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ix | |
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x | |
Preface |
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xv | |
Acknowledgements |
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xviii | |
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1 Scope Of Structural Geology |
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3 | (22) |
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1.1 Deformation of Earth's Lithosphere and Asthenosphere |
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4 | (5) |
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1.2 Styles of Deformation |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (3) |
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1.4 Methodology of Structural Geology |
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13 | (6) |
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1.5 Applications and Careers |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 1: A Tutorial |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (4) |
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25 | (45) |
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2.1 Characteristics of Scalar, Vector, and Tensor Quantities |
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25 | (5) |
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2.2 Algebraic Representation of Vectors |
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30 | (4) |
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2.3 Mapping Geologic Structures with Vectors |
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34 | (6) |
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2.4 Geologic Structures Represented by Vector Functions |
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40 | (3) |
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43 | (10) |
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53 | (9) |
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2.7 Coordinate Rotation for Points, Vectors, and Tensors |
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62 | (3) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 2: Mathematical Tools |
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67 | (1) |
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67 | (3) |
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70 | (35) |
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70 | (3) |
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3.2 Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figures |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (5) |
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79 | (6) |
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85 | (4) |
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3.6 Conservation of Linear Momentum |
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89 | (4) |
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3.7 Conservation of Angular Momentum |
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93 | (2) |
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3.8 Conservation of Energy |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 3: Physical Concepts |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (6) |
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4 Elastic-Brittle Deformation |
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105 | (39) |
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4.1 Hookean Elastic Solid |
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105 | (2) |
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4.2 Elastic Deformation of Earth's Lithosphere |
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107 | (1) |
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4.3 Brittle Deformation at the Outcrop and Grain Scales |
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107 | (2) |
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4.4 Elastic-Brittle Deformation in the Laboratory |
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109 | (5) |
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4.5 Field Estimates of Rock Stiffness at the Kilometer Scale |
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114 | (2) |
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4.6 Three-Dimensional Stress States |
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116 | (2) |
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4.7 Elastic-Brittle Deformation under Axisymmetric Loading |
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118 | (6) |
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4.8 The State of Stress During Opening and Shear Fracture |
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124 | (4) |
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4.9 Displacement and Strain Fields During Brittle Deformation |
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128 | (6) |
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4.10 Constitutive Equations for the Linear Elastic Solid |
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134 | (1) |
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4.11 Equations of Motion for the Elastic Solid |
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135 | (4) |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (2) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 4: Elastic Brittle Deformation |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (2) |
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5 Elastic-Ductile Deformation |
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144 | (40) |
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5.1 Idealized Plastic Solids |
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144 | (2) |
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5.2 Elastic-Ductile Deformation at the Outcrop Scale |
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146 | (1) |
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5.3 Elastic-Ductile Deformation at the Crustal Scale |
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146 | (2) |
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5.4 Elastic-Ductile Deformation in the Laboratory |
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148 | (6) |
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5.5 Deformation and Strain for the Ductile Solid |
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154 | (9) |
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5.6 Mechanisms of Ductile Deformation |
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163 | (9) |
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5.7 Constitutive Equations for Elastic-Ductile Deformation |
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172 | (3) |
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5.8 Equations of Motion for Rigid Plastic Deformation |
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175 | (4) |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 5: Elastic Ductile Deformation |
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181 | (1) |
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181 | (3) |
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6 Elastic-Viscous Deformation |
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184 | (39) |
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6.1 Viscous and Viscoelastic Liquids |
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184 | (3) |
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6.2 Viscous Deformation at the Outcrop Scale |
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187 | (1) |
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6.3 Viscous Deformation at the Crustal Scale |
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188 | (2) |
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6.4 Viscous Deformation in the Laboratory |
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190 | (7) |
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6.5 Field Estimates of Lava Viscosity |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (5) |
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6.7 Constitutive Equations for Linear Viscous Materials |
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203 | (3) |
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6.8 Equations of Motion for Linear Viscous Materials |
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206 | (8) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (2) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 6: Elastic Viscous Deformation |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (6) |
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223 | (35) |
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7.1 Descriptions of Joints, Veins, and Dikes |
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223 | (7) |
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7.2 A Canonical Model for Opening Fractures |
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230 | (13) |
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7.3 Fracture Modes and the Near-tip Fields |
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243 | (6) |
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7.4 Fracture Initiation and Propagation |
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249 | (4) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (2) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 7: Fractures |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (2) |
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258 | (43) |
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258 | (2) |
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8.2 Descriptions of Faults at the Outcrop Scale |
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260 | (9) |
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8.3 Descriptions of Faults at the Crustal Scale |
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269 | (10) |
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8.4 A Canonical Model for Faulting |
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279 | (8) |
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8.5 Kinematics of Faulting and Associated Deformation |
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287 | (5) |
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292 | (4) |
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296 | (1) |
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297 | (1) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 8: Faults |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (2) |
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301 | (45) |
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301 | (3) |
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9.2 Descriptions of Folds at the Outcrop Scale |
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304 | (3) |
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9.3 Quantifying Fold Profiles using Curvature |
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307 | (3) |
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9.4 Descriptions of Folds in Three Dimensions at the Crustal Scale |
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310 | (3) |
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9.5 Quantifying Folds in Three Dimensions using Curvature |
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313 | (9) |
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9.6 A Canonical Model for Bending |
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322 | (9) |
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9.7 A Canonical Model for Buckling |
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331 | (8) |
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9.8 Fault-Cored Anticlines |
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339 | (2) |
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341 | (1) |
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342 | (2) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 9: Folds |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (2) |
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346 | (33) |
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10.1 Descriptions of Rock Fabrics from Outcrop to Thin Section |
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346 | (3) |
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10.2 Descriptions of Rock Fabrics in Sedimentary and Igneous Rock |
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349 | (12) |
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10.3 Kinematics of Ductile Deformation |
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361 | (4) |
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10.4 A Canonical Model for a Viscous Shear Zone |
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365 | (2) |
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10.5 Relating Fabric to Plastic Deformation at Fault Steps |
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367 | (6) |
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373 | (2) |
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375 | (1) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 10: Fabrics |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (3) |
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379 | (42) |
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379 | (15) |
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394 | (6) |
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400 | (3) |
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403 | (5) |
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408 | (2) |
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11.6 A Canonical Model for a Rising Diapir |
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410 | (5) |
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415 | (2) |
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417 | (1) |
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MATLAB Exercises for Chapter 11: Intrusions |
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418 | (1) |
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418 | (3) |
References |
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421 | (7) |
Index |
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428 | |