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Satellite Communications for the Nonspecialist [Kietas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Hardback, 454 pages, aukštis: 454 mm
  • Serija: SPIE Press Monograph v. PM128
  • Išleidimo metai: 05-May-2004
  • Leidėjas: SPIE Press
  • ISBN-10: 0819451851
  • ISBN-13: 9780819451859
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Satellite Communications for the NonspecialistDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 454 pages, aukštis: 454 mm
  • Serija: SPIE Press Monograph v. PM128
  • Išleidimo metai: 05-May-2004
  • Leidėjas: SPIE Press
  • ISBN-10: 0819451851
  • ISBN-13: 9780819451859
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780819451859.html
This book is a dizzyingly broad but thoroughly non-technical survey of the entire field of commercial satellite communications. Almost every conceivable aspect of the field is covered, from legal and regulatory issues, to signal processing, to orbital calculations, to satellite engineering. Chartrand has gone to great lengths to accommodate his non-technical audience; for example, even Kepler's Laws, which govern orbits, have been cast in nonmathematical terms. This emphasis necessarily reduces the depth of the treatment, but within this limitation Chartrand has provided as much detail as possible. Virtually anyone involved or interested in satellite communications but lacking a technical background will find this book useful; some examples cited in the introduction include professionals in marketing, law, finance, and journalism. Annotation ©2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Recenzijos

"Dr. Mark Chartrand is The single best educator, lecturer and satellite personality in the United States, if not the world.... This is a must-read book." - David Bross, Via Satellite Magazine"

Preface xv
Acknowledgments xviii
Part 1: Telecommunications and Satellites 1(60)
Chapter 1 Introduction and Some Historical Background
3(8)
Chapter 2 The Legal and Regulatory Environment of Telecommunications
11(26)
2.1 Telecommunications issues
12(5)
2.1.1 Resource allocation
13(1)
2.1.2 Money allocation
14(2)
2.1.3 The World Trade Organization
16(1)
2.1.4 Other users
16(1)
2.2 Telecommunication statistics
17(2)
2.2.1 What is fair?
17(2)
2.3 Standards and protocols
19(1)
2.4 The International Telecommunication Union
20(4)
2.4.1 ITU regions
21(3)
2.5 Other standards and regulatory organizations
24(3)
2.5.1 National regulations and standards
25(1)
2.5.2 Some regulatory jargon
25(2)
2.6 Satellite services and applications
27(7)
2.6.1 Satellite services
28(2)
2.6.1.1 Amsat
29(1)
2.6.2 The major commercial satellite services
30(10)
2.6.2.1 Fixed Satellite Service (FSS)
31(1)
2.6.2.2 Broadcast Satellite Service (BSS)
31(1)
2.6.2.3 Mobile Satellite Service (MSS)
32(1)
2.6.2.4 Radiodetermination Satellite System (RDSS)
33(1)
2.6.2.5 Radionavigation Satellite Service (RNSS)
34(1)
2.6.2.6 Inter-Satellite Service (ISS)
34(1)
2.7 Steps to licensing a satellite system
34(3)
Chapter 3 Satellite Telecommunications: Users, Applications, and Markets
37(24)
3.1 Carrying capacity
38(2)
3.2 The place of satellites in telecommunications
40(3)
3.2.1 User criteria
40(3)
3.3 Global markets for various applications
43(4)
3.3.1 Television
43(1)
3.3.2 Audio broadcast
44(1)
3.3.3 Telephony
45(1)
3.3.4 Data
46(1)
3.4 Satellite services
47(16)
3.4.1 Broadcast video applications
47(1)
3.4.2 Audio applications
48(1)
3.4.3 Telephony applications
49(1)
3.4.4 Motion picture distribution to cinemas
50(1)
3.4.5 In-flight entertainment and information
51(1)
3.4.6 Telepresence
52(1)
3.4.7 Data distribution and exchange
53(1)
