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Shape of the State in Medieval Scotland, 1124-1290 [Kietas viršelis]

(Lecturer in Medieval History, King's College London)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 550 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 240x162x35 mm, weight: 942 g, black and white maps
  • Serija: Oxford Studies In Medieval European History
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Mar-2016
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198749201
  • ISBN-13: 9780198749202
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 550 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 240x162x35 mm, weight: 942 g, black and white maps
  • Serija: Oxford Studies In Medieval European History
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Mar-2016
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198749201
  • ISBN-13: 9780198749202
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
This is the first full-length study of Scottish royal government in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries ever to have been written. It uses untapped legal evidence to set out a new narrative of governmental development. Between 1124 and 1290, the way in which kings of Scots ruled their kingdom transformed. By 1290 accountable officials, a system of royal courts, and complex common law procedures had all been introduced, none of which could have been envisaged in 1124.

The Shape of the State in Medieval Scotland, 1124-1290 argues that governmental development was a dynamic phenomenon, taking place over the long term. For the first half of the twelfth century, kings ruled primarily through personal relationships and patronage, only ruling through administrative and judicial officers in the south of their kingdom. In the second half of the twelfth century, these officers spread north but it was only in the late twelfth century that kings routinely ruled through institutions. Throughout this period of profound change, kings relied on aristocratic power as an increasingly formal part of royal government. In putting forward this narrative, Alice Taylor refines or overturns previous understandings in Scottish historiography of subjects as diverse as the development of the Scottish common law, feuding and compensation, Anglo-Norman 'feudalism', the importance of the reign of David I, recordkeeping, and the kingdom's military organisation. In addition, she argues that Scottish royal government was not a miniature version of English government; there were profound differences between the two polities arising from the different role and function aristocratic power played in each kingdom.

The volume also has wider significance. The formalisation of aristocratic power within and alongside the institutions of royal government in Scotland forces us to question whether the rise of royal power necessarily means the consequent decline of aristocratic power in medieval polities. The book thus not only explains an important period in the history of Scotland, it places the experience of Scotland at the heart of the process of European state formation as a whole

