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El. knyga: Putting Universities in their Place: An Evidence-based Approach to Understanding the Contribution of Higher Education to Local and Regional Development

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There have been several attempts in recent years to create conceptual frameworks and models to help universities and policy makers understand the role and contribution of higher education to local and regional development. However, these models have failed to fully reflect or give insufficient attention to the impact of the regional context (economic, social, political), the policy environment for higher education and territorial development and the diversity of management and leadership structures of universities themselves. This has led to the development of static models that rarely work outside of the immediate context in which they were developed and therefore risk leading to design of policies that are not fi t for purpose. This Policy Expo is the result of work with partners in Europe, South America, Africa, Asia and Australia to develop a new approach, the ORPHIC Framework, to think about how the university that can be adapted to the specificity of institutional and local contexts. The book examines:

• What are the different roles that universities play in local and regional development and how do these manifest themselves?

• How can we learn from comparing practice and experience internationally, and to what extent are policies aimed at promoting university-region relationships transferrable?

• What are the internal university factors, such as management and leadership, history, mission, structures, and the external factors, such as territorial development policy context, governance system, nature of the ‘place’, that might help us explain the nature of the relationship?



This Policy Expo is the result of work with partners in Europe, South America, Africa, Asia and Australia to develop a new approach, the ORPHIC Framework, to think about how the university that can be adapted to the specificity of institutional and local contexts.

PUTTING UNIVERSITIES in THEIR PLACE: An evidence-based approach to understanding the contribution of higher education to local and regional development
Foreword 1(2)
About the Authors 3(2)
Executive summary 5(2)
Key recommendations 7(2)
1 Introduction
9(4)
Note
11(2)
2 Understanding the Contributions of Universities to Regional Development
13(20)
2.1 Introduction
14(1)
2.2 Evolution of the "Idea" of the university
14(4)
2.3 Universities as regional actors
18(3)
2.4 How universities contribute to (Regional) economic development
21(2)
2.4.1 Anchoring local employment and expenditure
22(1)
2.4.2 Supplying graduates for regional labour markets
22(1)
2.4.3 Enabling innovation through research and knowledge transfer
22(1)
2.5 Anchoring local employment and expenditure
23(2)
2.6 Supplying graduates for regional labour markets
25(1)
2.7 Enabling innovation through research and knowledge transfer
26(2)
2.8 Conclusions
28(1)
Notes
28(5)
3 Examining University Models in Regional Development
33(12)
3.1 Introduction
34(1)
3.2 The entrepreneurial university
34(2)
3.3 The engaged university
36(3)
3.4 The system-based university
39(1)
3.5 Conclusions
40(1)
Notes
41(4)
4 Placing Universities and Regional Relationships in Context
45(16)
4.1 Introduction
46(1)
4.2 Domains of territorial engagement
47(8)
4.3 Conditions for territorial engagement
55(3)
4.4 Conclusions
58(1)
Notes
58(3)
5 Putting Universities in Their Place: the Orphic Framework
61(18)
5.1 Introduction
62(1)
5.2 Challenges for university-place collaboration
62(3)
5.2.1 Internally derived challenges
63(1)
5.2.2 Externally derived challenges
63(1)
5.2.2.1 The nature of the place
63(1)
5.2.2.2 Impact of the policy environment
64(1)
5.3 Developing a new framework for collaboration
65(1)
5.4 Findings from the consultation and call for evidence
66(5)
5.4.1 Do size and age matter?
66(2)
5.4.2 Does the regional configuration of HE make a difference?
68(1)
5.4.3 How significant is the regional economic context?
69(1)
5.4.4 What is the effect of the policy context?
70(1)
5.5 Insights for policymaking
71(3)
5.6 The ORPHIC Framework
74(1)
Notes
75(4)
6 Recommendations for Policymakers
79(2)
Glossary 81(4)
Appendix A Responses to the survey questionnaire 85
Louise Kempton is Senior Research Associate at the Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies (CURDS), Newcastle University, UK.

Maria Conceiēćo Rego is Professor in the Department of Economics and a researcher in the Centre for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics (CEFAGE), University of Évora, Portugal.

Lucir Reinaldo Alves is Professor in the Department of Economics and a researcher in the Centre for Regional Development (NDR), Western Paranį State University, Brazil and a researcher in the Centre of Geographical Studies (CEG) at the University of Lisbon, Portugal.

Paul Vallance is a Research Associate in the Centre for Regional Economic and Enterprise Development (CREED), Sheffield University Management School, University of Sheffield, UK.

Maurķcio Aguiar Serra is Professor of Economic Development in the Institute of Economics, University of Campinas, Brazil.

Mark Tewdwr-Jones is UCL Bartlett Professor of Cities and Regions, The Bartlett Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), University College London, UK.