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Student's Guide Through the Great Physics Texts: Volume I: The Heavens and The Earth Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2015 [Minkštas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 396 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 869 g, 11 Illustrations, color; 68 Illustrations, black and white; XXVII, 396 p. 79 illus., 11 illus. in color., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Serija: Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Sep-2016
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 1493952706
  • ISBN-13: 9781493952700
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Student's Guide Through the Great Physics Texts: Volume I: The Heavens and The Earth Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2015Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 396 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 869 g, 11 Illustrations, color; 68 Illustrations, black and white; XXVII, 396 p. 79 illus., 11 illus. in color., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Serija: Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Sep-2016
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 1493952706
  • ISBN-13: 9781493952700
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781493952700.html
Raktažodžiai:
This book provides a chronological introduction to the sciences of astronomy and cosmology based on the reading and analysis of significant selections from classic texts, such as Ptolemys The Almagest, Keplers Epitome of Copernican Astronomy, Shapleys Galaxies and Lemaītres The Primeval Atom.

Each chapter begins with a short introduction followed by a reading selection. Carefully crafted study questions draw out key points in the text and focus the readers attention on the authors methods, analysis, and conclusions. Numerical and observational exercises at the end of each chapter test the readers ability to understand and apply key concepts from the text.

The Heavens and the Earth is the first of four volumes in A Students Guide Through the Great Physics Texts. This book grew out of a four-semester undergraduate physics curriculum designed to encourage a critical and circumspect approach to natural science, while at the same time preparing students for advanced coursework in physics.

This book is particularly suitable as a college-level textbook for students of the natural sciences, history or philosophy. It also serves as a textbook for advanced high-school students, or as a thematically-organized source-book for scholars and motivated lay-readers. In studying the classic scientific texts included herein, the reader will be drawn toward a lifetime of contemplation.

Recenzijos

Kuehn (Wisconsin Lutheran College) attempts to cover the gamut of knowledge discerned by astronomers and physicists over many centuries, ranging from the distant skies to the atom. Kuehn then elaborates on crucial questions and provides students with exercises and a few experimental/observational activities. Copious notes, good references, diagrams and illustrations. Summing Up: Recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates and researchers/faculty. (N. Sadanand, Choice, Vol. 52 (9), May, 2015)

