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El. knyga: Psychosis Under Discussion: How We Talk About Madness

(Consultant in private practice, UK)
  • Formatas: 184 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Nov-2017
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351975544
  • Formatas: 184 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Nov-2017
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351975544

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Psychosis Under Discussion: How We Talk About Madness examines the ways in which psychosis is discussed by considering the relationship between language and the perception of mental disorder. A wide range of perspectives is discussed – including historical terms, personal accounts, psychiatric terminology, psychoanalysis and later theoretical analyses, advocacy, anti-psychiatry, slang and humour, and media coverage – and each way of discussing psychosis is revealing. For example, psychiatric terminology and related research, in its efforts to understand and clarify can seem distancing, dispassionate, and too sure of its ground, whereas the language of advocacy, while being supportive and sensitive, can also seem euphemistic and evasive.

In the discourse of mental disorder, both the content of views and the manner in which they are expressed are influential, making it important to take into account both. Psychosis Under Discussion puts these and other important issues under the microscope. International in range, the book’s analysis draws on psychiatry, psychology, philosophy, linguistics and history. Written in Michael Farrell’s well-known clear and direct style, the book is essential reading for all those interested in understanding mental disorder and the role of language.

1 Introduction
1(7)
To begin with
1(1)
Language in relation to mental disorders
2(1)
Some aspects of language
2(1)
Language and mental disorders
2(1)
Psychosis and other disorders
3(1)
Medical and other perspectives
3(1)
Psychosis and psychopathy
3(1)
Madness
4(1)
Aims of the book
4(1)
Proposed readers
4(1)
Structure and content of the book
5(2)
Historical terminology
5(1)
Personal accounts of psychosis
5(1)
Psychiatric terminology
5(1)
Psychoanalysis and beyond
6(1)
Advocacy
6(1)
Anti-psychiatry
6(1)
Slang and humour
7(1)
Media coverage
7(1)
Conclusion
7(1)
Moving on -- looking back
7(1)
2 Historical terminology
8(17)
Introduction
8(1)
Chronology and history regarding mental disorders and psychiatry
8(3)
Chronology
8(1)
Psychiatry and chronology
9(1)
History and interpretation
10(1)
Psychiatry and historical interpretation
10(1)
Considering terms historically
11(3)
Mad and insane
12(1)
Lunatic
13(1)
Maniac
14(1)
Developing classifications of psychosis over time
14(6)
The French contribution
15(1)
Early uses of the term `psychosis'
15(1)
Kraepelin and dementia praecox
16(1)
Bleuler and schizophrenia
17(1)
Karl Jaspers
18(1)
Kurt Schneider
19(1)
Paul Julius Mobius
19(1)
Manic depression
19(1)
Further developments
20(1)
Changes relating to perceived negative labelling
20(2)
Conclusion
22(1)
Thinking points
23(1)
Key texts
23(1)
Internet resources
24(1)
3 Personal accounts of psychosis
25(16)
Introduction
25(1)
Second-hand sources directly quoting a patient's speech
25(1)
First-hand accounts
26(8)
The Reverend Mr. George Trosse
26(1)
John Perceval
26(2)
The `madness letters' of Friedrich Nietzsche
28(1)
Schreber's Memoirs of My Nervous Illness
28(1)
Nijinsky's diaries
29(1)
`Renee'
30(1)
David C. Boyles's My Punished Mind
31(2)
Elyn Saks
33(1)
An 18-year-old man
33(1)
Dominic
34(1)
Andrew, a 17-year-old student
34(1)
Discussion of personal accounts
34(3)
The chronological range of the accounts considered
34(1)
Strengths of first-hand accounts
35(1)
Can psychotic states be conveyed from the inside'?
