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Revit 2017 Architecture [Minkštas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 548 pages, weight: 916 g, figures
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Feb-2017
  • Leidėjas: Mercury Learning & Information
  • ISBN-10: 1944534644
  • ISBN-13: 9781944534646
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Revit 2017 ArchitectureDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 548 pages, weight: 916 g, figures
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Feb-2017
  • Leidėjas: Mercury Learning & Information
  • ISBN-10: 1944534644
  • ISBN-13: 9781944534646
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781944534646.html
This book is the most comprehensive book you will find on AutoDesk Revit Architecture 2017. Covering all of the 2D concepts, it uses both metric and imperial units to illustrate the myriad drawing and editing tools for this popular application. Use the companion CD to set up drawing exercises and projects and see all of the book’s figures in color. Revit Architecture 2017 includes over 100 exercises or “mini-workshops,” that complete small projects from concept through actual plotting. Solving all of the workshops will simulate the creation of three projects (architectural and mechanical) from beginning to end, without overlooking any of the basic commands and functions in Revit Architecture 2017.

Features:

* Companion files with layouts of projects, etc.

* Uses both metric and imperial units to illustrate the myriad drawing and editing tools or this popular application

Daugiau informacijos

Companion files with layouts of projects, etc. Uses both metric and imperial units to illustrate the myriad drawing and editing tools or this popular application.
Book Purpose & Objectives xix
Preface xxi
Exercises xxiii
Chapter 1 Introduction to Revit Architecture 1(24)
1.1 CAD vs. BIM
1(1)
1.2 Revit Architecture
2(1)
1.3 Starting Revit 2017 Architecture
3(1)
1.4 Understanding the Revit 2017 Architecture Interface
4(9)
1.4.1 Application Menu
5(1)
1.4.2 Quick Access Toolbar
6(1)
1.4.3 Ribbons
7(2)
1.4.4 Info Center
9(1)
1.4.5 View Area
10(1)
1.4.6 Properties
11(1)
1.4.7 Project Browser
11(1)
1.4.8 View Control Bar
12(1)
1.4.9 Status Bar
13(1)
1.4.10 Options Bar
13(1)
1.5 Zooming in Revit 2017
13(1)
1.6 3D and Camera in Revit 2017
14(1)
1.7 Steering Wheel
15(3)
1.7.1 Zoom
16(1)
1.7.2 Orbit
16(1)
1.7.3 Pan
17(1)
1.7.4 Rewind
17(1)
1.7.5 Center
17(1)
1.7.6 Look
17(1)
1.7.7 Up/Down
17(1)
1.7.8 Walk
17(1)
1.8 Create New Project
18(1)
1.9 Open Existing Project
19(1)
1.10 Closing File(s)
20(3)
Exercise 1-1 Introducing Revit Architecture
20(3)
Chapter Review
23(1)
Chapter Review Answers
23(2)
Chapter 2 How to Draw and Modify in Revit 25(20)
2.1 Introduction
25(1)
2.2 Drawing in Revit 2017
25(4)
2.2.1 Temporary Dimensions
26(1)
2.2.2 Alignment Lines
27(1)
2.2.3 Snaps
27(1)
2.2.4 Draw Context Panel
