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El. knyga: Resistance, Power and Conceptions of Political Order in Islamist Organizations: Comparing Hezbollah and Hamas

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This book provides a comprehensive analysis of Islamist organizations' conceptions of political order based on a comparative case study of the Shiite Lebanese Hezbollah and the Sunni Palestinian Hamas. Connecting Islamism research, Critical Constructivist norm research, and resistance studies from the field of International Relations Theory, it demonstrates that resistance constitutes both organizations' core norm and is relevant for their conceptions of political order.

Based on primary Arabic data the book illustrates that the core norm of resistance, deeply intertwined with both organizations' interactions towards power preservation and the specific political context they are engaged in, characterizes Hezbollah's and Hamas' respective conceptions of political order and explains the differences between them. In contrast to common perceptions presented in research, politics, and the media, the book shows that in the case of both Hezbollah and Hamas the religious orientation, i.e. Shiite and Sunni Islamist political thought, plays a secondary role only when it comes to explaining Islamist organizations' political orientation.

Bringing new insights from cases that lie beyond the Western liberal world order into Critical Constructivist norm research and resistance studies, the book establishes a theoretical framework that enables scholars to comprehensively analyze Islamist organizations' political orientation in different cases without being caught in limited analytical categories. It will be of interest to students and scholars of International Relations Theory, Middle East Studies, and Global Governance.

List of figures
vii
Acknowledgments viii
Note on transliteration x
List of abbreviations
xi
1 Introduction: Islamist organizations' conceptions of political order, resistance, and power
1(15)
2 Bridging the gap: connecting Islamism research and Critical Constructivism
16(29)
2.1 The political ideology of Islamism
20(8)
2.2 Critical Constructivist norm research and the core norm of resistance
28(4)
2.3 Political order and power
32(4)
2.4 Conclusion and research proposition
36(9)
3 The Lebanese Hezbollah: politics serve resistance
45(49)
3.1 Hezbollah's intellectual background: Islamism, resistance, and political order in the Lebanese context
45(11)
3.2 Engaging in national politics: protecting the resistance ranks first
56(8)
3.3 Consolidating resistance: Hezbollah in domestic contestation processes
64(11)
3.4 Defending resistance through reconstructing its meaning
75(5)
3.5 Conclusion: Hezbollah's conceptions of political order
80(14)
4 The Palestinian Hamas: resistance, governance, and ambitions for maintaining power
94(53)
4.1 Hamas' intellectual background: Islamism, resistance, and political order in the Palestinian context
94(9)
4.2 Hamas comes to power: new visions of a Palestinian political order?
103(12)
4.3 Political order in Gaza under the authority of Hamas
115(13)
4.4 Morsi's rise to power: Hamas anticipates its moment has come
128(5)
4.5 Conclusion: Hamas' conceptions of political order
133(14)
5 Hezbollah and Hamas: the interplay of resistance, power, and political order
147(24)
5.1 Hezbollah's and Hamas' intellectual and structural background
147(3)
5.2 Conceptions of political order
150(4)
5.3 The core norm of resistance
154(6)
5.4 Maintaining the power position
160(6)
5.5 Conclusion
166(5)
6 Ruling Islamist organizations and the connection of norms, power, and conceptions of political order
171(27)
6.1 Ennahda in power: compromise and power-sharing in the constitution-making process
174(7)
6.2 The Muslim Brotherhood: hasty constitution-making without compromise
181(6)
6.3 Ruling Islamist organizations and the explanatory power of Critical Constructivist norm research
187(11)
7 Conclusion
198(9)
7.1 The key findings and their scientific contribution
198(5)
7.2 Implications for future research and practitioners
203(4)
Annex I List of Interviews 207(2)
Annex II List of Written Arabic primary sources 209(11)
Index 220
Maren Koss has completed a PhD at the GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies and the University of Hamburg. She is an International Relations Theory researcher and an area specialist on the Middle East and North Africa, especially on the following topics: Political Islam, Hezbollah, Hamas, Muslim Brotherhood, Lebanon, Palestinian Territories, and Syria.