3.4.8 Point-of-sale applications
53(1)
3.4.9 Internet and multimedia via satellite
54(1)
3.4.10 Remote monitoring and control
55(1)
3.4.11 Navigation, surveying, and fleet management
56(5)
Part 2: Technical Background 61(80)
Chapter 4 Basic Definitions and Measurements
63(14)
4.1 Communications and networks
63(3)
4.2 Some definitions
66(6)
4.2.1 Channels and circuits
67(1)
4.2.2 Direction of information flow
67(1)
4.2.3 Timeliness
68(1)
4.2.4 Use of transmission facilities
68(1)
4.2.5 Switching
69(1)
4.2.6 Network geometry
70(2)
4.3 Measurements: putting a number on it
72(1)
4.4 Decibels
73(4)
4.4.1 Ups and downs of power
76(1)
Chapter 5 The Spectrum and Its Uses
77(16)
5.1 Properties of waves
77(1)
5.2 The speed of light
78(1)
5.3 Inverse square law of radiation
79(1)
5.4 Waves, wavelength, and frequency
80(2)
5.5 Radio frequency bands
82(3)
5.6 Frequency and bandwidth
85(3)
5.6.1 More frequency terminology
86(1)
5.6.2 Conversion and intermediate frequencies
87(1)
5.7 Other wave properties
88(5)
5.7.1 Polarization
88(2)
5.7.2 The Doppler Effect
90(3)
Chapter 6 Analog and Digital Signals
93(10)
6.1 Analog signals
93(1)
6.2 Digital signals
94(2)
6.2.1 Doing our bit for telecommunications
95(1)
6.2.2 Bit players
96(1)
6.3 Bring in the noise
96(3)
6.4 Digital compression
99(4)
Chapter 7 Carrying Information on Waves
103(26)
7.1 Carrying information
103(10)
7.1.1 Coding
104(2)
7.1.2 Pulse-code modulation
106(2)
7.1.3 Encoding video signals
108(1)
7.1.4 Coding for error control
108(3)
7.1.5 Forward error correction
111(1)
7.1.6 Coding for security
112(1)
7.2 Modulation
113(7)
7.2.1 Analog modulation
115(1)
7.2.2 Digital modulation
116(3)
7.2.2.1 Energy dispersal
119(1)
7.2.3 Modulation, forward error correction, and throughput
119(1)
7.2.4 Spread spectrum
120(1)
7.3 Multiplexing
120(6)
7.3.1 Space-division multiplexing
122(1)
7.3.2 Frequency-division multiplexing
122(2)
7.3.3 Time-division multiplexing
124(1)
7.3.4 On demand
125(1)
7.4 Networks and protocols
126(3)
7.4.1 Internet via satellite
127(2)
Chapter 8 Signal Flow, Quality, and Noise
129(12)
8.1 Analog signal quality: signal-to-noise ratio
129(1)
8.2 Digital signal quality: bit error rate
130(1)
8.3 Quality during transmission: carrier-to-noise ratio
130(1)
8.4 Improving signal quality
130(2)
8.4.1 Companding analog signals
131(1)
8.4.2 Error correction for digital signals
132(1)
8.5 The communications circuit and the cocktail circuit
132(1)
8.6 Noise figure and noise temperature
132(4)
8.6.1 Intermodulation noise
135(1)
8.6.2 Satellite-to-satellite interference
135(1)
8.6.3 Terrestrial microwave interference
136(1)
8.7 The limit on capacity
136(1)
8.8 Digital and analog systems' response to noise
137(4)
Part 3: The Space Segment 141(100)
Chapter 9 The Space Environment
143(10)
9.1 A matter of some gravity
143(1)
9.2 High vacuum
144(2)
9.3 Radiation in space
146(2)
9.3.1 Cosmic rays
147(1)
9.4 Meteor-nids, -lites, and -s
148(1)
9.5 Space debris
149(4)
Chapter 10 Orbits
153(1)
10.1 Kepler's Laws
153(1)
10.2 Geosynchronous and geostationary orbits
156(4)
10.2.1 Inclined geosynchronous orbits
160(1)
10.3 Nongeostationary orbits
160(1)
10.3.1 Low orbits
161(1)
10.3.2 "Little" and "big" LEDs
162(1)
10.3.3 "Virtual GEO" orbits
163(1)
10.3.4 Molniya orbits
163(1)
10.4 Geosynchronous transfer orbit
164(5)
Chapter 11 Orbital Slots, Frequencies, Footprints, and Coverage
169(1)
11.1 Satellite longitude and spacing
169(2)
11.1.1 Orbital spacing
171(2)
11.2 Once around the Clarke orbit
173(1)
11.3 Satellite coverage
174(2)
11.3.1 Orbits and groundtracks
176(1)
11.4 Satellite orbits and the Sun
176(2)
11.4.1 Eclipses in the Clarke orbit
178(2)
11.4.2 Eclipse protection
180(1)
11.4.3 NGSO eclipses
181(1)
