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Single-Polymer Composites [Kietas viršelis]

(Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India), (Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 252 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 544 g, 120 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 17-Sep-2018
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138575321
  • ISBN-13: 9781138575325
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Single-Polymer CompositesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 252 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 544 g, 120 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 17-Sep-2018
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138575321
  • ISBN-13: 9781138575325
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781138575325.html
Raktažodžiai:
This book discusses the concept of single polymer composites (SPCs), their preparation, and properties and the main factors which affect the manufacturing of this class of composites. It deals with the leading classes of polymers, chapter wise, which have been majorly explored for manufacturing SPCs polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, and LCPs includes a case study on manufacturing of SPCs, and devotes three chapters to detailed analyses of research on all-cellulose composites. Addressing the concerns of the researchers, it also answers intriguing questions in the field of SPCs with pointers to the right references.

Key Features











Presents a summary of single polymer composites based on various polymers





Includes mechanical and thermal properties of single polymer composites





Reviews detailed view of eco-friendly approaches to composites





Offers a special focus on all-cellulose composites





Supports concepts with figures, schemes, and tables
Preface xiii
Authors xv
1 Single-Polymer Composites: General Considerations
1(18)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Initial Research
2(1)
1.3 General Considerations for Single-Polymer Composites
3(9)
1.3.1 Elevation of Melting Point
3(3)
1.3.2 Initial Morphology
6(1)
1.3.3 Structural Changes with Temperature
6(1)
1.3.4 Thermal Mismatch
7(2)
1.3.5 Compaction Pressure
9(1)
1.3.6 Transcrystallinity
10(1)
1.3.7 Crystallization Behavior and Cooling History
11(1)
1.4 Conclusion
12(7)
References
13(6)
2 Transcrystallinity in Single-Polymer Composites
19(14)
2.1 Introduction
19(1)
2.2 Causes of Transcrystallinity
19(2)
2.3 Importance of Fiber Introduction Temperature on Transcrystallinity
21(1)
2.4 Transcrystalline Growth as a Function of Initial Temperature and Degree of Undercooling
22(2)
2.5 Effect of Surface Change on Transcrystallinity
24(3)
2.6 Matrix Morphology
27(2)
2.6.1 Effect of Transcrystallinity
28(1)
2.7 Conclusion
29(4)
References
29(4)
3 Single-Polymer Composites from Polyolefins
33(30)
3.1 Introduction
33(1)
3.2 Single-Polymer Composites with Varying Starting Materials Based on PE
34(6)
3.2.1 TENFOR
34(1)
3.2.1.1 Gel-Spun Fibers
35(1)
3.2.2 Oriented Fibers and Tapes
36(2)
3.2.3 Use of a Combination of Different Grades of Polyethylene
38(1)
3.2.3.1 HDPE and LDPE
39(1)
3.2.3.2 UHMWPE/HDPE
39(1)
3.2.3.3 UHMPE/LDPE
40(1)
3.3 Single-Polymer Composites from Polypropylene
40(14)
3.3.1 Different Approaches to Single-Polymer Composites from Polypropylene
40(1)
3.3.1.1 Microcellular Injection Molding
40(4)
3.3.1.2 Undercooling Melt Film Stacking Method
44(2)
3.3.1.3 Hot Compaction of Woven Materials
46(3)
3.3.1.4 Film-Stacking Method
49(1)
3.3.2 Importance of Starting Material
50(1)
3.3.2.1 α- and β- Polymorphs of Isotactic PP Homopolymer and Random Copolymer
50(1)
3.3.2.2 PP Yarns and Materials α and β Crystal Forms of Isotactic PP Homopolymer
50(1)
3.3.2.3 PP Tape
51(2)
3.3.3 Advances in Testing Methods
53(1)
3.4 Conclusion
54(9)
References
58(5)
4 Single-Polymer Composites from Polyamides
63(18)
4.1 Introduction
63(3)
4.2 Single-Polymer Composites from Nylons Based on Routes of Manufacturing
66(8)
4.2.1 Resin Transfer Molding
66(1)
4.2.2 Film-Stacking Technique
67(2)
4.2.3 Film-Casting Technique
69(1)
4.2.4 Microencapsulation
70(2)
4.2.5 In situ Polymerization
72(2)
4.3 Comparisons and Concluding Remarks
74(7)
References
77(4)
5 Single-Polymer Composites from Polyesters
81(16)
5.1 Introduction
81(1)
5.2 Single-Polymer Composites from Different Starting Materials
82(11)
5.2.1 Fibers
82(3)
5.2.2 Tapes
85(1)
5.2.3 Double-Covered Uncommingled Yarn
86(4)
5.2.4 Bicomponent Multifilament Yarns
90(1)
5.2.5 Woven Sheets
91(2)
5.3 Comparative Study and Conclusions
93(4)
References
94(3)
6 PLA-Based Single-Polymer Composites
97(18)
6.1 PLA Self-Reinforced Composites Based on Composite Manufacturing
97(9)
6.1.1 Importance of Temperature
103(2)
6.1.2 Importance of Time
105(1)
6.2 Application of PLA Self-Reinforced Composites
106(2)
6.3 Comparative Analyses and Concluding Remarks
108(7)
References
112(3)
7 All-Cellulose Composites: Concepts, Raw Materials, Synthesis, Phase Characterization, and Structure Analysis
115(44)
7.1 Introduction
115(1)
7.2 Cellulose: Chemistry and Overview
116(3)
7.2.1 Solid-State Structures of Native Cellulose
116(1)
7.2.2 Polymorphism of Cellulose
117(1)
7.2.3 Physical and Chemical Properties of Cellulose
118(1)