28(1)
2.3 Selecting in Revit
29(4)
2.3.1 Delete Command
31(2)
Exercise 2-1 Drawing and Selecting
31(2)
2.4 Some Modifying Commands
33(11)
2.4.1 Move Command
34(1)
2.4.2 Copy Command
35(1)
2.4.3 Rotate Command
36(1)
2.4.4 Mirror Command
36(1)
2.4.5 Array Command
37(1)
2.4.6 Linear Array
38(2)
2.4.7 Radial Array
40(5)
Exercise 2-2 Some Modifying Commands
40(4)
Chapter Review
44(1)
Chapter Review Answers
44(1)
Chapter 3 Project Preparation 45(18)
3.1 Introduction
45(1)
3.2 Project Information and Project Units
45(3)
3.2.1 Project Information
46(1)
3.2.2 Project Units
47(1)
3.3 Creating Levels
48(5)
Exercise 3-1 Project Information, Units, and Adding Levels
52(1)
3.4 Importing a CAD File
53(3)
3.5 Creating Gridlines
56(1)
3.6 Creating Columns
57(4)
Exercise 3-2 Import CAD, Gridlines, and Columns
58(3)
Chapter Review
61(1)
Chapter Review Answers
61(2)
Chapter 4 All You Need to Know about Walls 63(28)
4.1 Introduction
63(1)
4.2 Wall Families
64(1)
4.2.1 System Families
64(1)
4.2.2 Component Families
64(1)
4.3 Inputting Walls
65(4)
4.4 Wall Controls and Temporary Dimensions
69(3)
Exercise 4-1 Inputting the Outside Wall
71(1)
4.5 Additional Modifying Commands
72(12)
4.5.1 Align Command
72(1)
4.5.2 Trim/Extend to Corner
73(1)
4.5.3 Trim/Extend Single Element and Trim/Extend Multiple Elements
74(1)
4.5.4 Split Element
75(1)
4.5.5 Split with Gap
75(1)
4.5.6 Match Type Properties
76(3)
4.5.7 Create Similar
79(1)
4.5.8 Cut Profile
79(2)
4.5.9 Underlay
81(15)
Exercise 4-2 Additional Modifying Commands
81(3)
4.6 Wall Profile
84(1)
4.7 Hide and Unhide Elements
85(4)
Exercise 4-3 Wall Profile
86(3)
Chapter Review
89(1)
Chapter Review Answers
89(2)
Chapter 5 Inserting Doors and Windows 91(18)
5.1 Introduction
91(1)
5.2 Inserting Doors and Windows Using Pre-Loaded Families
92(2)
5.3 Loading Door and Window Families
94(1)
5.4 Customizing Door and Window Sizes
95(1)
5.5 Special Techniques for Doors and Windows
96(11)
5.5.1 Reveal Constraint
98(13)
Exercise 5-1 Inserting Doors and Windows
101(6)
Chapter Review
107(1)
Chapter Review Answers
107(2)
Chapter 6 Creating and Controlling Curtain Walls 109(16)
6.1 Introduction
109(1)
6.2 All You Need to Know about Curtain Walls
110(1)
6.3 Controlling Curtain Gridlines
111(2)
6.3.1 Moving Existing Curtain Gridlines
111(1)
6.3.2 Adding New Curtain Grid Lines
111(1)
6.3.3 Deleting Curtain Grid Lines
112(1)
6.3.4 Controlling Curtain Grid Lines Using Properties
112(1)
6.3.5 Add/Remove Segments
113(1)
6.4 Adding and Controlling Mullions
113(2)
6.4.1 Selecting a Group of Mullions
114(1)
6.5 Adding Storefronts
115(1)
6.6 Curtain Panels
115(2)
6.6.1 Replacing Panels
116(1)
6.6.2 Panel Material
116(1)
6.7 Hiding and Isolating Elements
117(7)
Exercise 6-1 Creating and Manipulating Curtain Walls
118(6)
Chapter Review
124(1)
Chapter Review Answers
124(1)
Chapter 7 Creating Floors 125(14)
7.1 Introduction
125(1)
7.2 Creating Floors by Selecting Walls or Sketching
125(3)
7.3 Joining Geometry
