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El. knyga: Spoken Word Production and Its Breakdown In Aphasia

(Macquarie University, Australia)
  • Formatas: 240 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Jun-2014
  • Leidėjas: Psychology Press Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781317775102
  • Formatas: 240 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Jun-2014
  • Leidėjas: Psychology Press Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781317775102

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This volume combines in-depth reviews of models of spoken word production and cognitive neuropsychological disorders of spoken word production. The first section provides a detailed discussion of the development and structure of current models of language production using data form "normal" subjects. It is these models that form the basis of the study and therefore the text attempts to explain their processing mechanisms and assumptions clearly. The evidence used for the development of these models is described including experimental studies and observation of patterns in naturally occurring speech errors.; The second section focuses on studies of aphasic naming disorders and discusses these disorders in terms of the model described in the first section. The emphasis is on single case studies. These are reviewed in three chapters examining semantic errors and disorders, the range of symptoms attributed to disorders of lexical retriveal and deficits of phonological encoding. The text assumes that the reader has some familiarity with the linguistic and psychological terminology relevant to these areas and therefore is most suited to the graduate student or researcher/lecturer.
Acknowledgements vii
Preface viii
PART ONE Models of spoken word production
1(96)
Introduction
3(2)
1 Lexical representation and access
5(40)
Overview
5(2)
Words or Morphemes?
7(2)
Lexemes and Lemmas
9(3)
Kempen and Huijbers
9(2)
Morton's logogen model
11(1)
The hypernym problem
12(3)
Nondecompositional theories
14(1)
Speech errors as evidence
15(2)
"Tip-of-the-tongue" states
17(4)
Two stages of lexical retrieval
21(3)
Butterworth's semantic lexicon model
21(3)
Interactive activation: Levels but not stages
24(5)
The time course of lexical access
29(8)
Pauses
29(1)
Utterance initiation times
30(3)
Lexical decision latency
33(2)
Global modularity with local interaction
35(2)
One lexicon or two?
37(2)
Variables affecting lexical access
39(3)
Summary
42(3)
2 Phonological encoding: Slots and fillers
45(28)
Overview
45(1)
Phonological error classification
46(1)
Constraints on error production
47(6)
Summary of Shattuck-Hufnagel's phonological encoding model
53(7)
Error generation
53(2)
The role of the syllable
55(3)
An amended scan-copier model
58(2)
The time course of phonological encoding within a word
60(2)
Interactive activation accounts of phonological encoding
62(9)
Built-in features of Dell's model
65(2)
Predictions arising from Dell's model
67(2)
Stemberger's (1985) model and more on lexical bias
69(2)
Summary
71(2)
3 More phonological encoding: Motor control and monitoring
73(24)
Overview
73(1)
Modified slot-and-filler approaches
74(5)
Levelt (1989, 1992)
74(3)
Butterworth (1992)
77(2)
The logogen model and phonological encoding
79(4)
The role of the response buffer
79(4)
Articulatory buffering
83(3)
Speech motor programming
86(3)
Monitoring and feedback
89(3)
Summary
92(5)
PART TWO The breakdown of spoken word production in aphasia
97(102)
Introduction
99(1)
General factors affecting aphasic naming
100(7)
Word frequency
100(2)
Familiarity
102(1)
Age of acquisition
102(1)
Imageability and concreteness
103(1)
Operativity
104(1)
Animacy
105(1)
Word length
106(1)
Summary
106(1)
Levels of breakdown in aphasic naming
107(2)
4 Semantic deficits and semantic errors
109(24)
Overview
109(1)
"Semantic" anomia: JCU (Howard & Orchard-Lisle, 1984)
110(2)
Disorders of semantic memory
112(2)
Where do semantic errors come from?
114(15)
The relationship between semantic errors in comprehension and production
114(1)
"Output" semantic errors
115(1)
Factors affecting the production of semantic errors
116(2)
Subdivisions of semantic errors
118(3)
More on theoretical accounts of the production of semantic errors
121(8)
Summary
129(4)
5 Deficits of lexical retrieval
133(30)
Overview
133(1)
Abstract word anomia: DRB
134(2)
Category-specific anomia
136(4)
Fruit and vegetables
136(1)
Proper names
137(3)
Nouns and verbs
140(1)
Formal paraphasias: RB, NC, and MF
140(5)
Jargon homophones or formal paraphasias?
141(2)
Accounts for formal paraphasias
143(2)
"Reverse" length effects: CGJ
145(2)
"Phonological" anomia: EST
147(4)
Frequency effects
149(1)
Error types
149(1)
Other accounts of EST's deficits
150(1)
Neologistic jargon aphasia: KC and RD
151(8)
Defining "neologisms"
151(2)
KC (Butterworth, 1979) and the "neologism generating device"
153(3)
RD (Ellis et al., 1983)
156(3)
Effects of phonemic cues
159(1)
Loss of stored lexical representations?
160(1)
Summary
161(2)
6 Phonological errors: Deficits of phonological encoding and beyond
163(36)
Overview
163(1)
Lexical access, lexical storage, and phonological encoding
164(5)
Conduction aphasia
169(3)
"Repetition" versus "reproduction" conduction aphasia
169(1)
Accounts of reproduction conduction aphasia
170(2)
Phonological errors and comprehension
172(3)
Inner speech and error detection
175(3)
Characteristics of phonological errors
178(5)
Context and syllable position
179(2)
Substitutions/omissions/additions
181(1)
Conduite d'approche
181(2)
Variables affecting the production of phonological errors
183(8)
Word length
183(3)
Complexity of syllabic structure
186(2)
Lexical stress
188(1)
Phoneme and syllable frequency
189(1)
Markedness
189(2)
Subtle phonetic deficit in fluent aphasia
191(1)
Broca's aphasia and apraxia of speech
192(5)
Summary
197(2)
Postscript 199(2)
References 201(21)
Author index 222(5)
Subject index 227
Nickels, Lyndsey