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El. knyga: Smart Bioremediation Technologies: Microbial Enzymes

Edited by (Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dolphin (P.G) College of Biomedical and Natural Sciences Dehradun, India)
  • Formatas: 408 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 07-Jun-2019
  • Leidėjas: Academic Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128183083
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: 408 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 07-Jun-2019
  • Leidėjas: Academic Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128183083
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Smart Bioremediation Technologies: Microbial Enzymes provides insights into the complex behavior of enzymes and identifies metabolites and their degradation pathways. It will help readers work towards solutions for sustainable medicine and environmental pollution. The book highlights the microbial enzymes that have replaced many plant and animal enzymes, also presenting their applications in varying industries, including pharmaceuticals, genetic engineering, biofuels, diagnostics and therapy. In addition, new methods, including genomics and metagenomics, are being employed for the discovery of new enzymes from microbes. This book brings all of these topics together, representing the first resource on how to solve problems in bioremediation.

  • Provides the most novel approaches in enzyme studies
  • Gives insights in real-time enzymology that are correlated with bioremediation
  • Serves as a valuable resource on the use of genomes, transcriptomes and proteomes with bioremediation
  • Refers to enzymes as diagnostic tools
List of Contributors
xiii
1 Mushroom mycoremediation: kinetics and mechanism
1(22)
Anupam Barh
Babita Kumari
Shweta Sharma
Sudheer Kumar Annepu
Anil Kumar
Shwet Kamal
Ved Parkash Sharma
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Bioremediation steps
2(5)
1.3 Mushroom peroxidases
7(1)
1.4 Mushroom laccases in bioremediation
8(3)
1.5 Exploitation of postmushroom substrate or spent mushroom substrate in bioremediation
11(5)
1.6 Conclusion
16(1)
References
16(6)
Further reading
22(1)
2 Omics technology to study bioremediation and respective enzymes
23(22)
Anupam Pandey
Priyanka H. Tripathi
Ankita H. Tripathi
Satish Chandra Pandey
Saurabh Gangola
2.1 Introduction
23(1)
2.2 Role of "omics" in bioremediation
24(2)
2.3 Role of genomics and transcriptomics in bioremediation
26(4)
2.4 Transcriptomics in bioremediation
30(2)
2.5 Role of proteomics in bioremediation
32(2)
2.6 Role of proteomics in characterization of pure cultures
34(3)
2.7 Role of metabolomics in bioremediation
37(2)
2.8 Conclusion
39(1)
References
40(5)
3 Enzymology of the nitrogen cycle and bioremediation of toxic nitrogenous compounds
45(18)
Anjul Rana
Raj Kumar Pandey
B. Ramakrishnan
3.1 Introduction
45(1)
3.2 Process of the nitrogen cycle
46(5)
3.3 Nitrification
51(3)
3.4 Nitrate reduction and denitrification
54(5)
3.5 Bioremediation in aquaculture
59(1)
3.6 Bioremediation of industrial effluents
60(1)
References
60(1)
Further reading
61(2)
4 Effects of xenobiotics and their biodegradation in marine life
63(20)
Ravindra
Pooja Arya
Syed Assim Haq
4.1 Introduction
63(1)
4.2 Xenobiotics and their sources
64(2)
4.3 Effects of xenobiotics in the marine ecosystem
66(9)
4.4 Conclusion
75(1)
References
76(7)
5 Role of keratinase in bioremediation of feathers and hairs
83(16)
Pankaj Dipankar
Chandra Bhan
5.1 Introduction
83(1)
5.2 History of keratinase
84(1)
5.3 Keratinolytic microorganisms
85(4)
5.4 Application of keratinase
89(4)
5.5 Summary
93(1)
Acknowledgments
93(1)
Conflict of interest
93(1)
References
94(5)
6 Enzymatic bioremediation: a smart tool to fight environmental pollutants
99(20)
Lakhan Kumar
Navneeta Bharadvaja
6.1 Introduction
99(4)
6.2 Smart remediation technologies
103(8)
6.3 Biosensors
111(2)
6.4 Conclusion and future prospects
113(1)
References
114(4)
Further reading
118(1)
7 Regional impact of psychrophilic bacteria on bioremediation
