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El. knyga: Soviet Passport: The History, Nature and Uses of the Internal Passport in the USSR

3.20/5 (10 ratings by Goodreads)
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  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Serija: New Russian Thought
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Nov-2021
  • Leidėjas: Polity Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781509543205
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Soviet Passport: The History, Nature and Uses of the Internal Passport in the USSRDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Serija: New Russian Thought
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Nov-2021
  • Leidėjas: Polity Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781509543205
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In this remarkable book, Albert Baiburin provides the first in-depth study of the development and uses of the passport, or state identity card, in the former Soviet Union.  First introduced in 1932, the Soviet passport took on an exceptional range of functions, extending not just to the regulation of movement and control of migrancy but also to the constitution of subjectivity and of social hierarchies based on place of residence, family background, and ethnic origin.

While the basic role of the Soviet passport was to certify a person’s identity, it assumed a far greater significance in Soviet life.  Without it, a person literally ‘disappeared’ from society.  It was impossible to find employment or carry out everyday activities like picking up a parcel from the post office; a person could not marry or even officially die without a passport.  It was absolutely essential on virtually every occasion when an individual had contact with officialdom because it was always necessary to prove that the individual was the person whom they claimed to be.  And since the passport included an indication of the holder’s ethnic identity, individuals found themselves accorded a certain rank in a new hierarchy of nationalities where some ethnic categories were ‘normal’ and others were stigmatized.  Passport systems were used by state officials for the deportation of entire population categories – the so-called ‘former people’, those from the pre-revolutionary elite, and the relations of ‘enemies of the people’.  But at the same time, passport ownership became the signifier of an acceptable social existence, and the passport itself – the information it contained, the photographs and signatures – became part of the life experience and self-perception of those who possessed it.

This meticulously researched and highly original book will be of great interest to students and scholars of Russia and the Soviet Union and to anyone interested in the shaping of identity in the modern world.

Recenzijos

"The Soviet passport's antiphonal role, as both technique of oppressive state control and as a positive sign of equal rights and status for citizens, gave it extraordinary importance in everyday life and made it a quasi-sacred object. Thoroughly researched, vividly written and moving, this book is essential reading for an understanding of changing citizenship regimes in Russia." Caroline Humphrey, University of Cambridge

"In this meticulously researched and powerfully argued book, Albert Baiburin mines the history of the Soviet passport as both an instrument of social engineering and control and a totem of individual experience and cultural creativity. The result is an innovative and fascinating account of the Soviet experiment." Daniel Beer, Royal Holloway, University of London

"For Soviet citizens, the passport was a crucial possession that both enabled and restricted them. Albert Baiburin's exhaustive and lively account, fluently translated by Stephen Dalziel, shows why passports were so central to the maintenance of the party dictatorship." Robert Service, University of Oxford

"significantly advances our understanding of a crucial institution of Soviet governance." H-Soz-Kult

"scintillating, panoramic history-cum-ethnography of the Soviet passport. Filled with surprising insights and details, it now appears in Stephen Dalziel's superb and lavishly illustrated translation." Times Literary Supplement

"thoughtful, deeply researched and fluently translated." History Today

"The Soviet Passport is essential for historians, anthropologists, political scientists and sociologists. . . . This is a fascinating topic and well handled." Eurasian Geography and Economics

"[ A] well-researched resource. . . . Baiburin's Soviet Passport is ample illustration of the common Soviet phrase, still used today, 'Bez bumazhkity bukashka, as bumazhkoichelovek' (Without a piece of paper, you're an insect; with a piece of paper, you're a human being)." Europe-Asia Studies

"...thought-provoking and engaging" Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History

"...a rich and indispensable volume, which provides a near-definitive treatment of its subject and includes fascinating passages likely to capture the imagination of any historian or anthropologist of the USSR. This is a major work of scholarship that deserves a broad readership." The Russian Review

"a work of consummate scholarship" Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute

Abbreviations vii
Figures
x
Foreword xii
Catriona Kelly
Preface xvi
Introduction 1(22)
Part I The History of the Soviet Passport System
1 The Formation of `the Passport Portrait' in Russia
23(21)
2 Fifteen Passport-less Years
44(13)
3 The Introduction of the Passport System in the USSR (1932-1936)
57(37)
General Situation
57(3)
The Official Version of the Introduction of Passports
60(3)
Organizational Work
63(9)
Issuing Passports
72(8)
`Legal Excesses'
80(6)
The Second Phase of the Introduction of Passports
86(5)
The Consequences of the Introduction of Passports
91(3)
4 Passport Regimes and Passport Reforms
94(45)
Passport Regimes
94(6)
The Hundred-and-First Kilometre
100(5)
The Propiska
105(5)
Registering `Natural Population Changes'
110(4)
Maintaining the Passport Regime
114(5)
Statutes on Passports and Instructions for Passport Work in 1940 and 1953
119(2)
Reform Projects of the 1960s
121(6)
The 1974 Statute
127(2)
From the Soviet to the Russian Passport System
129(10)
Part II The Passport as a Bureaucratic Device
5 The Passport Template and the Individual's Basic Information
139(46)
The Passport Template
139(10)
`Surname, Name, Patronymic'
149(5)
`Place and Date of Birth'
154(3)
`Ethnic Origin'
157(10)
`The Personal Signature'
167(5)
`Social Status'
172(9)
`Liability for Military Service'
181(4)
6 The Observations and Properties of the Passport
185(24)
`Who Issued the Passport'
185(1)
`On the Basis of Which Documents is the Passport Issued'
186(4)
`People Listed in the Holder's Passport'
190(2)
The Photograph
192(4)
Special Observations
196(4)
Observations about the Propiska
200(9)
Part III What the Passport was in Practice: The Evidence in Documents and Memoirs
7 Receiving a Passport
209(69)
The Right to a Passport
209(8)
Defining Ethnicity
217(19)
Taking the Passport Photograph
236(9)
How Do I Sign?
245(9)
The Passport Desk and the Pasportistka
254(7)
Receiving the Passport
261(17)
8 Life With - and Without - the Passport
278(68)
Look After It; Should You Carry It With You?
278(4)
The Document Check
282(7)
Changing One's Name
289(25)
A `Clean' Passport
314(6)
Marriages of Convenience
320(4)
Lost! What it Meant to be Without Your Passport
324(6)
Refusing to Have a Passport
330(7)
`The Most Important Document' and Why it was Needed
337(9)
Conclusion 346(8)
Appendix: Interview Details 354(5)
Glossary 359(3)
Notes 362(54)
Bibliography 416(19)
Index 435
Albert Baiburin is Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the European University at St Petersburg
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