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El. knyga: Power System Operation, Utilization, and Control [Taylor & Francis e-book]

(Prairie View A&M Uni, USA.), (Prairie View A&M University, Texas, USA), (Prairie View A&M Uni, USA.)
  • Formatas: 326 pages, 68 Tables, black and white; 156 Line drawings, black and white; 2 Halftones, black and white; 158 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Jul-2022
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003293965
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Taylor & Francis e-book
  • Kaina: 216,96 €*
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  • Standartinė kaina: 309,94 €
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Power System Operation, Utilization, and ControlDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: 326 pages, 68 Tables, black and white; 156 Line drawings, black and white; 2 Halftones, black and white; 158 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Jul-2022
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003293965
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Taylor & Francis e-booksMore info about Taylor & Francis e-books
Partnerių interneto svetainė: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003293965
This book presents power system analysis methods that cover all aspects of power systems operation, utilization, control, and system management.

At the beginning of each chapter, an introduction is given describing the objectives of the chapter. The authors have attempted to present power system parameters in a lucid, logical, step-by-step approach in a lucid, logical, step-by-step approach.

In recognition of requirements by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) on integration of engineering computer tools, the authors demonstrate the use of MATLAB® programming in obtaining solutions to engineering power problems. MATLAB is introduced in a student-friendly manner and follow up is given in Appendix A. The use of MATLAB and power system applications arepresented throughout the book.

Practice problems immediately follow each illustrative example. Students can follow the example step-by-step to solve the practice problems. These practice problems test students comprehension and reinforce key concepts before moving on to the next chapter.

In each chapter, the authors discuss some application aspects of the chapter's concepts using computer programming. The material covered in the chapter applied to at least one or two practical problems to help students see how the concepts are used in real-life situations.

Thoroughly worked examples are provided at the end of every section. These examples give students a solid grasp of the solutions and the confidence to solve similar problems themselves.