128(1)
7.4 How to Create a Shaft Opening in Floors
129(1)
7.5 Creating a Floor with Slopes
130(3)
7.5.1 One-Direction Slope
131(1)
7.5.2 Slope for Drainage
132(1)
7.6 Underlay and Linework
133(4)
Exercise 7-1 Creating Floors
134(3)
Chapter Review
137(1)
Chapter Review Answers
137(2)
Chapter 8 Creating Roofs 139(22)
8.1 Introduction
139(1)
8.2 Roof by Footprint
140(9)
8.2.1 Slope Arrow
143(1)
8.2.2 Attach the Top or Base of the Wall to the Roof
144(5)
Exercise 8-1 Creating a Roof by Footprint
146(3)
8.3 Roof by Extrusion
149(11)
8.3.1 Reference Plane
149(37)
Exercise 8-2 Creating a Roof by Extrusion
153(7)
Chapter Review
160(1)
Chapter Review Answers
160(1)
Chapter 9 Components & Ceiling 161(14)
9.1 Introduction
161(1)
9.2 Placing Components
161(6)
Exercise 9-1 Placing Components
165(2)
9.3 Creating a Ceiling-Introduction
167(1)
9.4 Creating a Ceiling-Automatic
167(2)
9.5 Creating a Ceiling-Sketch
169(1)
9.6 Creating a Ceiling-Ceiling Soffit
170(3)
Exercise 9-2 Creating Ceiling
170(3)
Chapter Review
173(1)
Chapter Review Answers
173(2)
Chapter 10 Creating Stairs, Ramps, and Railings 175(22)
10.1 Introduction
175(1)
10.2 Creating Stairs-First Look
175(1)
10.3 Creating Stairs-Standard Stairs
176(4)
10.4 Editing Stairs by Sketch
180(2)
10.5 Editing Stairs by Component
182(1)
10.6 Sketching Stairs
183(1)
10.7 Creating Ramps
184(2)
10.8 Creating Railings
186(10)
10.8.1 Modify Existing Railing
186(1)
10.8.2 Create New Railing
187(11)
Exercise 10-1 Creating Stairs, Ramps, and Railings
188(8)
Chapter Review
196(1)
Chapter Review Answers
196(1)
Chapter 11 Creating and Manipulating Views 197(28)
11.1 Introduction
197(1)
11.2 Creating Duplicates
198(4)
11.2.1 Duplicate
198(1)
11.2.2 Duplicate with Detailing
199(1)
11.2.3 Duplicate as a Dependent
199(1)
11.2.4 Renaming View
199(1)
11.2.5 Crop Region
200(1)
11.2.6 Annotation Crop
201(1)
11.3 Creating Callouts
202(2)
11.3.1 Rectangular Shape
202(1)
11.3.2 Sketch
203(1)
11.3.3 For Both Types
204(1)
11.4 Control Visibility/Graphics
204(3)
Exercise 11-1 Views-Part 1
206(1)
11.5 Creating Elevations
207(1)
11.6 Creating Sections
208(6)
11.6.1 3D Section Box
211(1)
11.6.2 Orient to View
212(1)
11.6.3 Selection Box
213(1)
11.7 View Range
214(2)
11.8 Plan Region
216(3)
Exercise 11-2 Views-Part 2
217(2)
11.9 Depth Cueing
219(5)
Exercise 11-3 Depth Cueing
222(2)
Chapter Review
224(1)
Chapter Review Answers
224(1)
Chapter 12 Annotation and Legends 225(24)
12.1 Introduction
225(1)
12.2 Creating Dimensions
225(6)
12.2.1 Aligned
226(1)
12.2.2 Linear
227(1)
12.2.3 Angular
228(1)
12.2.4 Radial and Diameter
228(1)
12.2.5 Arc Length
229(1)
12.2.6 Spot Elevation
229(1)
12.2.7 Spot Slope
230(1)
12.3 Writing Text
231(4)
12.3.1 Annotation Text
231(1)
12.3.2 Annotation Text Family
232(1)
12.3.3 Model Text
233(2)
12.4 Editing Dimensions and Annotation Text
235(7)
12.4.1 Delete Single Aligned Dimension
236(6)
Exercise 12-1 Dimension and Text
239(3)
12.5 Creating Legends
242(6)
