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El. knyga: Rethinking the Meaning of Family for Adolescents and Youth in Zimbabwe's Child Welfare Institutions

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This book examines the lives of children and young adults living in residential care systems in Zimbabwe and their unique conceptualization of family. While the importance of family for the development and wellbeing of children can't be overemphasized, the questions of what and who counts as family to orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs) are under-researched. Gwenzi brings a social constructionist approach to study OVCs in institutional care as well as living with their families in Zimbabwe, finding that they do not have a single definition of family and that they use diverse characteristics to describe what family means to them. With the data suggesting a need for belonging, continuity of relationships, protection, and trust, this study makes recommendations for policy and practice with youth in alternative care in sub-Saharan Africa.

1 Introduction
1(16)
The Social Exclusion of Youths in Institutions
5(2)
A Critical Social Work Perspective
7(2)
Clarification of Key Terms in the Study
9(1)
"Family"
9(1)
Child Welfare Institutions
9(1)
Orphans and Vulnerable Children
9(1)
Hooked-After Children
10(1)
Outline of the Book
10(2)
References
12(5)
2 A Study on Family Meanings
17(18)
Why Study Family Meanings?
17(2)
Defining Family
19(1)
Traditional Family Definition
20(1)
Nontraditional Family Definition
20(1)
The Research Methodology
21(1)
Study Epistemology and Ontology
22(2)
Research Design
24(1)
Study Procedure
24(1)
Data Collection
24(2)
Family Variables for Participants in Child Welfare Institutions
26(2)
Data Analysis
28(1)
Ethical Considerations
28(1)
Gatekeepers
28(1)
Sensitive Information
29(1)
Younger Children
30(1)
Researcher Reflexivity
30(1)
Conclusion
31(1)
References
31(4)
3 Theorising Family Meanings
35(20)
Classical Sociological Theories of Family
36(1)
Social Constructionism
36(2)
Symbolic Interactionism
38(1)
Sense of Belonging
39(1)
Sense of Home
40(1)
Family Memories
41(1)
Contemporary Sociological Theories of Family
42(1)
Family Practices
43(1)
Family Display
44(1)
African Family Theory (Ukama)
45(1)
Ubuntu and African Family Values
46(1)
Conclusion
47(1)
References
48(7)
4 Constructing "Family" During Child-Family Separation
55(20)
Theories of Child-Family Separation
57(1)
Attachment Theory
57(1)
Ambiguous Loss
58(1)
Separation and Placement in Institutional Care
59(2)
Extrafamilial Care
61(1)
Involvement of the Birth Family
62(2)
Relationships with Caregivers in the Institution
64(2)
Constructing Family Meanings During Child-Family Separation
66(2)
Conclusion
68(1)
References
69(6)
5 Family in Southern Africa
75(14)
Changes in Southern African Families over the Last Decades
77(1)
Families in Zimbabwe
78(4)
Distinctive Family Forms in Zimbabwe
82(1)
Child-Headed Families
82(1)
Grandparent-Headed Families
83(1)
Small-House Families
84(1)
Conclusion
85(1)
References
85(4)
6 Adolescents' and Youths' "Family Meanings" in Zimbabwe
89(48)
Descriptive Statistics: Adolescents and Youths in Child Welfare Institutions
90(2)
Details of Separation Experience
92(1)
Adolescents and Youths in Families Descriptive Statistics
93(1)
Participant Observations
94(2)
Grounded Analysis on Family Definitions
96(7)
Uncategorised Definitions of Family
103(1)
Statistical Analyses of Family Definitions
104(1)
Description of Variables Used in Binary Logistic Regression
104(3)
Interpreting Binary Logistic Regression Results
107(1)
Multivariate Analysis of Adolescents' and Youths' Definitions of the Family
108(5)
Interpreting Multinomial Logistic Regression Results
113(1)
Adolescents and Youths' Family-Related Worries
114(2)
Broader Family Definitions Beyond Blood Relations
116(2)
Adolescents' and Youths' Family Membership in Zimbabwe
118(1)
Statistical Analysis of Adolescents' and Youths' Constructions of Family Membership (in Institutions and in Families)
119(5)
Adolescents' and Youths' Constructions of Family Membership (in Institutions Only)
124(1)
Interpreting Family Membership Results
124(4)
Broader Family Membership Categories
128(2)
Conclusion
130(1)
References
131(6)
7 Rethinking the Meaning of Family for Adolescents and Youths in Zimbabwe's Child Welfare Institutions
137(14)
Describing the Conceptual Model
141(1)
The Social Construction of Family
142(2)
Symbolic Interactionism
144(2)
How to Apply the Model
146(1)
Implications for Child Welfare in Zimbabwe
147(1)
Policies and Interventions to Prevent Child-Family Separation
147(2)
Promoting a Better Quality of Care in Child Welfare Institutions
149(1)
Improving the Knowledge About Youths' Families
150(1)
More Family Studies in Zimbabwe
150(1)
Final Conclusions 151(4)
References 155(4)
Appendix 159(2)
Index 161
Getrude Dadirai Gwenzi is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Social Work at the University of Zimbabwe, and Research Associate with the University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Her research interests include child welfare, orphans, vulnerable children, care leavers, and families. She has been researching children and young people in state institutions since 2014.
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