Designed for a three-hour semester course on Power System Operation, Utilization, and Control, this book is intended as a textbook for a senior-level undergraduate student in electrical and computer engineering. The prerequisites for a course based on this book are knowledge of standard mathematics, including calculus and complex numbers and basic undergraduate engineering courses.
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Authors xvii
Chapter 1 Synchronous Machines
1(20)
1.1 Simplified Models of Cylindrical Rotor (Non-Salient) Synchronous Machines for the Steady-State Condition
1(6)
1.2 Power Angle Characteristics
7(1)
1.3 Power Angle Characteristics for Salient-Pole Synchronous Machines for the Steady-State Condition
8(4)
1.4 Per Unit Quantity
12(6)
1.5 Parallel Operation of Synchronous Generators
18(3)
1.5.1 Conditions Required for Paralleling
18(1)
Problems
19(2)
Chapter 2 Modeling of Synchronous Generator
21(34)
2.1 Importance of Modeling
21(1)
2.2 Turbogenerator Identification
22(1)
2.3 Thermal Station
22(2)
2.4 Turbine Model
24(2)
2.5 System Identification
26(2)
2.6 Station Description
28(7)
2.7 Inertia Constant and Swing Equation
35(1)
2.8 Synchronous Generator Modeling Concept in the Power System
36(1)
2.9 Excitation System Control
37(1)
2.10 Turbine Governor Control
38(2)
2.10.1 Prime Mover and Governing System Controls
39(1)
2.10.2 Governor/Turbine/Generator Relationship
40(1)
2.11 Division of Load Between Generators
40(7)
2.12 Amplitude and Frequency Estimation of Power System
47(2)
2.12.1 Adaptive Hopf Oscillator
47(2)
2.12.2 Power System Signal Modeling
49(1)
2.13 Power System Stabilizer
49(6)
Problems
52(3)
Chapter 3 Load Frequency Control
55(32)
3.1 Structures of Interconnection System
55(2)
3.2 The Turbine Governor
57(2)
3.3 Control Loops
59(1)
3.4 System Behavior/Single Area
60(3)
3.5 The Power-Frequency Characteristic of an Interconnected System
63(2)
3.6 System Connected by Lines of Relatively Small Capacity
65(16)
3.6.1 Effect of Governor Characteristics
67(9)
3.6.2 Frequency-Bias-Tie-Line Control
76(5)
3.7 Loadshedding
81(6)
Problems
83(4)
Chapter 4 Voltage and Reactive Power Control
87(38)
4.1 Types of Voltage Variation
87(3)
4.2 Reactive Power Generation and Absorption
90(2)
4.2.1 Synchronous Reactance of Synchronous Generators
90(1)
4.2.2 Transformers and Overhead Lines
90(1)
4.2.3 Cables
91(1)
4.2.4 Loads
91(1)
4.3 Relation Between Voltage, Power, and Reactive Power at a Node
92(3)
4.4 Methods of Voltage Control
95(9)
4.4.1 Injection of Reactive Power
95(1)
4.4.1.1 Reactors and Shunt Capacitors
96(1)
4.4.1.2 Series Capacitors
96(1)
4.4.1.3 Synchronous Compensators
97(1)
4.4.1.4 Static Reactive Compensators and Static Synchronous Compensators
98(2)
4.4.2 Tap-Modifying Transformers
100(4)
4.5 VAR Compensator
104(1)
4.6 Objectives of Load Compensation
105(2)
4.6.1 Correcting Power Factor
105(1)
4.6.2 Controlling Voltage
106(1)
4.6.3 Balancing the Load
107(1)
4.7 Reactive Power Compensation Types
107(2)
4.7.1 Series Capacitor
107(1)
4.7.2 Synchronous Capacitors
108(1)
4.7.3 Shunt Capacitors
108(1)
4.7.4 Shunt Reactors
108(1)
4.8 Controls of Switched Shunt Capacitors
109(1)
4.9 In Power System Harmonic Distortion
109(1)
4.10 Sources of Harmonics
109(1)
4.11 Harmonic Measurement
110(1)
4.11.1 Distortion Factor
110(1)
4.11.2 Telephone Interference Factor
110(1)
4.12 Harmonic Reduction Methods
111(1)
4.12.1 Shunt Filters
111(1)
4.12.2 Filter Sequence
112(1)
4.13 Operation of Thyristor-Controlled SVCs
112(3)
4.14 SVC Parameters Calculation
115(4)
4.14.1 Static VAR Compensator Configurations
115(1)
4.14.2 Calculation of the TCR Firing Angle
116(3)
4.15 Harmonics Due to SVC Operation
119(6)
Problems
122(3)
Chapter 5 Power System Optimization
125(34)
5.1 Optimization Problem
125(2)
5.2 Form Changing of Optimization Problem
127(3)
5.2.1 Conventional Form
127(2)
5.2.2 Standard Form
129(1)
5.3 Economic Load Dispatch
130(1)
5.4 The Subject of Economic Load Dispatch
131(1)
5.5 Thermal Units Characteristics
131(6)
5.5.1 Input--Output Characteristic
132(1)
5.5.2 Incremental Cost Incremental Cost
132(5)
5.6 Economic Load Dispatch Problem Formulation
137(1)
5.7 Non-Linear Optimization Problem Using Lagrange Method
137(2)
5.8 ELD Problem Solution Regardless of Inequality Constraints
139(4)
5.9 Memorize Kuhn--Tucker Conditions for ELD Problems
143(1)
5.10 The Lambda-Iteration Method
144(2)
5.11 First-Order Gradient Search
146(3)
5.12 Second-Order Search
149(5)
5.12.1 Second-Order Search Formulation
149(3)