12.5.1 How to Create a Legend View?
243(1)
12.5.2 Insert Legend Components
244(1)
12.5.3 Insert Symbols
244(5)
Exercise 12-2 Creating Legends
246(2)
Chapter Review
248(1)
Chapter Review Answers
248(1)
Chapter 13 Visualize in Revit and Printing 249(34)
13.1 Dealing with Cameras
249(5)
13.1.1 How to Create a Camera
249(3)
13.1.2 View Size
252(2)
Exercise 13-1 Perspectives
253(1)
13.2 Creating Walkthroughs
254(5)
13.2.1 How to Create a Walkthrough
254(1)
13.2.2 How to View and Modify a Walkthrough
255(1)
13.2.3 How to Set Walkthrough Frames
256(1)
13.2.4 How to Export a Walkthrough
257(5)
Exercise 13-2 Creating Walkthroughs
258(1)
13.3 Solar Studies: Introduction
259(3)
13.4 Solar Study Types
262(4)
13.4.1 How to Create Still Solar Studies
262(1)
13.4.2 How to Create Single Day Solar Studies
263(1)
13.4.3 How to Create Multi-Day Solar Studies
264(3)
Exercise 13-3 Solar Studies
265(1)
13.5 Rendering in Revit-Introduction
266(1)
13.6 Render Command in Revit
267(3)
13.6.1 Quality
267(1)
13.6.2 Output Settings
268(1)
13.6.3 Lighting
268(1)
13.6.4 Background
268(1)
13.6.5 Image
269(1)
13.6.6 Display
269(1)
13.6.7 Render and Render Region
269(1)
13.7 Render and Lights
270(2)
13.7.1 Setting Up Light Groups
270(1)
13.7.2 Adding Trees and People
271(12)
Exercise 13-4 Rendering in Revit
271(1)
13.8 Creating Sheets
272(6)
13.9 Printing
278(4)
Exercise 13-5 Creating Sheets
280(2)
Chapter Review
282(1)
Chapter Review Answers
282(1)
Chapter 14 Creating Schedules 283(26)
14.1 Creating Schedules
283(7)
14.1.1 Fields
285(1)
14.1.2 Filter
286(1)
14.1.3 Sorting/Grouping
287(1)
14.1.4 Formatting
288(1)
14.1.5 Appearance
289(1)
14.2 Modifying Schedules
290(1)
14.3 Including an Image in Your Schedule
291(2)
14.4 Calculated Value
293(3)
Exercise 14-1 Creating and Modifying Schedules
294(2)
14.5 Schedule Key Styles
296(2)
14.6 Reusing Schedules
298(2)
Exercise 14-2 Scheduling Key Styles & Reusing Schedules
299(1)
14.7 Creating Project Parameters
300(1)
14.8 Creating Fields from Formulas
301(2)
14.9 Conditional Formatting
303(1)
14.10 Creating Material Takeoff Schedules
304(3)
Exercise 14-3 Creating Material Takeoff Schedules
304(3)
Chapter Review
307(1)
Chapter Review Answers
307(2)
Chapter 15 Project Phasing and Design Options 309(16)
15.1 Project Phasing
309(5)
15.1.1 Phases and Elements
310(1)
15.1.2 How to Demolish Elements
310(1)
15.1.3 Creating Phases
311(3)
Exercise 15-1 Using Phases
313(1)
15.2 Design Options
314(9)
15.2.1 How to Set Up Design Options
315(1)
15.2.2 How to Add Existing Elements to Design Options
316(1)
15.2.3 How to Add New Elements to a Design Option
317(1)
15.2.4 How to View Design Options
318(1)
15.2.5 Delete Design Options
318(8)
Exercise 15-2 Design Options
319(4)
Chapter Review
323(1)
Chapter Review Answers
323(2)
Chapter 16 Toposurfaces in Revit 325(24)
16.1 Introduction
325(1)
16.2 Project Base Point and Survey Point
326(1)
16.2.1 Project Base Point
326(1)
16.2.2 Survey Point
326(1)
16.3 Creating Toposurfaces
327(3)
16.3.1 Inputting Points Manually
327(1)
16.3.2 How to Create a Toposurface Using an Imported File
328(2)
16.3.3 How to Create a Toposurface from a Points File
330(1)
16.4 Editing Toposurfaces
330(1)
16.5 Site Settings
331(2)
16.6 Creating Property Lines
333(2)
16.7 Creating Building Pads
335(4)
Exercise 16-1 Creating Topographical Surfaces
336(3)
16.8 Editing Toposurfaces
339(3)
16.8.1 Creating Subregions
339(1)
16.8.2 Splitting Surfaces