119(18)
Rishendra Kumar
Pankaj Kumar
Anchal Giri
7.1 Introduction
119(2)
7.2 Psychrophiles in Bioremediation
121(9)
7.3 Enzymology of psychrophilic organisms
130(1)
7.4 Conclusion
131(1)
Acknowledgments
131(1)
References
131(4)
Further reading
135(2)
8 Biotechnoiogical and microbial standpoint cahoot in bioremediation
137(22)
Pankaj Kumar
Bhim Jyoti
Ajay Kumar
Arunima Paliwal
8.1 Introduction
137(1)
8.2 Types of bioremediation
138(1)
8.3 Bioremediation techniques
139(1)
8.4 Microbial bioremediation
140(1)
8.5 Metal bioremediation
140(2)
8.6 Properties of waste materials
142(1)
8.7 Genetically engineered bacteria
142(3)
8.8 Microbe use in bioleaching
145(2)
8.9 Microbial enzymes in bioremediation
147(1)
8.10 Oxidoreductase
148(2)
8.11 Laccases
150(1)
8.12 Peroxidases
150(1)
8.13 Future prospects
151(1)
References
152(7)
9 Significance of soil enzymes in agriculture
159(10)
A.B. Gunjal
M.S. Waghmode
N.N. Patil
N.N. Nawani
9.1 Bioindicators
159(1)
9.2 Categories of soil enzymes
159(1)
9.3 Origin of soil enzymes
159(1)
9.4 Types of soil enzymes
160(1)
9.5 Soil enzymes as indicators of soil health
160(1)
9.6 Different soil enzymes in agriculture
160(2)
9.7 Applications of soil enzymes
162(1)
9.8 Soil enzyme activity
162(1)
9.9 Detection methods of soil enzymes
163(1)
9.10 Remediation of contaminated soils
163(1)
9.11 Significance of soil enzymes in carbon sequestration
163(3)
9.12 Soil enzymes for the degradation of pesticides
166(1)
9.13 Conclusion
166(1)
References
167(1)
Further reading
168(1)
10 Comparative analysis of fungal and bacterial enzymes in biodegradation of xenobiotic compounds
169(22)
Saurabh Gangola
Samiksha Joshi
Saurabh Kumar
Satish Chandra Pandey
10.1 Introduction
169(1)
10.2 Points of xenobiotic release
170(1)
10.3 Alternative degradation approach
171(1)
10.4 Limitations of bioremediation
172(1)
10.5 Strategies for biodegradation
173(1)
10.6 Aerobic and anaerobic degradation
174(3)
10.7 Enzymatic bioremediation
177(1)
10.8 Microbial enzymes in bioremediation
178(6)
10.9 Molecular biology, metabolic engineering, and future prospects
184(1)
10.10 Conclusion
185(1)
References
186(5)
11 Omics approaches for elucidating molecular mechanisms of microbial bioremediation
191(14)
Madhu Rawat
Srishti Rangarajan
11.1 Introduction
191(1)
11.2 Role of "omics" approaches in bioremediation
192(5)
11.3 Integrated "omics" approaches to study the molecular mechanism of bioremediation
197(2)
11.4 Conclusion
199(1)
References
200(3)
Further reading
203(2)
12 Major metabolites after degradation of xenobiotics and enzymes involved in these pathways
205(12)
Pankaj Bhatt
Vinay Mohan Pathak
Samiksha Joshi
Tara Sigh Bisht
Kuldeep Singh
Dinesh Chandra
12.1 Introduction
205(1)
12.2 Microbial metabolic pathways and major metabolites
206(1)
12.3 Biodegradation process and mechanism
207(2)
12.4 Biodegradation process: aerobic and anaerobic degradation
209(2)
12.5 Enzymology of xenobiotics biodegradation
211(2)
12.6 Conclusion
213(1)
References
214(1)
Further reading
215(2)
13 Microbial keratinase: a tool for bioremediation of feather waste
217(38)
Satish Chandra Pandey
Veni Pande
Diksha Sati
Saurabh Gangola
Saurabh Kumar
Anupam Pandey
Mukesh Samant
13.1 Introduction
217(6)
13.2 Biochemical characterization of keratinases
223(6)
13.3 Overview of characterized and commercialized microbial keratinases
229(4)
13.4 Biological treatment of chicken feathers
233(13)
13.5 Conclusion
246(1)
References
246(9)
14 Biodegradation of toxic dyes: a comparative study of enzyme action in a microbial system
255(34)
Veni Pande
Satish Chandra Pandey
Tushar Joshi
Diksha Sati
Saurabh Gangola
Saurabh Kumar
Mukesh Samant
14.1 Introduction
255(3)
14.2 Types of toxic dyes
258(4)
14.3 Factors affecting dye decolorization and degradation
262(7)
14.4 Bioremediation: an enzymatic approach toward degradation of toxic compounds
269(1)
14.5 Bacterial and fungal enzymes involved in dye decolorization and degradation
269(6)
14.6 Enzymatic mechanism for dye degradation in bacterial and fungal systems
275(4)
14.7 Conclusions and future perspectives
279(1)
