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El. knyga: Pressuremeters in Geotechnical Design 2nd edition [Taylor & Francis e-book]

(University of Leeds, UK)
  • Formatas: 352 pages, 63 Tables, black and white; 240 Line drawings, black and white; 240 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Nov-2022
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003028925
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Taylor & Francis e-book
  • Kaina: 230,81 €*
  • * this price gives unlimited concurrent access for unlimited time
  • Standartinė kaina: 329,73 €
  • Sutaupote 30%
Pressuremeters in Geotechnical Design 2nd editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: 352 pages, 63 Tables, black and white; 240 Line drawings, black and white; 240 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Nov-2022
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003028925
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Taylor & Francis e-booksMore info about Taylor & Francis e-books
Partnerių interneto svetainė: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003028925
The pressuremeter is a versatile piece of ground investigation equipment that can be used to test any type of soil or rock in situ. It quantifies in-situ stress, stiffness, strength and permeability the essential properties needed to design geotechnical structures. The results are used in pressuremeter specific design methods, empirical design methods and numerical analyses.

This reference book covers the types of pressuremeter and the control equipment, methods of installation, test procedures, methods of analysis including direct and indirect methods of interpretation, and application in design. This is supported by an exemplar specification for field operations with the interpretation of the results. Engineers are given enough detail to apply the results confidently.

