Preface |
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xi | |
Acknowledgements |
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xiii | |
Author |
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xv | |
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Chapter 1 Catalysis Preparation and Characterization |
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1 | (42) |
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1.1 Introduction: Basic Concept and Origin of Catalysis |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Cataloging Catalytic Material |
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2 | (7) |
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1.2.1 Homogeneous Catalysis |
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2 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Heterogeneous Catalysis |
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2 | (2) |
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1.2.2.1 Nanoscale Catalytic Materials |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.2.3 Supported Catalysts |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (1) |
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1.3 Catalyst Preparation Techniques |
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9 | (10) |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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1.3.2.1 Theory of Nucleation |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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1.3.5 Chemical Vapor Deposition |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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1.3.7 Immobilization of Catalysts |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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1.4 Catalyst Characterization Techniques |
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19 | (14) |
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1.4.1 X-ray Diffraction (XRD) |
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19 | (2) |
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1.4.2 Porosity Measurements |
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21 | (2) |
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1.4.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) |
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23 | (1) |
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1.4.4 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) |
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24 | (1) |
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1.4.5 Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (1) |
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1.4.8 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) |
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30 | (3) |
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1.5 Industrial Catalytic Processes |
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33 | (10) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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1.5.3 Selective Oxidation |
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36 | (1) |
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1.5.4 Fischer-Tropsch Process |
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36 | (1) |
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1.5.5 Biodiesel Production |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (5) |
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Chapter 2 Reactor Design: Mole and Energy Balance |
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43 | (142) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (30) |
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45 | (4) |
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49 | (2) |
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2.2.2.1 Balance for Reactant A |
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51 | (1) |
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2.2.2.2 Balance for Reactant B |
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52 | (5) |
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2.2.3 Continuous Reactors |
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57 | (1) |
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2.2.3.1 Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) |
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58 | (4) |
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2.2.3.2 Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) |
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62 | (8) |
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2.2.3.3 Pack Bed Reactor (PBR) |
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70 | (1) |
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2.2.3.4 Membrane Reactor (MR) |
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71 | (2) |
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73 | (6) |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (1) |
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2.6 Moles Balance Calculations |
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82 | (4) |
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2.7 Reaction in Gas Phase |
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86 | (8) |
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94 | (6) |
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100 | (13) |
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101 | (3) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (4) |
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110 | (3) |
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2.10 Equilibrium Reactions |
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113 | (4) |
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2.11 Non-Isothermal Reactors |
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117 | (35) |
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122 | (8) |
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2.11.1.1 Adiabatic Process for a Reaction at Equilibrium |
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130 | (4) |
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2.11.2 Plug Flow with Heat Added/Removed at a Constant Outside Temperature |
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134 | (7) |
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2.11.3 Co-Current Heating/Cooling Fluid System |
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141 | (1) |
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2.11.4 Counter Current Heating/Cooling Fluid System |
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142 | (5) |
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2.11.5 CSTR with Heat Transfer |
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147 | (5) |
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2.12 Non-Isothermal, Non-Steady State Reactors |
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152 | (7) |
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153 | (1) |
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2.12.2 Semi-Batch Reactor |
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154 | (5) |
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2.13 Multiple Reaction System in a Plug Flow Reactor |
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159 | (7) |
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2.14 Multiple Reactions in a Batch or Semi-Batch Reactor |
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166 | (19) |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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172 | (13) |
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Chapter 3 Reaction Kinetics |
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185 | (74) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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3.3 Non-Elementary Reactions |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (1) |
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3.5 Evaluation of Experimental Data |
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188 | (6) |
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189 | (1) |
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3.5.2 Differential Method |
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190 | (4) |
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194 | (1) |
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3.6 Kinetics Modeling for Simple Reactions |
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194 | (15) |
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3.6.1 1-Phase Irreversible Reaction |
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195 | (1) |
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3.6.2 1-Phase Reversible Reaction |
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196 | (1) |
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3.6.2.1 Equilibrium Method |
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196 | (3) |
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199 | (1) |
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3.6.3 2-Phase Irreversible Reaction |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (2) |
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3.6.4 2-Phase Reversible Reaction |
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202 | (1) |
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3.6.4.1 Equilibrium Method |
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202 | (5) |
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207 | (2) |
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3.7 Kinetic Modeling of Complex Systems |
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209 | (16) |
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3.7.1 Homogeneous Systems |
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210 | (9) |
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3.7.2 Heterogeneous Systems |
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219 | (6) |
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3.8 Catalyst Deactivation |
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225 | (3) |
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3.9 Mass Transfer Limitations |
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228 | (31) |
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3.9.1 Internal Mass Transfer Limitations |
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231 | (2) |
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233 | (2) |
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235 | (3) |
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3.9.2 Overall Mass Transfer Limitations |
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238 | (11) |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (9) |
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Chapter 4 Completely Solved Example |
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259 | (101) |
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259 | (1) |
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4.2 Description of the Problem |
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260 | (1) |
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4.3 Laboratory Equipment Employed |
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260 | (1) |
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4.4 Experimental Procedure |
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261 | (1) |
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4.5 Sample Analysis and Errors |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (6) |
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269 | (5) |
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4.8 Comparison of Data and Model 1 |
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274 | (7) |
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281 | (10) |
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4.10 Comparison of Data and Model 2 |
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291 | (12) |
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4.11 Final Expression for Kinetics |
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303 | (1) |
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4.12 Simulation of an Isothermal Plug Flow Reactor Using Kinetics from 4.11 |
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304 | (3) |
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4.13 Simulation of an Adiabatic Plug Flow Reactor with the Kinetics from 4.11 |
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307 | (3) |
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4.14 Simulation of a Constant Heat Transfer Plug Flow Reactor with Kinetics from 4.11 |
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310 | (4) |
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4.15 Simulation of a Co-Current Heat Transfer Flow in a Plug Flow Reactor with Kinetics from 4.11 |
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314 | (4) |
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4.16 Simulation of a Counter-Current Heat Transfer Flow in a Plug Flow Reactor with Kinetics from 4.11 |
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318 | (5) |
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4.17 Comparison For A Gas Phase System with Pressure Drop |
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323 | (37) |
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323 | (6) |
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329 | (7) |
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4.17.3 Constant External Temperature |
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336 | (7) |
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4.17.4 Co-Current External Flow |
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343 | (6) |
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4.17.5 Counter-Current External Flow |
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349 | (7) |
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4.17.6 Comparison of Previous Cases |
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356 | (4) |
References |
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360 | (1) |
Index |
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361 | |