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El. knyga: Pre-Historical Language Contact in Peruvian Amazonia: A dynamic approach to Shawi (Kawapanan)

(University of Queensland)
  • Formatas: 279 pages
  • Serija: Contact Language Library 58
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-May-2021
  • Leidėjas: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027260215
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: 279 pages
  • Serija: Contact Language Library 58
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-May-2021
  • Leidėjas: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027260215
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South America was populated relatively recently, probably around 15,000 years ago. Yet, instead of finding a relatively small number of language families, we find some 118 genealogical units. So far, the historical processes that underlie the current picture are not yet fully understood. This book represents a preliminary attempt at understanding the socio-historical dynamics behind language diversification in the region, focusing on the Kawapanan languages, particularly on Shawi. The book provides an introduction to the ideas behind the flux approach of Dynamic linguistics and later concentrates on prehistorical language contact, specifically in the northern Peruvian Andean sphere. The number of studies presented shed light on a layered picture in which a number of Kawapanan lects were used in non-polyglosic multilingual settings. The book explores the potential contact relationships between Kawapanan languages, Quechuan, Aymaran, Chachapuya, Cholón-Hibito, Arawak, Carib and Puelche. The analysis draws on data collected in the field over a period of eight years (2012-2020) with both Shawi and Shiwilu speakers and includes the first comprehensive grammar sketch of Shawi.
List of Figures
xi
List of Tables
xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
1 Introduction
1(26)
1.1 The South American paradox
1(5)
1.2 Theoretical considerations: From trees to waves and the emergence of a speaker-centred approach
6(7)
1.2.1 The emergence of the family tree model
6(4)
1.2.2 Wave Theory and the speaker-centred approach
10(3)
1.3 The glossography of power
13(4)
1.4 Polylectal Internally Dynamic Competence: Towards a Flux approach
17(7)
1.4.1 The rebirth of the Wave approach within Generative Semantics
18(4)
1.4.2 A Flux approach, a first sketch
22(2)
1.5 The present study
24(3)
1.5.1 Main research questions
24(1)
1.5.2 Structure of the book
25(2)
2 The Shawi Community
27(16)
2.1 Introduction
27(2)
2.2 The prehistorical Kawapanan area
29(2)
2.3 The Jesuit Missions and the colonial society
31(7)
2.4 Modern Shawi society
38(2)
2.5 The impact of modern Western society
40(3)
3 A Short Gramar Of Shawi
43(90)
3.1 Introduction
43(2)
3.1.1 Structure
44(1)
3.2 Languages, language varieties and speaker profiles
45(3)
3.2.1 Dialectology and "family tree" structure
46(1)
3.2.2 Glottonyms
47(1)
3.3 Grammatical profile
48(4)
3.4 Phonology
52(8)
3.4.1 Phonemes
52(5)
3.4.2 Syllable structure
57(1)
3.4.3 Processes
58(2)
3.5 Orthography
60(2)
3.6 Open word classes
62(28)
3.6.1 Nouns
62(11)
3.6.2 Verbs
73(17)
3.7 Closed word classes
90(9)
3.7.1 Adjectives
90(1)
3.7.2 Pronouns
91(1)
3.7.3 Deictics
92(1)
3.7.4 Numerals
92(3)
3.7.5 Adverbs
95(2)
3.7.6 Conjunctions
97(1)
3.7.7 Interjections
98(1)
3.8 Major morpho-syntactic processes
99(34)
3.8.1 Valency changing operations
99(11)
3.8.2 Nominalisation
110(11)
3.8.3 Grammatical relations and alignment
121(9)
3.8.4 Discourse elements
130(3)
4 From Proto-Kawapanan To Shawi
133(26)
4.1 Introduction
133(1)
4.2 A reconsideration of the proposal in Valenzuela Bismarck (2011)
134(5)
4.3 Rhyme correspondences
139(10)
4.3.1 Current proposal
139(10)
4.4 Some historical phonological processes in Shawi
149(6)
4.4.1 Shawi ablaut
149(3)
4.4.2 Glide amalgamation in Shawi
152(1)
4.4.3 Dispreference for word-initial e in Shawi
153(1)
4.4.4 Palatalisation in Shawi
153(1)
4.4.5 Initial a- before vowels in Shawi
154(1)
4.5 Further discussion
155(4)
5 The History Of Kawapanan Pronouns, A First Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis
159(22)
5.1 Introduction
159(4)
5.2 Using phoneme-level data in phylogenetic reconstructions
163(4)
5.2.1 Limitations of the method
166(1)
5.3 Methods
167(4)
5.3.1 Data
167(1)
5.3.2 Cognate coding and alignment
167(3)
5.3.3 Bayesian phylogenetic analysis
170(1)
5.4 Results
171(3)
5.4.1 Examples
173(1)
5.5 Discussion
174(5)
5.5.1 The Kawapanan-Puelche hypothesis and beyond
174(5)
5.6 Discussion
179(2)
6 Kawapanan In Its Geographical Context1
181(30)
6.1 Introduction
181(5)
6.2 The Farming-Agricultural Flux, the Chavin type?
186(5)
6.2.1 The Andean non-future and Subject Raising
188(2)
6.2.2 Some other features
190(1)
6.3 Further uphill, the Carib and Chachapuya elements in Kawapanan
191(6)
6.4 The Arawak trade route Flux
197(9)
6.4.1 The Arawak Matrix
197(1)
6.4.2 The Arawak lexicon in Kawapanan
198(4)
6.4.3 Predicate Raising and branching directionality change
202(4)
6.4.4 The alienable/inalienable distinction
206(1)
6.5 The Jivaroan wars Flux
206(3)
6.6 Final ideas
209(2)
7 The Maranon-Huallaga Exchange Route
211(22)
7.1 Introduction
211(1)
7.2 Linguistic survey
212(2)
7.3 Classifiers in the area
214(9)
7.3.1 Hibito-Cholon
214(3)
7.3.2 Kawapanan
217(3)
7.3.3 Muniche
220(1)
7.3.4 Quingnam
221(2)
7.4 Stones and grains as counting devices
223(5)
7.5 Sociohistorical scenario: The salt mines of Cachiyacu
228(3)
7.6 Final ideas
231(2)
8 Shawi Disassembled
233(8)
8.1 From the first settlement to the consolidation of Shawi vernaculars
234(2)
8.2 A timeline of Fluxes for the linguistic history of Kawapanan
236(2)
8.3 Avenues of future research
238(3)
References 241(18)
Index 259