35(1)
The shaping of accounts
36(1)
Common threads in personal accounts
37(1)
Conclusion
38(1)
Thinking points
39(1)
Note
39(1)
Key texts
39(2)
4 Psychiatric terminology
41(17)
Introduction
41(1)
Psychiatry and a psychiatric view
41(2)
Psychiatric definition of psychoses
43(1)
Psychosis in disorders
44(4)
Disorders with which psychosis is fundamental or associated
44(1)
Schizophrenia
44(1)
Delusional disorder
45(1)
Brief psychotic disorder
45(1)
Schizophreniform disorder
45(1)
Schizoaffective disorder
46(1)
Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder
46(1)
Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition
46(1)
Catatonia
47(1)
Personality disorders: schizotypal personality disorder
47(1)
Depressive disorders: major depression and persistent depressive disorder
47(1)
Bipolar disorders I and II
48(1)
Terminology associated with psychiatry and psychosis
48(4)
Medical and scientific terminology
48(1)
Psychiatric terms in general
49(1)
Psychiatric terms associated with psychosis
49(1)
Greek and Latin origins
50(1)
Categorisation and classification
50(1)
Challenges relating to apparently straightforward terms
51(1)
Alternative views
52(3)
Representations of a `medical model'
52(1)
Continua and similarities between psychosis and everyday experiences
53(2)
Presenting a relativist view of psychosis
55(1)
Conclusion
55(2)
Thinking points
57(1)
Key texts
57(1)
5 Psychoanalysis and beyond
58(16)
Introduction
58(1)
Freudian psychoanalysis
58(2)
Freud, psychoanalysis and psychosis
58(1)
Id, ego and super ego
59(1)
Drives
59(1)
Developmental sexual stages
60(1)
Psychical processes and psychoanalysis
60(1)
Freud and psychosis
60(3)
Neurosis and psychosis
60(1)
Loss of reality
61(1)
Freud's interpretation of Schreber's Memoirs
61(1)
Language and Freudian psychoanalysis
62(1)
Interpersonal psychoanalysis and psychosis
63(1)
Kleinian analysis
64(4)
Melanie Klein
64(1)
Klein's work
64(1)
Klein and the `paranoid-schizoid position'
65(1)
Klein and the `depressive position'
66(1)
Klein's influence
67(1)
Kleinian language
67(1)
Lacan on psychosis
68(2)
Lacan's work
68(1)
Lacan's broad ideas
68(1)
Lacan and psychosis
69(1)
Language and Lacan's theories
69(1)
Deleuze and Guattari
70(1)
Anti-Oedipus
70(1)
Schizoanalysis and emancipation
71(1)
Language and Deleuze and Guattari
71(1)
Conclusion
71(2)
Thinking points
73(1)
Key texts
73(1)
6 Advocacy
74(17)
Introduction
74(1)
Mad Pride
74(1)
`The Medical Model and Mental Hospitalization'
75(2)
A social approach
77(3)
Social perspectives and social model
77(1)
A historical-materialist account
77(1)
Symbolic interactionism and the social production of reality
78(1)
Labelling theory
79(1)
Advocacy in action
80(2)
Advocacy and its sources
82(1)
MindFreedom and views about language use
83(1)
Concerns about the `medical model'
83(1)
Concerns about secrecy and power
84(1)
Risk of negative labelling
84(1)
Discrimination
85(1)
Diagnosis and discrimination
85(1)
`Sanism' as discrimination
85(1)
Rejecting medical terminology
85(1)
`Mentally ill' and other medical terms
85(1)
Reasons for replacing the term `mentally ill'
86(1)
Changing language
86(1)
Alternatives to rejected terms
86(3)
Highlighting the label
86(1)
Users, survivors and `experience of'
87(1)
Euphemism
87(1)
Quotation marks and other approaches
88(1)
Conclusion
89(1)
Thinking points
90(1)
Note
90(1)
Key text
90(1)
Internet resources
90(1)
7 Anti-psychiatry
91(16)
Introduction
91(1)
What is anti-psychiatry?