7.3 Sources of Cellulose
119(1)
7.4 Pros and Cons of Cellulosic Materials for Making Bio-composites
120(2)
7.5 Basic Concepts of All-Cellulose Composites
122(1)
7.6 Classification of All-Cellulose Composites
123(1)
7.6.1 ACCs Based on Type of Matrix Phase
123(1)
7.6.2 ACCs Based on Type of Reinforcement
124(1)
7.6.3 ACCs Based on Alignment of Reinforcements
124(1)
7.7 Different Forms of Cellulosic Materials for the Preparation of ACCs
124(2)
7.8 Manufacturing of Non-Derivatized All-Cellulose Composites
126(7)
7.8.1 Cellulose Dissolution
126(1)
7.8.1.1 Cellulose-Solvent Systems for Manufacturing Non-Derivatized ACCs
126(3)
7.8.1.2 Mechanisms of Cellulose Dissolution
129(3)
7.8.2 Cellulose Regeneration
132(1)
7.8.3 Drying
133(1)
7.9 Synthesis of ACCs and Different Processing Routes
133(6)
7.9.1 Impregnation Technique
133(2)
7.9.2 Partial Dissolution Technique
135(2)
7.9.3 Other Approaches
137(1)
7.9.3.1 Derivatized ACCs
138(1)
7.9.3.2 Non-Derivatized and Non-Solvent Approach
138(1)
7.10 Phase Characterization of Cellulose in All-Cellulose Composites
139(9)
7.10.1 Wide-Angle X-ray Diffraction Analysis
140(3)
7.10.2 CP/MAS13C NMR Spectra Analysis
143(2)
7.10.3 FTIR Spectra Analysis
145(2)
7.10.4 Raman Spectra
147(1)
7.11 Microstructural Analysis of Different ACCs
148(3)
7.12 Conclusion
151(8)
References
151(8)
8 Properties of Non-Derivatized All-Cellulose Composites
159(48)
8.1 Introduction
159(1)
8.2 Mechanical Properties
160(24)
8.2.1 Factors Affecting Mechanical Properties of ACCs
160(1)
8.2.2 Mechanics of ACCs
160(1)
8.2.3 Rule of Mixtures: General and Modified Equations
161(1)
8.2.4 Tensile Properties of Unidirectional ACCs
161(6)
8.2.5 Tensile Properties of Isotropic ACCs
167(9)
8.2.6 Flexural Properties of ACCs
176(2)
8.2.7 Impact Properties of ACCs
178(1)
8.2.8 Peel Strength of ACC Laminates
179(1)
8.2.9 Fracture Behavior of ACCs
179(5)
8.3 Viscoelastic and Thermal Properties of ACCs
184(5)
8.3.1 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
184(3)
8.3.2 Thermogravimetric Analysis
187(1)
8.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient
188(1)
8.4 Optical Transparency of ACCs
189(3)
8.5 Other Miscellaneous Properties of ACCs
192(5)
8.5.1 Density
192(1)
8.5.2 Thickness
193(1)
8.5.3 Fluid Permeability and Barrier Property
193(2)
8.5.4 Hydrophobicity
195(1)
8.5.5 Swelling and Re-swelling of ACC-gel
196(1)
8.5.6 Drug-Release Property
197(1)
8.6 Biodegradability of ACCs
197(2)
8.7 Conclusion
199(8)
References
200(7)
9 Derivatized All-Cellulose Composites
207(20)
9.1 Introduction
207(1)
9.2 Derivatizing Solvents
208(1)
9.3 Philosophy of Making DACCs
208(1)
9.4 Different Types of DACC
209(1)
9.5 Benzylated Cellulose-Based DACCs
209(2)
9.5.1 Synthesis
209(1)
9.5.2 Structure and Properties
210(1)
9.6 Esterified Cellulose-Based DACCs
211(2)
9.6.1 Synthesis
211(2)
9.6.2 Structure and Properties
213(1)
9.7 Oxypropylated Cellulose-Based DACCs
213(3)
9.7.1 Synthesis
213(2)
9.7.2 Structure and Properties
215(1)
9.8 Carbamated Cellulose-Based DACCs
216(3)
9.8.1 Synthesis
216(1)
9.8.2 Structure and Properties
216(3)
9.9 Synthesis and Properties of DACC Produced by TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation
219(1)
9.10 Comparison of Mechanical Properties: Non-Derivatized ACC vs DACC
220(1)
9.11 Synthesis and Properties of ACC Fibers or Nanofibers
220(1)
9.12 ThermosetDACC
221(1)
9.12.1 Synthesis
221(1)
9.12.2 Structure and Properties
222(1)
9.13 Conclusion
222(5)
References
223(4)
10 Applications, Current Difficulties, and Future Scope of Single-Polymer Composites
227(18)
10.1 Introduction
227(1)
10.2 Probable Applications of SPCs
227(7)
10.2.1 Synthetic Polymer-Based SPCs
227(1)
10.2.2 Companies Using Synthetic Polymer-Based SPCs in Commercial Applications
228(1)
10.2.2.1 Curv
228(1)
10.2.2.2 Armordon
229(1)
10.2.2.3 PURE
230(1)
10.2.3 All-Cellulose Composites
231(3)
10.3 Current Difficulties, Major Challenges, and Future Scope of SRCs
234(5)
10.3.1 Synthetic Polymer-Based SPCs
234(1)
10.3.1.1 Current Difficulties and Major Challenges
234(1)
10.3.1.2 Future Scope
235(1)
10.3.2 All-cellulose Composites
236(3)
10.4 Conclusion
239(6)
References
239(6)
Index 245
Dr. Samrat Mukhopadhyay is an Associate Professor at the Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi. A gold medalist from the University of Kolkata, he subsequently did his Masters and PhD from IIT Delhi. He worked with Arvind Mills, Ahmedabad, had been teaching in various colleges in India and was with the Fibrous Materials Research Group, University of Minho, Portugal as a Post-Doctoral Scientist with the prestigious FCT grant before joining the Department. He has been working with synthetic and natural fibers, fiber reinforced composites and concrete systems, sustainable approaches in textile chemistry, color science and technological interventions in handloom sector. Presently he is part of research groups working on clothing for extreme weather protection funded by Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Government of India. He is also working with Design Innovation grants, Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD). He is involved in projects with joint funding from industry and Government of India for developing practical solutions for industry under the Uchhatar Abhiskar Yojana (UAY).