This comprehensive and thorough discussion of pressuremeter testing in geotechnical design draws on over forty years experience in geotechnical engineering. It is essential for professional and academic engineering geologists and geotechnical, civil and structural engineers involved in ground investigation and geotechnical design.
Preface to the first edition xi
Preface to the second edition xiii
About the author xv
List of symbols
xvii
1 Introduction
1(16)
1.1 Introduction
1(6)
1.2 Definition of a pressuremeter
7(1)
1.3 The development of the pressuremeter
8(1)
1.4 The pressuremeter test
9(3)
1.4.1 The probe
9(2)
1.4.2 The expansion curve
11(1)
1.5 Summary
12(5)
2 Pressuremeter probes and testing equipment
17(36)
2.1 Introduction
17(1)
2.2 Key features of pressuremeters
17(4)
2.2.1 The probe
17(3)
2.2.2 The control unit
20(1)
2.3 Prebored pressuremeters
21(9)
2.3.1 The Menard pressuremeter
21(5)
2.3.2 The Oyometer
26(1)
2.3.3 The high-pressure dilatometer
27(2)
2.3.4 Other prebored pressuremeters
29(1)
2.4 Self-boring pressuremeters
30(12)
2.4.1 The pressiometre autoforeur
33(2)
2.4.2 The Cambridge self-boring pressuremeter
35(4)
2.4.3 The weak rock self-boring pressuremeter
39(2)
2.4.4 Other self-boring pressuremeters
41(1)
2.5 Full-displacement pressuremeters
42(4)
2.5.1 Full-displacement or cone pressuremeter
44(1)
2.5.2 The Stressprobe
45(1)
2.6 Specialist probes
46(1)
2.7 Standards
47(1)
2.8 Summary
48(5)
3 Site operations
53(62)
3.1 Introduction
53(1)
3.2 Installation techniques
53(21)
3.2.1 Introduction
53(1)
3.2.2 Ground conditions
54(1)
3.2.3 Prebored pressuremeters
55(10)
3.2.4 The self-boring pressuremeter
65(8)
3.2.5 The full-displacement pressuremeter
73(1)
3.3 Calibrations
74(16)
3.3.1 Introduction
74(1)
3.3.2 Pressure gauges
74(1)
3.3.3 Displacement transducers
74(1)
3.3.4 Total pressure transducers
75(1)
3.3.5 Effective pressure and pore pressure transducers
76(1)
3.3.6 Membrane stiffness
76(2)
3.3.7 Membrane thinning
78(2)
3.3.8 Membrane compression
80(2)
3.3.9 System compression
82(1)
3.3.10 Pressure loss
83(1)
3.3.11 Volume loss
84(1)
3.3.12 The initial dimension of the probe and readings of the transducers
85(2)
3.3.13 Frequency and relevance of calibrations
87(3)
3.4 On-site system checks
90(1)
3.5 The test
91(13)
3.5.1 Introduction
91(1)
3.5.2 The Menard method
92(3)
3.5.3 Stress-controlled tests
95(3)
3.5.4 Strain-controlled tests
98(1)
3.5.5 Additional test procedures
99(3)
3.5.6 Testing in ice
102(1)
3.5.7 Summary of test procedures
103(1)
3.6 Termination of a test
104(3)
3.6.1 Introduction
104(1)
3.6.2 Maximum pressure capacity
104(1)
3.6.3 Maximum oil volume capacity
104(2)
3.6.4 Burst membranes
106(1)
3.6.5 Maximum displacement
106(1)
3.7 Reduction of data and initial plots
107(4)
3.7.1 Introduction
107(1)
3.7.2 The Menard pressuremeter test and other volume type pressuremeter tests
107(2)
3.7.3 Radial displacement type PBP tests
109(1)
3.7.4 Radial displacement type SBP tests
110(1)
3.7.5 Radial displacement type FDP tests
110(1)
3.8 Summary
111(4)
4 Analysis of expanding cavities
115(48)
4.1 Introduction
115(2)
4.2 Constitutive models
117(3)
4.3 Distribution of stress and strain
120(2)
4.4 Elastic ground
122(1)
4.5 Undrained expansion of cylindrical cavity
123(10)
4.5.1 General analysis
123(2)
4.5.2 Linear elastic perfectly plastic soil
125(2)
4.5.3 Non-linear material
127(4)
4.5.4 Critical state models
131(2)
4.6 Drained expansion of a cylindrical cavity (tests in sand)
133(9)
4.6.1 Volume changes
133(2)
4.6.2 General analysis
135(3)
4.6.3 Very dense sands
138(2)
4.6.4 State parameter
140(2)
4.7 Tests in rock
142(4)
4.8 Specific analyses
146(6)
4.8.1 Non-linear stiffness
146(4)
4.8.2 Undrained analysis assuming entire expansion at the limit pressure
150(1)
4.8.3 Coefficient of consolidation
151(1)
4.9 Numerical methods
152(3)
4.10 Summary
155(8)
5 Factors affecting the interpretation of pressuremeter tests
163(20)
5.1 Introduction
163(1)
5.2 Factors affecting parameters derived from pressuremeter tests
163(15)
5.2.1 Introduction
163(2)
5.2.2 Effects of installation
165(3)
5.2.3 Effects of the in situ stress
168(2)
5.2.4 Effects of stress history
170(1)
5.2.5 Effects of discontinuities and bands of hard and soft layers
171(1)
5.2.6 Effects of particle type
172(1)
5.2.7 Effects of test procedure
172(3)
5.2.8 Effects of test cavity shape
175(2)
5.2.9 Effects of probe type
177(1)
5.2.10 Effects of depth of embedment
178(1)
5.3 Summary
178(5)
6 Interpretation of pressuremeter tests
183(72)
6.1 Introduction
183(1)
6.2 Data quality and ground type
183(3)
6.2.1 Introduction
183(1)
6.2.2 Quality of installation
183(2)
6.2.3 Ground type
185(1)
6.3 Interpretation of an MPM test
186(5)
6.3.1 The pressuremeter modulus and modified limit pressure
186(4)
6.3.2 Fitting a curve to an MPM test
190(1)
6.4 Estimating horizontal stress from a pressuremeter test
191(19)
6.4.1 Lift-off method
193(6)
6.4.2 Methods based on shear strength
199(4)
6.4.3 Methods based on test procedure
203(1)
6.4.4 Curve-fitting methods
204(5)
6.4.5 Correlations
209(1)
6.4.6 The subjectivity of the selection of horizontal stress
210(1)
6.5 Modulus
210(11)
6.5.1 Initial modulus
211(1)
6.5.2 Unload/reload modulus
211(4)
6.5.3 Non-linear stiffness profile
215(6)
6.6 Undrained shear strength
221(10)
6.6.1 General analysis
222(4)
6.6.2 Elastic perfectly plastic soil
226(5)
6.7 Angles of friction and dilation
231(7)
6.8 Limit pressure
238(2)
6.9 Consolidation and creep
240(5)
6.10 Overconsolidation ratio
245(1)
6.11 Numerical analyses
246(3)
6.12 Summary
249(6)
7 Design rules and applications
255(90)
7.1 Introduction
255(2)
7.2 The direct method: the Menard method
257(25)
7.2.1 Shallow foundations
258(6)
7.2.2 Axially loaded piles
264(12)
7.2.3 Horizontally loaded piles
276(1)
7.2.4 Grouted anchors
277(2)
7.2.5 Ground improvement
279(2)
7.2.6 The Menard method based on results of other pressuremeter tests
281(1)
7.3 Other direct design methods for horizontally loaded piles
282(7)
7.4 Comparisons between results of pressuremeter and other tests
289(27)
7.4.1 Total horizontal stress
290(4)
7.4.2 Stiffness
294(9)
7.4.3 Undrained shear strength
303(6)
7.4.4 Angle of friction
309(3)
7.4.5 Limit pressure
312(2)
7.4.6 Penetration tests
314(2)
7.5 Applications
316(14)
7.5.1 Use of pressuremeter results in design
316(9)
7.5.2 Use of pressuremeter tests in complex ground
325(5)
7.6 Summary
330(15)
8 Choosing and specifying a pressuremeter
345(16)
8.1 Introduction
345(1)
8.2 Current state of pressuremeter testing
345(6)
8.3 Choosing a pressuremeter
351(2)
8.4 A typical specification
353(5)
8.5 Costs
358(1)
8.6 Future developments
359(2)
Appendix: Specifications and quantities 361(16)
Index 377
Barry Clarke has over forty years experience in geotechnical engineering. He worked in ground investigation before joining the University of Cambridge to undertake research into pressuremeters. This led to the formation of a company specialising in pressuremeter testing which worked internationally. He is currently a Professor in Civil Engineering Geotechnics at the University of Leeds after a time at Newcastle University where he was Head of Civil Engineering. He is an active member of the geotechnical and civil engineering communities having been Chair of the British Geotechnical Society and President of the Institution of Civil Engineers.
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