11.4.4 Solar outages
181(4)
Chapter 12 Out To Launch
185(1)
12.1 The launcher's job
185(2)
12.1.1 A fuel and its rocket are soon parted
187(1)
12.1.2 Where the rubber meets the road to space
187(1)
12.1.3 How liquids move your assets
188(1)
12.1.4 Small thrusters
189(1)
12.2 The launch vehicle and launch program
189(3)
12.2.1 The launch campaign
192(1)
12.3 Launch vehicles
193(1)
12.4 Launch bases
201(6)
Chapter 13 Satellite Systems and Construction
207(1)
13.1 Satellite manufacturers
207(1)
13.2 Major satellite subsystems
208(3)
13.2.1 Structural subsystem
211(4)
13.2.2 Antenna system
215(2)
13.2.3 Power generating, storage, and conditioning subsystem
217(1)
13.2.4 Stationkeeping and orientation subsystems
218(2)
13.2.5 Thermal control subsystem
220(1)
13.2.6 Telemetry and command subsystem
220(1)
13.3 Communications payload subsystem
221(1)
13.3.1 Transponder amplifiers
222(1)
13.3.2 Redundancy
223(1)
13.3.3 Transponder characteristics and uses
224(1)
13.3.4 "Bent-pipe" satellites
225(3)
13.3.5 Onboard processing satellites
228(1)
13.3.5.1 Onboard multiplexing
229(1)
13.3.5.2 Intersatellite links
229(2)
Chapter 14 Satellite Operations: Housekeeping and Communications
231(1)
14.1 Satellite operations
231(1)
14.1.1 Tracking
231(1)
14.1.2 Telemetry
232(1)
14.1.3 Satellite control
233(1)
14.1.4 Satellite stationkeeping and orientation operations
234(3)
14.1.5 Orientation and pointing
237(1)
14.1.6 Relocation
238(1)
14.2 Satellite lifetime
238(1)
14.3 Communication operations
240(1)
Part 4: The Ground Segment 241(54)
Chapter 15 Earth Stations: Types, Hardware, and Pointing
243(1)
15.1 Types of earthstations
244(1)
15.1.1 Single-purpose stations
244(3)
15.1.2 Gateway stations
247(2)
15.1.3 Teleports
249(2)
15.2 Environmental effects on antennas
251(1)
15.3 Antenna pointing
252(1)
15.4 Antenna mountings
256(1)
15.4.1 Elevation-azimuth mounts
257(1)
15.4.2 Equatorial mounts
258(3)
Chapter 16 Earthstations: Antenna Properties
261(1)
16.1 Dish antennas
261(2)
16.1.1 Feed configuration
263(2)
16.2 Horn antennas
265(1)
16.3 Phased-array antennas
265(1)
16.4 Yagi antennas
265(1)
16.5 Multibeam antennas
266(1)
16.6 Nondirectional antennas
266(1)
16.7 Dish properties: directionality
267(1)
16.8 Dish properties: gain
269(1)
16.9 Limits on sidelobe gain
270(3)
Chapter 17 Earthstations: Signal Flow, Electronics, EIRP, and G/T
273(1)
17.1 The length of the link
273(1)
17.2 Electronics
275(1)
17.2.1 HPAs
275(1)
17.2.2 LNA-B-Cs
276(2)
17.2.3 Receivers
278(1)
17.3 Earthstation functions and signal flow
279(1)
17.3.1 Small receive-only earthstations
279(1)
17.3.2 Two-way earthstations
280(1)
17.3.3 Large earthstations
280(3)
17.4 Other signal processing
283(1)
17.4.1 The echo problem
284(1)
17.5 Dish + electronics
285(1)
17.5.1 EIRP
285(2)
17.5.2 Figure of merit
287(1)
17.6 Using satellite footprint maps
288(7)
Part 5: The Satellite [ -] Earth Link 293
Chapter 18 Atmospheric Effects on Signals
295(1)
18.1 An optical analogy
295(1)
18.2 Elevation angle and path length
296(1)
18.3 Atmospheric effects
297(1)
18.3.1 Through a gas darkly
298(1)
18.3.2 Frequency dependence
299(1)
18.3.3 Rain fade and rain fade margins
299(1)
18.4 Global rain climate models
300(2)
18.4.1 The Crane model
302(1)
18.4.2 The ITU model
303(3)
18.5 Noise from the atmosphere
306(1)
18.6 Polarization effects
306(1)
18.6.1 Rain depolarization
306(1)
18.6.2 Ice depolarization
307(1)
18.6.3 Multipath depolarization
307(1)
18.7 Scintillation
308(1)
18.8 Scattering
309(1)
18.9 Improving the quality of a degraded satellite link
309(2)
Chapter 19 Putting It All Together: Link Budgets
311(1)
19.1 The link budget
312(2)
19.1.1 Turning the formula around
314(2)
19.1.2 Digital signal quality
316(1)