References
279(10)
15 Phytoremediation facilitating enzymes: an enzymatic approach for enhancing remediation process
289(18)
Narendra Kumar
Neha Jeena
Narendra Kumar
Saurabh Gangola
Hukum Singh
15.1 Introduction
289(1)
15.2 Rhizoremediation
290(1)
15.3 Rhizofiltration
291(1)
15.4 Rhizostimulation
291(1)
15.5 Soil enzymes facilitating rhizoremediation
292(1)
15.6 Oxidoreductase
292(1)
15.7 Microbial monooxygenases
293(1)
15.8 Microbial dioxygenases
293(1)
15.9 Microbial laccases
294(1)
15.10 Microbial peroxidases
294(2)
15.11 Classification of peroxidases
296(1)
15.12 Hydrolytic enzymes for bioremediation
296(1)
15.13 Lipases
296(1)
15.14 Amylases
296(1)
15.15 Proteases
297(1)
15.16 Pullulanase
297(1)
15.17 Enzyme kinetics in phytoremediation
298(1)
15.18 The kinetics of plant enzymes
298(1)
15.19 Growth and metabolism kinetics in plants
299(1)
15.20 Metabolism kinetics of bacteria
300(1)
15.21 Hyperaccumulator plants
300(1)
15.22 Differences between hyperaccumulators and nonhyperaccumulators
301(1)
15.23 Effect of heavy metals on physiological responses of plants
302(1)
15.24 Common defense mechanism for heavy metals in plants
302(1)
15.25 Molecular basis of heavy metal accumulation
302(1)
15.26 Conclusion
303(1)
References
304(3)
16 Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-polluted soil using microbial enzymes
307(12)
Govind Kumar
J. Sai Prasad
Archna Suman
Ghanshyam Pandey
16.1 Introduction
307(2)
16.2 Factors affecting the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons
309(3)
16.3 Application of microbial enzyme-mediated bioremediation
312(2)
16.4 Conclusion
314(1)
16.5 Future perspectives
314(1)
References
315(4)
17 Microorganisms: an asset for decontamination of soil
319(28)
Dinesh Chandra
Thiyam General
Nisha
Satish Chandra
17.1 Introduction
319(2)
17.2 Role of microorganisms in the degradation of xenobiotic compounds and bioremediation techniques
321(2)
17.3 Microbial enzymes in the degradation of xenobiotic compounds
323(9)
17.4 Molecular techniques for detecting xenobiotic degraders and strategies for adaptation to xenobiotic compounds
332(3)
17.5 Conclusion
335(1)
17.6 Future perspectives
335(1)
References
335(12)
18 System biology, simulation, and network analysis of enzymes in waste removal from the environment
347(12)
Pankaj Bhatt
Rajesh Pathak
Kalpana Bhatt
18.1 Introduction
347(2)
18.2 Enzymology of waste biodegradation
349(1)
18.3 Systems biology: a holistic approach for integration and analysis of molecular data linked to waste management
350(1)
18.4 Simulation and network analysis of waste-degrading enzymes
351(2)
18.5 Biological network analysis for bioremediation
353(1)
18.6 Gene regulatory network for biodegradation
354(1)
18.7 Signal transduction network for biodegradation
354(1)
18.8 Protein---protein interaction network
354(1)
18.9 Metabolic network in bioremediation
355(1)
18.10 Conclusion
355(1)
References
356(2)
Further reading
358(1)
19 Evaluation of horizontal gene transfer of catabolic genes and its application in bioremediation
359(14)
Geeta Bhandari
Santosh Kr. Karn
19.1 Introduction
359(2)
19.2 Mechanism of horizontal gene transfer
361(1)
19.3 Role of horizontal gene transfer in bioremediation
362(2)
19.4 Horizontal transfer of catabolic genes involved in the degradation of organic pollutants
364(3)
19.5 Advantages and disadvantages associated with horizontal gene transfer
367(2)
19.6 Conclusion
369(1)
References
369(4)
Index 373
Dr. Pankaj Bhatt completed his PhD. in microbiology from G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India. His research focused on the molecular and microbiological basis of bioremediation. Dr Bhatt has published several articles in high impact factor leading journals including Scientific Reports, Frontiers in Microbiology, Chemosphere, Environmental research, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, and 3-Biotech. He has also published several book chapters on microbial biotechnology. Presently he is working as a Post-Doctoral researcher at Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou China.