Recenzijos

In the next generation, all arguments on Scottish governance (and much else) will start from this book. * Paul R. Hyams, American Historical Review * [ Alice Taylor] is to be congratulated and thanked, not only for a remarkable contribution to our knowledge and understanding of medieval Scotland and its systems of government and law, but also for the stimulation which her work will undoubtedly provide. * Hector L. MacQueen, Edinburgh Law Review * [ A]uthoritative new study....Through a close reading of the surviving source material that challenges several long-held assumptions, Taylor breaks new ground. This book is the culmination of more than a decade of detailed studies by Taylor. It is a challenging work, informed by profound scholarship and a keen sense of purpose. It is sure to lead to considerable discussion and inspire further work in this difficult area of study. * J.S. Hamilton, Scotia: Interdisciplinary Journal of Scottish Studies * Every generation or so a book is produced that is truly transformative of our understanding of the historical processes that led to evolutionary step changes in the development of a culture or polity. Such is the status of Alice Taylor's magisterial study of the formation of the medieval Scottish state. ... Through Alice Taylor's scholarship we have been presented with a new historiographical horizon; now we need to populate the new landscape with the detail of the new world beyond it. * Richard Oram, Renaissance Quarterly * In this hugely significant and ambitious book, Alice Taylor offers a detailed survey of the developing form of royal government in Scotland during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries... Through rigorous and insightful analysis, Taylor has constructed a vital interpretive model for understanding the dynamics of royal power in Scotland during this period. * Victoria Hodgson, University of Stirling * The Shape of the State in Medieval Scotland is a work of great scholarship and insight. Through its penetrating analysis of detailed evidence and complex sources, it builds a picture of the gradual development of the state in early Scotland, drawing upon fresh approaches and evidence to yield a textured and nuanced understanding of the growth of royal government in 12th and 13th-century Scotland ... Situating its analysis in a European perspective, it makes an important contribution to the study of medieval kingship, statecraft and the aristocracy. This is a ground-breaking book which will set the terms of debate for many years to come. * Judges' comments for the 2017 Whitfield Prize of the Royal Historical Society * This volume represents a truly remarkable scholarly achievement. Without doubt, it is the single most significant work to be published on the Scottish legal system during the central Middle Ages in over 20 years. And yet is does more. Its revolutionary conclusions convincingly explain how the laws of the realm were transformed by shifting power structures in twelfth-century and thirteenth-century Scotland. Furthermore, it achieves this goal in such a way as to demonstrate that the Scottish experience is of great comparative significance. * Comparative Legal History * As another referendum looms, this book comes at an opportune moment to act as a corrective to the co-opting of the medieval past. It is ambitious and thorough; it succeeds in its stated aims, and then some. * Toby Salisbury, Reviews in History * The scope of the ground-breaking scholarship displayed by Taylor in this book is remarkable. Through meticulous and rigorous research into extremely difficult manuscript traditions -- which were once described as an 'Augean Stable' of texts by their early-modern editor -- she has recovered much evidence which was previously simply unavailable to Scottish historians. * Andrew RC Simpson, Comparative Legal History * Alice Taylor is to be congratulated on an outstanding work. * Stephen Marritt, Sehepunkte * excellent ... a historian with Taylor's rare accomplishments will be able to shed more light on the matter ... So much illumination has already been provided by this remarkable book that to ask for more would be unreasonable * J. D. Ford, Modern Law Review * this impressive and timely monograph ... does indeed represent the most significant contribution in a generation to the study of the development of government and law (the 'state' in anachronistic terms) in the emerging medieval Scottish kingdom. Moreover, it must prompt careful reassessment of much of our understanding of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries in that realm and beyond. It is a challenging but undeniably rewarding read on many levels, a model in structure, historiographical context and the layering in and critical evaluation of complex, often seemingly contradictory, records sources (many of them freshly translated and reconsidered by the author). * Michael Penman, Parliaments, Estates and Representation *