19.2 What's fixed and what's changeable?
316(3)
Chapter 20 Multiple Access: Many Users on One Satellite
319(1)
20.1 Compact system descriptions
319(1)
20.2 SDMA: space-division multiple access
320(1)
20.3 FDMA: frequency-division multiple access
323(3)
20.3.1 SPADE
326(1)
20.4 TDMA: time-division multiple access
327(2)
20.4.1 VSAT as an example of multiple access
329(1)
20.4.2 Aloha
330(1)
20.5 CDMA: code-division multiple access
331(1)
20.6 PCMA: paired-carrier multiple access
333(1)
20.7 Demand assignment
333(1)
20.8 Multiplexing onboard satellite
334(1)
20.8.1 Multiple multiplexing
335(1)
20.9 Multiple access summary
335(2)
Part 6: Satellite Communications Systems 337(30)
Chapter 21 Satellite Communications Providers and Competitors
339(1)
21.1 Satellite competitiveness
339(1)
21.2 Satellite's competitors
342(1)
21.2.1 Fiber optics
342(1)
21.2.2 Stratospheric platforms
342(1)
21.3 Satellite system economics
343(1)
21.3.1 Satellite networks and systems
344(1)
21.4 Categorizing satellite systems
344(1)
21.4.1 Treaty-based operators
345(1)
21.4.1.1 Arabsat
346(1)
21.4.1.2 Intersputnik
346(1)
21.4.2 National domestic and regional satellite systems
347(1)
21.4.3 Private satellite operators
347(1)
21.4.3.1 Eutelsat
348(1)
21.4.3.2 Inmarsat
348(1)
21.4.3.3 Intelsat
349(1)
21.4.3.4 Loral
350(1)
21.4.3.5 New Skies Satellite
350(1)
21.4.3.6 PanAmSat
351(1)
21.4.3.7 SES
351(1)
21.5 Using communications via satellite
351(1)
21.5.1 Obtaining space segment
352(1)
21.5.1.1 Transponder brokers
353(2)
21.5.2 Obtaining ground segment services
355(1)
21.5.3 Obtaining TT&C
355(2)
Chapter 22 Issues, Trends, and the Future
357(1)
22.1 Rapid changes in the telecommunications industry
357(1)
22.2 Some major telecommunications and satellite issues
358(1)
22.2.1 Spectrum availability
358(1)
22.2.2 Orbit availability
359(1)
22.2.3 Industrial issues
359(1)
22.2.4 Launcher and launchpad availability
360(1)
22.2.5 Financial capability availability and risk
360(1)
22.2.6 Multiple standards
361(1)
22.2.7 Multiple regulatory environments
361(2)
22.3 Satellite industry trends
363(1)
22.4 The future of communications via satellite
364(3)
Appendices
A. Glossary of Common Satellite Telecommunication Terms
367(26)
B. List of Common Acronyms and Abbreviations
393(16)
C. Selected Bibliography for Additional Reading
409(4)
D. Periodicals and Newsletters
413(2)
E. Mathematical Background and Details
415(10)
E.1 Units and measurements
415(1)
E.2 Logarithms and decibels
416(1)
E.2.1 Decibels
417(1)
E.3 Bandwidth expressed in decibels
418(1)
E.4 The binary number system
418(1)
E.5 Noise temperature and noise figure
419(1)
E.6 Shannon's Law of channel capacity
420(1)
E.7 Kepler's Laws of orbits
420(1)
E.8 Orbital parameters
420(1)
E.9 Antenna properties
421(1)
E.9.1 Beamwidth
421(1)
E.9.2 Dish gain
422(1)
E.9.3 Antenna gain rule (sidelobe gain rule)
422(1)
E.10 Space loss
423(1)
E.11 Digital link budget
423(1)
E.12 Combining uplink and downlink C/N
423(2)
Index 425