5.12.2 Second-Order Search Algorithm
152(2)
5.13 Basepoint and Participation Factors Method
154(5)
Problems
157(2)
Chapter 6 Economic Dispatch
159(54)
6.1 Economic Dispatch in Power System Networks
159(4)
6.2 Fuel Types and Cost
163(1)
6.3 Incremental Fuel Cost
164(1)
6.4 Optimization Techniques
164(6)
6.4.1 Economic Dispatch Neglecting Losses and Generator Limits
165(2)
6.4.2 Economic Dispatch Neglecting Losses and Including Generator Limits
167(1)
6.4.3 Economic Dispatch Including Losses
167(2)
6.4.4 The B-Coefficient and Algorithms
169(1)
6.5 Mathematic Formulation
170(15)
6.6 Optimum Power Flow
185(2)
6.7 Voltage Stability and Reactive Power Flow Problem
187(1)
6.8 Power Loss and Power Flow Control
187(1)
6.9 The Optimization Problem
188(1)
6.10 Mathematical Formulation of the Optimization Problem
188(1)
6.11 Optimization Techniques
189(1)
6.11.1 Quadratic Programming
189(1)
6.11.2 Linear Programming
189(1)
6.11.3 Fmincon Function
190(1)
6.12 Optimal Power Flow
190(4)
6.12.1 Mathematical Formulation of the OPF Problem
191(1)
6.12.2 Classification of the OPF Algorithms Solution
192(1)
6.12.3 Comparison of the OPF Algorithms Solution Classes
192(2)
6.13 Non-Linear Function Optimization
194(9)
6.14 Hydrothermal Coordination
203(1)
6.15 Different Types of Hydro-Scheduling
204(1)
6.16 Scheduling Energy
204(9)
Problems
209(4)
Chapter 7 Unit Commitment
213(22)
7.1 UC Problem Formulation
213(7)
7.2 Dynamic Programming Method
220(7)
7.3 Unit Commitment Problem Method
227(1)
7.3.1 Feasibility of Load Supply and Generation Limits
227(1)
7.3.2 Spinning Reserve
227(1)
7.4 Unit Commitment Time Consideration
228(1)
7.4.1 Minimum Up Time
228(1)
7.4.2 Crew Constraints
228(1)
7.4.3 Starting Cost
228(1)
7.5 Unit Commitment Solution Methods
229(2)
7.6 Economic Dispatch vs. Unit Commitment
231(4)
Problems
231(4)
Chapter 8 Power Systems State Estimation
235(40)
8.1 General State Estimation Definition and Functions
235(1)
8.2 Energy Management System
235(2)
8.3 Importance of State Estimators in Power Systems
237(2)
8.4 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, and Phasor Measurement Units
239(2)
8.5 Estimators of State in Practical Implementation
241(1)
8.6 Methods of State Estimation
241(14)
8.6.1 Maximum Likelihood Method
242(1)
8.6.2 Weighted Least Squares Method
243(11)
8.6.3 Minimum Variation
254(1)
8.7 Detection and Identification of Erroneous Data
255(4)
8.7.1 Identifying Bad Data
255(2)
8.7.2 Bad Data Detection in the Weighted Least Square Approach
257(1)
8.7.3 Identification and Removal of Bad Data
257(2)
8.8 Techniques of State Estimation for Non-Linear Systems
259(16)
8.8.1 Classical Kalman Filter
259(3)
8.8.2 Non-Linear Kalman Filter Methods
262(1)
8.8.3 The Extended Kalman Filter Method
262(1)
8.8.4 The Unscented Kalman Filter Method
263(7)
Problems
270(5)
Chapter 9 Load Forecasting
275(30)
9.1 Load Forecasting Solution Techniques
275(1)
9.2 Load Curves and Factors
276(4)
9.2.1 Important Terms and Factors
277(3)
9.3 Load Duration Curve
280(1)
9.4 Load Curves and Selection of the Number and Sizes of the Generation Units
280(5)
9.5 Prediction of Load and Energy Requirements
285(1)
9.6 Additive Seasonal
285(1)
9.7 The Additive Seasonal Architecture
285(3)
9.8 Forecasting Modeling
288(17)
9.8.1 The Regression Models
288(3)
9.8.2 Brown's Smoothing Method
291(1)
9.8.3 Load Forecasting Using the Additive Seasonal Model
292(1)
9.8.4 Trend Model
293(2)
9.8.5 Load Forecasting Using Quadratic Regression
295(5)
Problems
300(5)
Appendix A 305(14)
Bibliography 319(6)
Index 325
John Fuller is a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Prairie View A&M University in Prairie View, Texas. Dr. Fuller is presently the coordinator of Title III funding to the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in developing a solar-powered home. He is also Associate Director of the Center for Big Data Management located in the ECE Department.



Pamela Obiomon is the Dean of the Roy G. Perry College of Engineering at Prairie View A&M University. She is the seventh dean of the college and the first female to serve in the role.

Samir I. Abood presently works at Prairie View A & M University/ Electrical and Computer Engineering Department. His main research interests are sustainable power and energy systems, microgrids, power electronics and motor drives, digital PID Controllers, digital methods for electrical measurements, digital signal processing, and control systems.
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