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Special and General Relativity: With Applications to White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars and Black Holes 2007 ed. [Kietas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Hardback, 228 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 535 g, 50 Illustrations, black and white; XII, 228 p. 50 illus., 1 Hardback
  • Serija: Astronomy and Astrophysics Library
  • Išleidimo metai: 20-Apr-2007
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 0387471065
  • ISBN-13: 9780387471068
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Special and General Relativity: With Applications to White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars and Black Holes 2007 ed.Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 228 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 535 g, 50 Illustrations, black and white; XII, 228 p. 50 illus., 1 Hardback
  • Serija: Astronomy and Astrophysics Library
  • Išleidimo metai: 20-Apr-2007
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 0387471065
  • ISBN-13: 9780387471068
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780387471068.html
Raktažodžiai:
Special and General Relativity are concisely developed together with essential aspects of nuclear and particle physics. Problem sets are provided for many chapters, making the book ideal for a course on the physics of white dwarf and neutron star interiors. Norman K. Glendenning is Senior Scientist Emeritus at the Nuclear Science Division, Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the author of numerous books.

Recenzijos

From the reviews:









"The text is presented in a very pedagogical way, allowing beginners to appreciate the quality of the book. This book is very well written and easy to follow and doesnt need a huge background on astrophysics. I recommend this book for teachers as well as students and everyone who is interested in star physics." (Térence Delsate, Physicalia, Vol. 30 (2), 2008)



"This short and well written book provides a clear introduction with notable insight into the complex astrophysical subject represented by the theoretical study of the structure and composition of compact stars. this book also be a useful reference for astrophysical concepts and results, and makes it altogether advisable for upper-undergraduate and graduate level students in astrophysics ." (Giovanni Preti, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2009 b)

