Creole studies embrace a wide range is disciplines: history, ethnography, geography, sociology, etc. The phenomenon of creolization has come to be recognized as widespread; creolization presupposes contact, and that is a human universal. The present anthology discusses social, historical and theoretical aspects of over twenty pidgins and creoles. Part one deals with general theoretical issues, especially those relating to pidgin language formation and expansion. Part two deals with those pidgins and creoles lexically related to indigenous African languages, and with incipient features of creolization in African languages themselves; part three with those related to Romance languages, and part four with those related to English. Throughout the volume, several current debates are taken up, including the still unsettled issues of creole language origins and classification.
1. Forward;
2. Part one: general theory;
3. 1. Prolegomena to any sane
creology (by Givon, T.);
4. 2. Some remarks on the baby talk theory and the
relexification theory (by Koefoed, Geert);
5. 3. Simplification,
pidginization and language change (by Samarin, William J.);
6. 4. Social
interaction and the development of stabilized pidgins (by Stoller, Paul);
7.
5. On the origins of the term pidgin (by Hancock, Ian F.);
8. Part two:
african language related;
9. 6. Some linguistic characteristics of
African-based pidgins (by Heine, Bernd);
10. 7. Commercial Dyula: a pidgin's
first cousin (by Gingiss, Peter);
11. 8. Some further comments on Urban
Dioula (by Partmann, Gayle);
12. 9. The context is the message:
morphological, syntactic and semantic reduction and deletion in Nairobi and
Kampala varieties of Swahili (by Myers-Scotton, Carol);
13. 10. Non-standard
forms of Swahili in west-central Kenya (by Duran, James J.);
14. 11. The
origin and development of Lingala (by Knappert, Jan);
15. 12. Free variation
in the concord system of written Lingala (by Rottland, Franz);
16. 13. Fula:
a language of change (by Noss, Philip A.);
17. 14. French loanwords in Sango:
the motivation of lexical borrowing (by Taber, Charles R.);
18. Part three:
Romance language related;
19. 15. On the origin and chronology of the
French-based creoles (by Hull, Alexander);
20. 16. Creoles francais de
l'Ocean Indien et langues africaines (by Chaudenson, Robert);
21. 17.
Seychelles Creole French phonemics (by Corne, Chris);
22. 18. French and
Creole in Guadeloupe (by Bedford, David);
23. Part four: English related;
24.
19. Creole English and Creole Portuguese: teh early records (by Dillard,
J.L.);
25. 20. Cameroonian Pidgin English: a neo-African language (by Gilman,
Charles);
26. 21. Cameroonian: a consideration of 'what's in a name?' (by
Todd, Loreto);
27. 22. Ethnographic statement in the NIgerian novel, with
special reference to Pidgin (by Hope Lee, Mary);
28. 23. Uses of Pidgin in
the early literate English of Nigeria (by Tonkin, Elizabeth);
29. 24. The
status of bin in the Atlantic creoles (by Bickerton, Derek);
30. 25. Across
base-language boundries: the creole of Belize (British Honduras) (by
Hellinger, Marlis);
31. 26. A note on creolization and the continuum (by
Haynes, Lilith M.);
32. 27. Why Black English retains so m any creole (by
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs);
33. List of contributors;
34. Notes on the editors