He has been working with single polymer composites for the last two decades. Part of his Phd work was using polypropylene filaments in single polymer composites. He was the Principal Investigator of a project sponsored by GAIL, Government of India, on development of high impact structures from single-polymer composites from HDPE. The project was successfully executed and has been funded for second stage of execution jointly with Indian Institute of Packaging, Government of India for developing prototypes. He has also worked on all-cellulose composites systems jointly with the co-author.

Bapan Adak obtained B.Tech degree in 2010 from Govt. College of Engineering and Textile Technology, Serampore (West Bengal, India) in Textile Engineering. During his B.Tech, he worked on Dyeing of silk with natural coloring matters with or without mordants and published his work in a reputed textile journal. In 2010, he joined in Arvind Ltd, Gujarat, India and continued his work for three years as manufacturing manager. In 2013, he started M.Tech in Fibre Science and Technology from Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India and received his M.Tech degree in 2015. During M.Tech, he worked on cellulose based single-polymer composites popularly termed as - All-cellulose composites. He has published several papers in reputed journals from his M.Tech research work. Currently, he is doing Ph.D from Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India. His PhD topic is related to Studies on high gas barrier and weather resistant polyurethane nanocomposite films and laminates, which is a part of an ongoing project sponsored by Aerial Delivery Research & Development Establishment (ADRDE, Agra), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO, India).