340(1)
16.8.3 Merging Surfaces
340(1)
16.8.4 Grading a Site
341(1)
16.9 Annotating Toposurfaces
342(1)
16.9.1 Spot Elevations and Spot Coordinates
342(1)
16.10 Site and Parking Components
343(4)
Exercise 16-2 Modifying Toposurfaces
343(4)
Chapter Review
347(1)
Chapter Review Answers
347(2)
Chapter 17 Creating Rooms and Areas 349(22)
17.1 Introduction to Creating Rooms
349(1)
17.2 Creating and Modifying Rooms
350(4)
17.2.1 To Create Rooms One by One
350(1)
17.2.2 To Create All Rooms in One Step
351(1)
17.2.3 Room Separation Lines
351(1)
17.2.4 Modifying Rooms
352(1)
17.2.5 Adding Room Tags
353(1)
17.3 Room Schedule
354(3)
17.3.1 Room Settings
354(3)
Exercise 17-1 Creating Rooms
355(2)
17.4 Creating Areas
357(5)
17.4.1 Creating Area Plan
358(1)
17.4.2 Placing Area Boundaries
359(1)
17.4.3 Adding Areas
360(1)
17.4.4 Tagging Areas
360(2)
Exercise 17-2 Creating Areas
361(1)
17.5 Creating Color Schemes
362(8)
17.5.1 Creating a New Color Scheme
364(1)
17.5.2 Color Scheme By Value
365(1)
17.5.3 Color Scheme By Range
366(5)
Exercise 17-3 Creating Color Schemes
367(3)
Chapter Review
370(1)
Chapter Review Answers
370(1)
Chapter
18. Tagging and Detailing		 371(18)
18.1 Introduction
371(1)
18.2 How to Add Tags in Revit
371(6)
18.2.1 Tag by Category
372(2)
18.2.2 Material Tag
374(3)
Exercise 18-1 Adding Tags
375(2)
18.3 Creating Details
377(10)
18.3.1 Creating a Detail View from Scratch
377(2)
18.3.2 Callout or Section as Starting Point
379(2)
18.3.3 Starting with an AutoCAD File
381(8)
Exercise 18-2 Creating Details
383(4)
Chapter Review
387(1)
Chapter Review Answers
387(2)
Chapter 19 Creating Groups and Revit Links 389(28)
19.1 Creating Groups
389(2)
19.1.1 How to Create a Group-Method One
390(1)
19.1.2 How to Create a Group-Method Two
391(1)
19.2 Adding Groups
391(2)
19.2.1 How to Add Groups from Project Browser
391(1)
19.2.2 Add Groups from Ribbon
392(1)
19.2.3 How to Attach Detail Group to Model Group
392(1)
19.3 Modifying Groups
393(2)
19.4 Editing Groups
395(1)
19.5 Groups in Other Projects
395(4)
19.5.1 How to Open a File as a Group in Another Open File
397(5)
Exercise 19-1 Using Groups
397(2)
19.6 Linking Models-Introduction
399(1)
19.7 Linking Models
399(1)
19.8 Managing Links
400(2)
19.9 Visibility / Graphics Overrides in Linked Models
402(2)
19.9.1 Display Settings in Linked Model
402(2)
19.10 Linked Model Conversion
404(2)
19.10.1 How to Copy Individual Items in a Linked File to the Host File
405(1)
Exercise 19-2 Linking Models
405(1)
19.11 Coordinating across Disciplines
406(5)
19.11.1 Copying and Monitoring Elements
406(2)
19.11.2 Coordinating Monitored Elements
408(1)
19.11.3 Interference Checking
409(2)
Exercise 19-3 Coordinating Across Disciplines
411(4)
Chapter Review
415(1)
Chapter Review Answers
415(2)
Chapter 20 Importing and Exporting Files in Revit 417(18)
20.1 Importing/Linking CAD Files
417(2)
20.1.1 How to Import or Link a Vector File
418(1)
20.1.2 Importing Lineweight
418(1)
20.2 Manipulating Imported CAD Files
419(3)
20.2.1 Query Imported CAD Files
419(1)
20.2.2 Deleting Layers
420(1)
20.2.3 Exploding Imported Files
421(1)
20.2.4 Modifying the Visibility of Imported Files
422(1)
20.3 Importing Raster Image Files
422(4)
20.3.1 Editing Raster Files
423(3)
Exercise 20-1 Working with Imported Files
424(2)
20.3 Exporting Files
426(4)
20.3.1 Exporting CAD Format Files
427(1)
20.3.2 How to Create an Export Setup
428(1)
20.3.3 How to Create a New Set of Views/Sheets to Export