Daugiau informacijos

Winner of Joint winner of the 2017 Whitfield Prize of the Royal Historical Society.
List of Maps
xi
List of Tables
xiii
List of Abbreviations
xv
Preliminary Notes xxi
Introduction 1(24)
The Expansion of Royal Power over North Britain
4(8)
The Aims of This Book
12(13)
PART I RULERS AND RULED, 1124--1230
1 The Early Scottish State?
25(59)
An Early State?
26(7)
The More Maximalist Views
27(4)
The More Minimalist Views
31(2)
Earls and Earldoms
33(21)
Terminological Problems
34(3)
Rank and Hierarchy
37(5)
Succession
42(3)
Provincia and Comitatus
45(9)
Thanes and Thanages
54(15)
Thane as Estate Manager
54(2)
Thane as Rank
56(3)
Thanes and Kin-groups
59(1)
Thanes, Knights, and Landed Estates
60(6)
Thanages
66(3)
The Landed Patronage Strategies of the Kings of Scots
69(12)
Conclusion
81(3)
2 Common Burdens in the Regnum Scottorum
84(30)
The Problem: Cain and Coinnmed
84(7)
Royal Service
91(2)
The Tripartite Obligation
93(9)
Mechanisms for Raising Common Burdens
102(9)
Conclusion
111(3)
3 Written Law and the Maintenance of Order, 1124--1230
114(77)
Written Law and Legal Specialism
117(18)
Leges Inter Brettos et Scotos: Ethnic Assimilation or Lawyers' Tractate?
123(9)
The Promulgation of Written Law in the Late Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries
132(3)
Crime, Punishment, Feud and Fines
135(17)
Crime in Leges Scocie
140(2)
Crime and Enforcement
142(5)
Homicide and Compensation: Separate Legal Orders?
147(5)
Charters, Fines, and Jurisdictions
152(12)
The Delineation of Jurisdictions
157(7)
The King's Peace
164(12)
Brieves of Peace and Protection
165(4)
Oaths
169(3)
Conclusion
172(4)
Conclusion: The Anglo-Norman Era Revisited
176(15)
PART II THE EMERGENCE OF A BUREAUCRATIC STATE, c.1170--1290?
4 The Institutions of Royal Government, c.1170--1290
191(75)
Sheriffs
192(18)
The Sheriffdom
195(10)
Shrieval Courts and Jurisdiction
205(5)
Justiciars
210(34)
The Regional Divisions
212(6)
Mael Coluim IV, Indices and Royal Justices
218(6)
William the Lion, Earl Donnchad, and the Regional Divisions
224(9)
The Ayre
233(1)
The Justiciar's Ayre: The Evidence of the 1263--66 Account Roll
234(4)
Justice Courts and the Justiciar's Ayre
238(6)
Chamberlains
244(19)
Who Were the Chamberlains?
245(9)
The Chamberlain's Account of 1264 in Context
254(5)
The Chamberlain and the Burghs in the Thirteenth Century
259(4)
Conclusion
263(3)
5 The Development of a Common Law, 1230--90
266(83)
Views on the Thirteenth-Century Common Law
267(4)
The Legislation of Alexander II
271(26)
The 1230 Legislation
273(1)
Replegiation and Aristocratic Jurisdiction (SA, c. 4)
274(3)
Theft and the Problem of Trial by Battle (SA, c. 5)
277(3)
Theft, Robbery and Further Issues of Proof (SA, c. 6)
280(5)
Novel Dissasine (SA, c. 7)
285(8)
The Remainder of Alexander II's Legislation
293(2)
Conclusion
295(2)
Brieve Collections and the Alexandrian Leap Forward
297(26)
Pleadable Brieves, Retourable Brieves, and Non-Pleadable Brieves
298(3)
Brieve Formulae in the Ayr Manuscript
301(6)
Legal Brieves in the Thirteenth Century
307(1)
Dissasine and Mortancestry
308(1)
Recognition and Perambulation
309(6)
Right
315(3)
Inquests
318(1)
The Different Forms of Process
319(2)
Conclusion
321(2)
Inquests and Dispute Settlement
323(11)
The Kilpatrick Case, 1270--73
326(6)
The Development of Retourable Brieves
332(2)
Aristocratic and Ecclesiastical Jurisdictions
334(10)
Conclusion
344(5)
6 Accounting and Revenue, c. 1180--1290
349(50)
The Growth of Auditing and Accounting
351(15)
The Development of Probative Accounting
361(5)
Sources of Income and Expenditure
366(23)
Income
367(1)
Ferms, Renders, and Wardships
368(3)
Fines and Reliefs
371(3)
Profits of Justice from the Sheriff and Justiciar
374(5)
Expenditure
379(1)
Second Teinds
379(6)
Hosting, Entertainment, and Financial Remuneration
385(2)
Conclusion
387(2)
Control over the Coinage
389(8)
Conclusion
397(2)
7 A Bureaucratic Government?
399(58)
Enrolment and Recordkeeping
399(18)
A Snapshot of Government, 1263--66
417(17)
Conclusion
434(4)
Conclusion: The Shape of the State in Medieval Scotland
438(19)
Appendix
457(8)
A Note on the Legal Sources
457(3)
The Relationship between LS, LW, SA, CD, and the texts published in APS, volume 1
460(5)
Bibliography 465(38)
Index 503
Alice Taylor is a Reader in Medieval History at King's College London. She was born in London and studied History at St Peter's College, Oxford. After receiving her doctorate from Oxford in 2009, she was a Research Fellow at King's College, Cambridge until 2011, when she joined the History Department at KCL. The Shape of the State was her first book, and was jointly awarded the Royal Historical Society's Whitfield Prize in 2017. Also in 2017, she was awarded a Philip Leverhulme Prize for History.