91(2)
Erving Goffman's Asylums
93(3)
Total institutions
93(1)
Characteristics of total institutions
94(1)
Moral career
94(1)
Underlife
95(1)
Thomas Szasz and the myth of mental illness
96(2)
Ronald David Laing
98(2)
Modern anti-psychiatry messages
100(1)
Evaluation of anti-psychiatry views and language
101(3)
Goffman
101(1)
Szasz
102(1)
Laing
103(1)
Anti-psychiatry videos
103(1)
Conclusion
104(1)
Thinking points
105(1)
Notes
106(1)
Key texts
106(1)
8 Slang and humour
107(18)
Introduction
107(1)
The nature of slang
107(2)
Specified groups and taboo areas
108(1)
Slang relating to psychiatrists or psychotherapists
109(1)
Slang for mental disorder
109(4)
Historical derivations
109(1)
Animal and plant analogies
110(1)
Oddness or incapableness
110(1)
Loss, incompleteness or dysfunction
111(1)
Incorrect ideas of causation or misidentification
112(1)
Shortened terms and diminished importance
112(1)
Causation of madness
113(1)
Slang and derogatory language for mental disorders
113(1)
Humour and jokes
114(5)
The nature of humour and its variety
114(1)
Jokes and their qualities
115(1)
Jokes relating to madness
116(1)
Jokes about psychosis
116(1)
Jokes about schizophrenia
117(1)
Jokes about delusions
118(1)
Jokes about hallucinations
118(1)
Jokes about psychiatry and psychoanalysis
119(1)
Madness jokes
119(2)
The content and purpose of madness jokes
119(1)
The mechanics of madness jokes
120(1)
The enduring use of slang and humour associated with mental disorder
121(2)
Distaste of slang and humour
121(1)
Persistence of slang
122(1)
Continuation of humour
122(1)
Conclusion
123(1)
Thinking points
123(1)
Note
123(1)
Key text
123(1)
Internet resources
124(1)
9 Media coverage
125(16)
Introduction
125(1)
Media and mental health
125(1)
Breadth of media coverage
126(1)
Psycho-killer interest
126(1)
Television drama
126(1)
Police drama
126(1)
Other examples
127(1)
Movies
127(2)
Themes in movie and television depictions
129(1)
Psychotic-killer character
129(1)
Psychotic killer in cat-and-mouse plots
129(1)
Psychotic killer as suspense device
129(1)
The effect of representations in movies and television drama
130(1)
News stories
131(3)
The range of sources of news
131(1)
1,200 killed by mental patients
131(1)
The real Norman Bates psycho killer
132(1)
Psychiatrist slain, sad debate deepens
133(1)
A schizophrenic, a slain worker, troubling questions
133(1)
What a tragic waste
134(1)
Killer nanny who beheaded a 4-year-old girl `kept her schizophrenia secret'
134(1)
News depictions of psychotic killers
134(2)
Selection
134(2)
Balance
136(1)
Killings discussed as examples in policy debate
136(1)
Reasons for negative depictions
136(1)
Strategies for increasing understanding of mental disorders
137(1)
Promoting more positive images
137(2)
Conclusion
139(1)
Thinking points
140(1)
Notes
140(1)
Key texts
140(1)
10 Conclusion
141
Introduction
141(1)
Overview
141(5)
Changes in terms over time
141(1)
Personal accounts
142(1)
Psychiatry
142(1)
Psychoanalysis and beyond
143(1)
Advocacy
144(1)
Anti-psychiatry
144(1)
Slang and humour
145(1)
Mass media
145(1)
Can style reflect motives?
146(1)
If style reflects motives, what are the consequences?
147(1)
Attempting to change words relating to `psychosis' and implications
148(1)
A final few words
149
Michael Farrell managed a UK-wide psychometric project for City University, London and directed a national initial teacher-training project for the UK Government Department of Education; for over a decade, he led teams inspecting mainstream and special schools and units (boarding, day, hospital, psychiatric). Currently, he works as a private consultant with a range of clients and has lectured or provided consultancy services in various countries including China, Japan, the Seychelles, Australia, Peru, Sweden and the UK. He has broadcast on the BBC World Service and on UK national radio and has written articles in a range of medical, psychological, legal and educational journals. His many books, which are translated into European and Asian languages, include Debating Special Education (Routledge, 2010) and New Perspectives in Special Education: Contemporary Philosophical Debates (Routledge, 2012).