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El. knyga: Roots of Revolt: A Political Economy of Egypt from Nasser to Mubarak

(University of Oregon)
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 02-Apr-2020
  • Leidėjas: Cambridge University Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108808880
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 02-Apr-2020
  • Leidėjas: Cambridge University Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108808880

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A conceptually rich, historically informed, and interdisciplinary study of the contentious politics emerging out of decades of authoritarian neoliberal economic reform, The Roots of Revolt examines the contested political economy of Egypt from Nasser to Mubarak, just prior to the Arab Uprisings of 201011. Based on extensive fieldwork conducted across rural and urban Egypt, Angela Joya employs an 'on the ground' approach to critical political economy that challenges the interpretations of Egyptian politics put forward by scholars of both democratization and authoritarianism. By critically reassessing the relationship between democracy and capitalist development, Joya demonstrates how renewed authoritarian politics were required to institutionalize neoliberal reforms demanded by the International Monetary Fund, presenting the real-world impact of economic policy on the lives of ordinary Egyptians before the Arab Uprisings.

Recenzijos

'Deftly linking national, regional, and global dynamics, Joya provides a meticulous and informed account of neoliberal change in Egypt. Writing against a dominant narrative that ties market liberalisation to political freedoms, she convincingly details the emergence of neoliberal authoritarianism in Egypt and the rise of a new class fraction of capital. A powerful contribution to our understanding of Egypt's political economy that deserves to be widely read.' Adam Hanieh, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 'Joya meticulously documents the class struggles unleashed by more than two decades of neoliberal restructuring in Egypt, demonstrating the importance of a Marxist political economy framework not only for understanding the outbreak of the 25 January 2011 Revolution but also for the ongoing political and social conflicts in post-Mubarak Egypt.' Nicola Pratt, University of Warwick 'In the 1980s and 1990s all the big books on the political economy of Egypt argued that market liberalization would lead to increased growth, better lives for most Egyptians, an end to the corruption that undergirded authoritarian rule, and a transition to democracy. They were wrong. In Roots of Revolt, the first big book on Egyptian political economy for the 2020s, Angela Joya explains why neoliberal reforms delivered none of the imagined benefits. Instead, liberalization entailed a process of capital accumulation by dispossession that impoverished urban and rural dwellers alike, while opening up a path for the military, which has ruled continuously since 1952, to become the most powerful and resourceful of today's Egyptian capitalist class fractions.' Robert Vitalis, University of Pennsylvania 'Overall, this book offers empirically rich content and evokes a broad-based discussion about the significant role the Egyptian state and IFIs have played in the process of facilitating capital accumulation by polarizing wealth distribution and access to economic resources. The book will be invaluable to those seeking to develop a deeper understanding of Egypt's political and social conflicts that are exacerbated by the erosion of access to basic welfare services and the repressive and exclusionary experiences of the poor, the middle classes, and peasant and workers.' Housam Darwisheh, The Developing Economies 'Joya's contribution is one of the most interesting attempts to enrich our understanding of how the composition of the Egyptian capitalist class and the relative strength of its fractions changed over time an opening for further research.' Gianni Del Panta, The Middle East Journal

Daugiau informacijos

A conceptually rich, historically informed study of the contested politics emerging out of decades of authoritarian neoliberalism in Egypt.
List of Figures and Tables
vii
Acknowledgements viii
1 Neoliberal Authoritarianism in Contemporary Egypt
1(36)
The Purpose and Scope of the Study
1(2)
Capitalism and Democracy in Mubarak's Egypt
3(6)
Resilient Authoritarianism and Networks of Privilege
9(2)
Capitalism against Democracy
11(4)
Accumulation by Dispossession
15(6)
Class, State and Society in the Middle East
21(11)
From Dispossession to Resistance to Revolt
32(2)
Sources
34(1)
Structure of the Book
35(2)
2 The Developmentalist State and the Market Economy: From Nasser to Sadat
37(31)
From Independence to Arab Socialism
37(12)
The Contradictions and Limits of Arab Socialism
49(3)
Economic Liberalization under Anwar Sadat
52(9)
Class, Property and State Power
61(2)
Crisis and Conflict: The Outcomes of Infitah
63(3)
Conclusion
66(2)
3 "We Need the Government to Unleash Us, the Tigers": Mubarak and the Neoliberal Turn
68(42)
Accumulation, Dispossession and the Transformation of the State
68(4)
The Crisis of the 1980s
72(4)
The Neoliberal Turn, 1991-1995
76(7)
The Minister of the Poor, 1996-1999
83(4)
From Crisis to Consolidation, 1999-2004
87(4)
The Government of Businessmen, 2004-2011
91(5)
Neoliberal Class Formation
96(12)
Conclusion
108(2)
4 "We Feed the Nation": The Military as a Fraction of Capital
110(29)
The Military as a Class Fraction
110(4)
From Nationalist Revolution to Infitah
114(6)
The Military under Mubarak
120(6)
The Military and Economic Liberalization
126(11)
Conclusion
137(2)
5 The Mosque and the Market: The Muslim Brotherhood
139(28)
The Muslim Brotherhood: Islam, the Market and the Moral Economy
139(4)
Islamism against the State: The Brotherhood
143(4)
Islam against the Left: The Brotherhood under Sadat
147(5)
The Brotherhood under Mubarak
152(14)
Conclusion
166(1)
6 "Strike like an Egyptian": Workers and the Collapse of the Authoritarian Bargain
167(28)
The Corporatist Compromise and the Authoritarian State
167(3)
Labour Market Dualism and Informality in the Egyptian Labour Market
170(4)
Privatization, Liberalization and the Decline of the Corporatist Compromise
174(5)
Increased Employer Power, Unemployment and Informality in the Labour Market
179(7)
The Rise of Worker Protest
186(8)
Conclusion
194(1)
7 "You Let the Dogs Eat the Peasants": Peasants, Small Farmers and Accumulation by Dispossession
195(32)
Agricultural Liberalization
195(2)
Accumulation by Dispossession and Agrarian Change
197(27)
Contentious Politics, Collective Action and Class Struggle
224(5)
Conclusion 227(10)
Conclusion
229(1)
Egypt under Mubarak
230(3)
Accumulation by Dispossession and the Fragmentation of Egyptian Capital
233(2)
Neoliberal Authoritarianism and Contentious Politics
235(2)
Bibliography 237(32)
Index 269
Angela Joya is Assistant Professor of International Studies at the University of Oregon. Her research focuses on the impact of neoliberal globalization on the lives of workers and peasants. She is currently researching grass roots responses and alternative models of development among the anti-extractivist movements in North Africa. She is the author of numerous articles in journals such as the British Journal of Middle East Studies, Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Mediterranean Politics, International Journal of Middle East Studies and Review of African Political Economy and has conducted fieldwork in Egypt, Tunisia, Palestine, Jordan and Turkey, Greece and France.