Concise guide offering a thorough exploration of the transformative technology of photon counting
Rad Techs Guide to Photon Counting Computed Tomography is a comprehensive resource that enables readers to stay at the forefront of medical imaging with the first FDA-cleared Photon Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) scanner. Ensuring compliance and cutting-edge practice, readers can prepare for the future with a guide that addresses upcoming educational requirements in medical imaging technology. This book is designed for quick reference, with precise, bulleted guidance, and material that aligns with international standards.
Rad Techs Guide to Photon Counting Computed Tomography includes information on:
- Essential physics of radiation attenuation in CT and the physical principles of MSCT imaging, with a review of CT image quality
- Fundamental physical principles of PCCT, including the technical design characteristics of their semiconductor sensors and associated electronics
- Advantages of PCCT systems compared to CT systems using EIDs, with each advantage illustrated with selected anatomical areas
- Elements of the ACR manual for quality control of CT systems and quality assurance programs for a PCD CT imaging system
Suitable for an international audience, Rad Techs Guide to Photon Counting Computed Tomography is an excellent reference for professionals and practitioners in the fields of computed tomography, nuclear medicine, diagnostic medical sonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and biomedical engineering technology.
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xiii
1. The Invention of the Computed Tomography Scanner and the Nobel Prize 1
Introduction 2
What Is Computed Tomography? 2
Invention of the Computed Tomography Scanner: Contribution of the Pioneers
2
Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield 3
Allan MacLeod Cormack 4
Physical Principles and Technology of Computed Tomography: A Brief Overview
4
Major Processes of Computed Tomography Imaging 5
The Evolution of Computed Tomography Detectors 7
Photon- Counting Detectors: Current State of Computed Tomography Imaging 8
References 9
2. Conventional Computed Tomography: Essential Physics and Technology 13
Introduction 14
Radiation Attenuation Considerations in Computed Tomography: Essential
Physics 15
Attenuation and Computed Tomography Numbers 17
Multislice Computed Tomography: Principles and Technology 19
Slip- Ring Technology 21
X- Ray Tubes for Multislice Computed Tomography Scanners 21
Interpolation: An Essential Concept for Multislice Computed Tomography
Imaging 22
Image Reconstruction Algorithms in a Nutshell 22
Detector Technology: Key Features 28
Limitations of Energy Integrating Detectors: Image Quality Considerations
30
References 31
3. Photon- Counting Computed Tomography: Physical Principles and Technology
33
Introduction 34
Historical Perspectives 36
Photon- Counting Detectors for Computed Tomography Imaging Early
Preclinical Works 37
Computed Tomography Detectors: Physical Principles and Technology 38
Energy- Integrating Detectors 39
Photon- Counting Detectors 43
Photon- Counting Detectors: Physical Principles and Technology 44
Basic Structure and Function of a Photon- Counting Detector 44
Image Reconstruction in Photon- Counting Computed Tomography 51
Advantages of Photon- Counting Computed Tomography at a Glance 51
Technical Limitations of Photon- Counting Detectors 52
References 55
4. Advantages of Photon Counting Computed Tomography 59
Introduction 59
Advantages of Photon- Counting Detectors 60
Higher/Improved Spatial Resolution 60
Electronic Noise Removal 63
Energy Weighting/Improved Contrast Resolution 65
Increased Dose Efficiency 66
Correction of Beam- Hardening Artifacts 68
Material- Specific Imaging/Multienergy Acquisition 68
References 70
5. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Considerations 75
Introduction 76
What Is Quality Assurance/Quality Control? 76
Three Major Components of a Quality Control Program 77
Performance Criteria 78
The American College of Radiology Quality Control Manual for Computed
Tomography 78
The American College of Radiology Computed Tomography Phantom 79
Establishing a Quality Control Program for a Clinical Photon Counting
Detector Computed Tomography System 80
A Word About Virtual Monoenergetic Images 82
QC Testing 84
Results 84
References 88
6. Clinical Applications of Photon-Counting Computed Tomography: A Brief
Overview 91
Introduction 92
Clinical Applications of Photon-Counting Computed Tomography 94
Chest Imaging 95
Temporal Bone Imaging 95
Abdominal Imaging 97
Musculoskeletal Imaging 98
Cardiovascular Imaging 103
Conclusion 107
References 107
Index 111
Euclid Seeram, PhD., MSc., BSc., FCAMRT is Former Program Head of Medical Imaging Degree and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Programs, British Columbia Institute of Technology, British Columbia, Canada.
He is Adjunct Associate Professor, Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Adjunct Professor, Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Australia.
