.2 Prepositional phrases
142(1)
10.3 Contraction of preposition + article or pronoun
142(1)
10.4 Verbs followed by a preposition
143(2)
Chapter 11 Elements of syntax
145(15)
11.1 Word order
145(7)
11.2 Sentence length
152(3)
11.3 Punctuation
155(5)
Chapter 12 Additional notes on Portuguese usage
160(13)
12.1 Gente/a gente
160(1)
12.2 Tudo/todo
160(1)
12.3 Por/para
161(1)
12.4 A/para
162(1)
12.5 Desde...ate/de...a
163(1)
12.6 Proximo/seguinte
163(1)
12.7 Tao/tanto
164(1)
12.8 Affirmative/negative
164(1)
12.9 Ainda/ja
165(1)
12.10 Prepositions of time
165(1)
12.11 Prepositions with means of transport
166(1)
12.12 Ser/estar
166(1)
12.13 Ficar
167(1)
12.14 Estar a/andar a + infinitive
168(1)
12.15 Haver
169(1)
12.16 Omission of se in conditional clauses
170(1)
12.17 Poder/conseguir
170(1)
12.18 Ter de/ter que
171(2)
Part II: Language Functions 173(72)
Chapter 13 Socializing
175(18)
13.1 General greetings
175(1)
13.2 Taking leave
176(1)
13.3 Greeting/taking leave according to time of day
177(1)
13.4 Attracting attention
178(2)
13.5 Seasonal greetings
180(1)
13.6 Personal greetings
180(1)
13.7 Congratulations
180(1)
13.8 Good wishes
181(1)
13.9 Introductions
181(1)
13.10 Forms of address
182(4)
13.11 Talking about one's health
186(2)
13.12 Places and locations
188(2)
13.13 Talking about the weather
190(3)
Chapter 14 Exchanging factual information
193(14)
14.1 Identifying people
193(3)
14.2 Identifying things
196(1)
14.3 Asking for information
197(2)
14.4 Reporting, describing and narrating
199(3)
14.5 Letter writing
202(3)
14.6 Correcting assumptions
205(2)
Chapter 15 Getting things done
207(10)
15.1 Suggesting a course of action
207(1)
15.2 Offering to do something
208(1)
15.3 Requesting others to do something
208(1)
15.4 Inviting others to do something
209(1)
15.5 Asking for and giving advice
209(1)
15.6 Warning others
210(1)
15.7 Instructing others to do/not to do something
211(1)
15.8 Requesting assistance
212(1)
15.9 Stating and finding out whether something is compulsory
213(1)
15.10 Seeking, giving, refusing permission
214(1)
15.11 Expressing and finding out about need
214(1)
15.12 Enquiring and expressing intention, want or desire
215(2)
Chapter 16 Finding out and expressing intellectual attitudes
217(10)
16.1 Agreement and disagreement
217(2)
16.2 Knowing something or someone
219(1)
16.3 Remembering something or someone
220(1)
16.4 Possibility and impossibility
221(2)
16.5 Logical conclusions
223(1)
16.6 Incomprehension and clarification
224(1)
16.7 Certainty and uncertainty
225(2)
Chapter 17 Judgement and evaluation
227(18)
17.1 Expressing pleasure or liking
227(1)
17.2 Expressing displeasure or dislike
228(1)
17.3 Enquiring about pleasure/displeasure, liking/disliking
229(1)
17.4 Enquiring about and expressing interest/lack of interest
230(1)
17.5 Expressing surprise
231(1)
17.6 Expressing hope
232(1)
17.7 Enquiring about and expressing satisfaction/dissatisfaction
233(1)
17.8 Expressing disappointment
234(1)
17.9 Enquiring about and expressing worry or fear
234(2)
17.10 Enquiring about and expressing preference
236(1)
17.11 Expressing gratitude
236(1)
17.12 Expressing sympathy
237(1)
17.13 Expressing happiness and unhappiness
238(1)
17.14 Apologizing
238(1)
17.15 Enquiring about and expressing approval/disapproval
239(1)
17.16 Expressing appreciation
240(1)
17.17 Expressing regret
241(1)
17.18 Expressing indifference
242(1)
17.19 Accusing
242(1)
17.20 Enquiring about and expressing capability/incapability
243(2)
Appendix I 245(7)
AI.1 Portuguese cultural expressions
245(7)
Appendix II 252(1)
AII.1 Internet resources
252(1)
Bibliography 253(2)
Index 255
Amélia P. Hutchinson, Janet Lloyd and Cristina Sousa have over 50 years combined teaching experience in Portuguese at universities in the United Kingdom and the United States.