Preface vii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Compact Stars
2
1.2 Compact Stars and Relativistic Physics
5
1.3 Compact Stars and Dense-Matter Physics
6
2 Special Relativity 9
2.1 Lorentz Invariance
11
2.1.1 Lorentz transformations
11
2.1.2 Time Dilation
14
2.1.3 Covariant vectors
14
2.1.4 Energy and Momentum
16
2.1.5 Energy-momentum tensor of a perfect fluid
17
2.1.6 Light cone
18
3 General Relativity 19
3.1 Scalars, Vectors, and Tensors in Curvilinear Coordinates
20
3.1.1 Photon in a gravitational field
28
3.1.2 Tidal gravity
29
3.1.3 Curvature of spacetime
30
3.1.4 Energy conservation and curvature
30
3.2 Gravity
32
3.2.1 Einstein's Discovery
32
3.2.2 Particle Motion in an Arbitrary Gravitational Field
32
3.2.3 Mathematical definition of local Lorentz frames
35
3.2.4 Geodesics
36
3.2.5 Comparison with Newton's gravity
38
3.3 Covariance
39
3.3.1 Principle of general covariance
39
3.3.2 Covariant differentiation
40
3.3.3 Geodesic equation from covariance principle
41
3.3.4 Covariant divergence and conserved quantities
42
3.4 Riemann Curvature Tensor
45
3.4.1 Second covariant derivative of scalars and vectors
45
3.4.2 Symmetries of the Riemann tensor
46
3.4.3 Test for flatness
47
3.4.4 Second covariant derivative of tensors
47
3.4.5 Bianchi identities
48
3.4.6 Einstein tensor
48
3.5 Einstein's Field Equations
50
3.6 Relativistic Stars
52
3.6.1 Metric in static isotropic spacetime
53
3.6.2 The Schwarzschild solution
54
3.6.3 Riemann tensor outside a Schwarzschild star
55
3.6.4 Energy-Momentum tensor of matter
56
3.6.5 The Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations
57
3.6.6 Gravitational collapse and limiting mass
62
3.7 Action Principle in Gravity
63
3.7.1 Derivations
65
3.8 Problems for
Chapter 3
68
4 Compact Stars: From Dwarfs to Black Holes 70
4.1 Birth and Death of Stars
70
4.2 Aim of this
Chapter
78
4.3 Gravitational Units and Neutron Star Size
79
4.3.1 Units
79
4.3.2 Size and number of baryons in a star
82
4.3.3 Gravitational energy of a neutron star
84
4.4 Partial Decoupling of Matter from Gravity
85
4.5 Equations of Relativistic Stellar Structure
87
4.5.1 Interpretation
87
4.5.2 Boundary conditions and stellar sequences
90
4.6 Electrical Neutrality of Stars
92
4.7 "Constancy" of the Chemical Potential
93
4.8 Gravitational Redshift
95
4.8.1 Integrity of an atom in strong fields
95
4.8.2 Redshift in a general static field
96
4.8.3 Comparison of emitted and received light
100
4.8.4 Measurements of M/R from redshift
100
4.9 White Dwarfs and Neutron Stars
101
4.9.1 Overview
101
4.9.2 Fermi-Gas equation of state for nucleons and electrons
103
4.9.3 High and low–density limits
109
4.9.4 Polytropes and Newtonian white dwarfs
112
4.9.5 Nonrelativistic electron region
116
4.9.6 Ultrarelativistic electron region: asymptotic white dwarf mass
116
4.9.7 Nature of limiting mass of dwarfs and neutron stars
120
4.9.8 Degenerate ideal gas neutron star
121
4.10 Improvements in White Dwarf Models
123
4.10.1 Nature of matter at dwarf and neutron star densities
123
4.10.2 Low–density equation of state
126
4.10.3 Carbon and oxygen white dwarfs
127
4.11 Temperature and Neutron Star Surface
130
4.12 Stellar Sequences from White Dwarfs to Neutron Stars
133
4.13 Density Distribution in Neutron Stars
136
4.14 Baryon Number of a Star
137
4.15 Binding Energy of a Neutron Star
138
4.16 Star of Uniform Density
140
4.17 Scaling Solution of the OV Equations
142
4.18 Bound on Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars
144
4.19 Stability
148
4.19.1 Necessary condition for stability
149
4.19.2 Normal modes of vibration: Sufficient condition for stability
151
4.20 Beyond the Maximum-Mass Neutron Star
152
4.21 Hyperons and Quarks in Neutron Stars
155
4.22 First Order Phase Transitions in Stars
156
4.22.1 Degrees of freedom and driving forces
157
4.22.2 Isospin symmetry energy as a driving force
159
4.22.3 Geometrical phases
162
4.22.4 Color-flavor locked quark-matter phase (CFL)
162
4.23 Signal of Quark Deconfinement in Neutron Stars
165
4.24 Neutron Star Twins
171
4.24.1 Particle populations in twins
173
4.24.2 Test for stability
174
4.24.3 Formation and detection
175
4.25 Black Holes
176
4.25.1 Interior and exterior regions
176
4.25.2 No statics within
179
4.25.3 Black hole densities
182
4.25.4 Black Hole Evaporation
182
4.25.5 Kerr Metric for Rotating Black Hole
183
4.26 Problems for
Chapter 4
184
5 Cosmology 187
5.1 Foreword
187
5.2 Units and Data
188
5.3 World Lines and Weyl's Hypothesis
188
5.4 Metric for a uniform isotropic universe
189
5.5 Friedmann Lemaitre Equations
190
5.6 Temperature Variation with Expansion
192
5.7 Expansion in the Three Ages
192
5.8 Redshift
194
5.9 Hubble constant and Universe age
194
5.10 Evolution of the Early Universe
195
5.11 Temperature and Density of the Early Universe
196
5.12 Derivation of the Planck Scale
197
5.13 Time-scale of Neutrino Interactions
198
5.14 Neutrino Reaction Time-scale Becomes Longer than the Age of the Universe
198
5.15 Ionization of Hydrogen
199
5.16 Present Photon and Baryon Densities
199
5.17 Expansion Since Equality of Radiation and Mass
200
5.18 Helium Abundance
201
5.19 Helium Abundance is Primeval
201
5.20 Redshift and Scale Factor Relationship
201
5.21 Collapse Time of a Dust Cloud
202
5.22 Jeans Mass
203
5.23 Jeans Mass in the Radiation Era
203
5.24 Jeans Mass in the Matter Era
204
5.25 Early Matter Dominated Universe
205
5.26 Curvature
206
5.27 Acceleration
207
References 209
Index 217


Norman K. Glendenning is Senior Scientist Emeritus at the Nuclear Science Division, Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the author of numerous books, including Compact Stars (Springer, 2nd ed., 2000), Physics of Neutron Star Interiors (Springer, 2001) and Direct Nuclear Reactions (Academic Press, 1983).