Historically, all societies have used comparison to analyze cultural difference through the interaction of religion, power, and translation. When comparison is a self-reflective practice, it can be seen as a form of comparatism. Many scholars are concerned in one way or another with the practice and methods of comparison, and the need for a cognitively robust relativism is an integral part of a mature historical self-placement. This volume looks at how different theories and practices of writing and interpretation have developed at different times in different cultures and reconsiders the specificities of modern comparative approaches within a variety of comparative moments. The idea is to reconsider the specificities, the obstacles, and the possibilities of modern comparative approaches in history and anthropology through a variety of earlier and parallel comparative horizons. Particular attention is given to the exceptional role of Athens and Jerusalem in shaping the Western understanding of cultural difference.
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vii | |
| Introduction: Regimes of Comparatism |
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1 | (17) |
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1 Comparisons Compared: A Study in the Early Modem Roots of Cultural History |
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18 | (31) |
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2 What Was the Comparative History of Religions in 17th-century Europe (and Beyond)? Pagan Monotheism/Pagan Animism, from Tien to Tylor |
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49 | (67) |
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3 Comparing Cultures in the Early Modern World: Hierarchies, Genealogies and the Idea of European Modernity |
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116 | (61) |
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4 Comparison and Christianity: Sacrifice in the Age of the Encyclopedia |
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177 | (33) |
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5 The Isis of Turin Affair |
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210 | (34) |
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6 What Has Alexandria to Do with Jerusalem?: Writing the History of the Jews in the 19th Century |
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244 | (40) |
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7 Akbar's Dream: The Mughal Emperor in Nineteenth-Century Literature |
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284 | (34) |
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8 History of Religions: The Comparative Moment |
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318 | (25) |
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9 Going Full Frontal: Two Modalities of Comparison in Social Anthropology |
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343 | (29) |
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10 Placing Self Amid Others: A Mongolian Technique of Comparison |
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372 | (30) |
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11 Anthropological Comparatisms: Generalisation, Symmetrisation, Bifurcation |
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402 | (16) |
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12 Friendship and Kinship: Comparatism and its Theoretical Possibilities in Anthropology |
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418 | (29) |
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13 The Fortunes of Comparatism: History, Anthropology, Philosophy |
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447 | (12) |
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| Index |
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459 | |
Renaud Gagné is Reader in the Faculty of Classics at the University of Cambridge and Fellow of Pembroke College. He has published widely on ancient Greek literature and religion, including Ancestral Fault in Ancient Greece (Cambridge University Press 2013).
Simon Goldhill is Professor of Greek in the Faculty of Classics at the University of Cambridge. He has published extensively on classical literature, especially Greek tragedy, and on Victorian culture, including Victorian Culture and Classical Antiquity (Princeton University Press 2011).
Sir Geoffrey Lloyd is Emeritus Professor of Ancient Philosophy and Science in the Faculty of Classics at the University of Cambridge. He is the author of numerous books and articles on ancient Greek and Chinese philosophy and science, including Analogical Investigations (Cambridge University Press 2015).
Contributors are: Matei Candea, Philippe Descola, Renaud Gagné, Simon Goldhill, Anthony Grafton, Caroline Humphrey, Dmitri Levitin, Geoffrey Lloyd, Joan-Pau Rubiés, Jonathan Sheehan, Marilyn Strathern, Guy Stroumsa, Phiroze Vasunia