429(1)
Exercise 20-2 Exporting Files
430(3)
Chapter Review
433(1)
Chapter Review Answers
433(2)
Chapter 21 Creating Masses in Revit 435(30)
21.1 Introduction
435(2)
21.2 Place Mass Command
437(5)
Exercise 21-1 Basic Mass Elements
441(1)
21.3 In-Place Mass & Conceptual Mass
442(1)
21.4 Setting Work Planes
443(2)
21.5 Creating Mass Forms
445(6)
21.5.1 Creating an Extrusion
446(1)
21.5.2 Creating a Revolve
446(1)
21.5.3 Creating a Sweep
447(1)
21.5.4 Creating a Blend
448(1)
21.5.5 Creating a Swept Blend
449(1)
21.5.6 Creating a Loft
449(1)
21.5.7 Void Forms
450(1)
21.6 Manipulating Conceptual Mass
451(1)
21.7 X-Ray-Adding Profiles and Edges
452(7)
21.7.1 Edit Profile
452(1)
21.7.2 Add Edge and Profile
453(1)
21.7.3 Divide Surface
453(12)
Exercise 21-2 In-Place Masses
456(3)
21.8 Creating Walls, Floors, and Roofs from Masses
459(5)
Exercise 21-3 Creating Walls, Floors, and Roofs from Masses
461(3)
Chapter Review
464(1)
Chapter Review Answers
464(1)
Chapter 22 Customizing Walls, Roofs, Floors, & Compound Ceilings 465(24)
22.1 Introduction
465(1)
22.2 Customizing Basic Wall Types
465(4)
22.2.1 Wrapping (Only for Walls)
468(1)
22.3 Using Profiles on Walls, Roofs, and Floors
469(4)
Exercise 22-1Creating Basic Wall Types
471(2)
22.4 Vertically Compound Walls
473(4)
22.4.1 Permanent Wall Sweeps and Reveals
475(2)
Exercise 22-2 Creating Vertically Compound Walls
476(1)
22.5 Vertically Stacked Walls
477(3)
22.5.1 Embedding a Wall Inside Another Wall
478(19)
Exercise 22-3 Creating Stacked and Embedded Walls
479(1)
22.6 Create Parts
480(7)
Exercise 22-4 Create Parts
484(3)
Chapter Review
487(1)
Chapter Review Answers
487(2)
Chapter 23 Creating Families in Revit 489(22)
23.1 Introduction to Creating Families
489(1)
23.2 Parametric Framework
490(7)
Exercise 23-1 Coffee Table Framework
495(2)
23.3 Creating the 3D Elements of the Family
497(7)
23.3.1 Adding Controls
498(1)
23.3.2 Adding Openings
498(1)
23.3.3 Adding Model and Symbolic Lines
499(5)
Exercise 23-2 Creating 3D Elements of the Family
500(4)
23.4 Family Types-Sizes and Materials
504(6)
23.4.1 Setting Sizes
504(1)
23.4.2 Assigning Materials
505(14)
Exercise 23-3 Family Types-Sizes and Materials
508(2)
Chapter Review
510(1)
Chapter Review Answers
510(1)
Chapter 24 Customizing Doors, Windows, and Railing Families 511(16)
24.1 Customizing Existing Doors and Windows
511(1)
24.2 Visibility Settings
512(7)
Exercise 24-1 Creating a Custom Door
513(4)
Exercise 24-2 Creating a Custom Window
517(2)
24.3 Creating Custom Railings
519(6)
24.3.1 Rail Structure (Non-Continuous)
520(1)
24.3.2 Baluster Placement
521(7)
Exercise 24-3 Creating Custom Railings
522(3)
Chapter Review
525(1)
Chapter Review Answers
525(2)
Chapter 25 Worksets 527(14)
25.1 Introduction to Worksets
527(1)
25.2 How to Create a Central File
528(3)
25.2.1 How to Assign Elements to Worksets
530(1)
25.3 Creating a Local File
531(1)
25.4 Functions to Help Control Worksets
532(7)
25.4.1 Active Workset
532(1)
25.4.2 Gray Inactive Worksets
532(1)
25.4.3 Synchronize
533(1)
25.4.4 Reload Latest
534(1)
25.4.5 Worksharing Display Options
534(5)
Exercise 25-1 Creating and Controlling Worksets
535(4)
Chapter Review
539(1)
Chapter Review Answers
539(2)
Index 541
Hamad Munir : Munir Hamad is an Autodesk® Approved Instructor and certified Autodesk AutoCAD Master, who has authored several AutoCAD titles and taught various levels of AutoCAD training.