1 Nature, Number and Substance
1(8)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Reading: Aristotle, On the Heavens
2(5)
1.2.1
Chapter 1
2(1)
1.2.2
Chapter 2
3(2)
1.2.3
Chapter 3
5(2)
1.3 Study Questions
7(1)
1.4 Exercises
8(1)
1.5 Vocabulary
8(1)
2 The Shape and Motion of the Heavens
9(8)
2.1 Introduction
9(1)
2.2 Reading: Aristotle, On the Heavens
10(4)
2.2.1
Chapter 4
10(2)
2.2.2
Chapter 5
12(1)
2.2.3
Chapter 6
13(1)
2.3 Study Questions
14(1)
2.4 Exercises
15(1)
2.5 Vocabulary
15(2)
3 Harmony and Complexity
17(10)
3.1 Introduction
17(1)
3.2 Reading: Aristotle, On the Heavens
17(7)
3.2.1
Chapter 7
17(1)
3.2.2
Chapter 8
18(2)
3.2.3
Chapter 9
20(1)
3.2.4
Chapter 10
21(1)
3.2.5
Chapter 11
21(1)
3.2.6
Chapter 12
22(2)
3.3 Study Questions
24(1)
3.4 Exercises
25(1)
3.5 Vocabulary
25(2)
4 Earth at the Center of the World
27(14)
4.1 Introduction
27(3)
4.2 Reading: Aristotle, On the Heavens
30(7)
4.2.1
Chapter 13
30(5)
4.2.2
Chapter 14
35(2)
4.3 Study Questions
37(1)
4.4 Exercises
38(1)
4.5 Vocabulary
39(2)
5 The World of Ptolemy
41(20)
5.1 Introduction
41(1)
5.2 Reading: Ptolemy, The Almagest
42(11)
5.2.1
Chapter 1: Preface
42(2)
5.2.2
Chapter 2: On the Order of the Theorems
44(1)
5.2.3
Chapter 3: That the Heaven Moves as a Sphere
44(2)
5.2.4
Chapter 4: The Earth Too is Generally Spherical to Perception
46(1)
5.2.5
Chapter 5: The Earth Is in the Middle of the Heaven
47(2)
5.2.6
Chapter 6: The Earth Has the Ratio of a Point to the Heavenly Things
49(1)
5.2.7
Chapter 7: The Earth Does not Make any Motion from One Place to Another
49(2)
5.2.8
Chapter 8: There Are Two Different Primary Motions in the Heaven
51(2)
5.2.9
Chapter 9: On the Individual Concepts
53(1)
5.3 Study Questions
53(2)
5.4 Exercises
55(5)
5.5 Vocabulary
60(1)
6 Measuring the Tropical Year
61(12)
6.1 Introduction
61(1)
6.2 Reading: Ptolemy, The Almagest
62(7)
6.2.1 Preface
62(1)
6.2.2
Chapter 1: On the Size of the Time of a Year
62(7)
6.3 Study Questions
69(1)
6.4 Exercises
70(2)
6.5 Vocabulary
72(1)
7 Geometrical Tools
73(12)
7.1 Introduction
73(2)
7.2 Reading: Ptolemy, The Almagest
75(5)
7.2.1 Book I,
Chapter 12: On the Arc Between the Solstices
75(2)
7.2.2 Book V,
Chapter 1: On the Construction of an Astrolabe Instrument
77(3)
7.3 Study Questions
80(1)
7.4 Exercises
81(2)
7.5 Vocabulary
83(2)
8 The Sun, the Moon and the Calendar
85(16)
8.1 Introduction
85(1)
8.2 Reading: Bede, The Reckoning of Time
86(12)
8.2.1
Chapter 16: The Signs of the Twelve Months
86(3)
8.2.2
Chapter 17: The Course of the Moon Through the Signs
89(1)
8.2.3
Chapter 25: When and Why the Moon Appears to be Facing Upwards, Facing Downwards, or Standing Upright
90(3)
8.2.4
Chapter 29: The Harmony of the Moon and the Sea
93(3)
8.2.5
Chapter 30: Equinoxes and Solstices
96(2)
8.3 Study Questions
98(1)
8.4 Exercises
99(1)
8.5 Vocabulary
100(1)
9 From Astronomy to Cartography
101(16)
9.1 Introduction
101(1)
9.2 Reading: Waldseemuller, Introduction to Cosmography
102(10)
9.2.1 Preface: To His Majesty Maximillian Caesar Augustus Martinus Ilacomilus Wishes Good Fortune
102(1)
9.2.2 Order of Treatment
103(1)
9.2.3
Chapter I: Of the Principles of Geometry Necessary to an Understanding of the Sphere
104(1)
9.2.4
Chapter II: Sphere, Axis, Poles, etc., Accurately Defined
104(2)
9.2.5
Chapter III: Of the Circles of the Heavens
106(2)
9.2.6
Chapter IV: Of a Certain Theory of the Sphere According to the System of Degrees
108(1)
9.2.7
Chapter V: Of the Five Celestial Zones and the Application of These and of the Degrees of the Heavens to the Earth
109(3)
9.2.8
Chapter VI: Of Parallels
112(1)
9.3 Study Questions
112(2)
9.4 Exercises
114(2)
9.5 Vocabulary
116(1)
10 Climates and Continents
117(12)
10.1 Introduction
117(1)
10.2 Reading: Waldseemuller, Introduction to Cosmography
117(10)
10.2.1
Chapter VII: Of Climates
117(2)
10.2.2
Chapter VIII: Of the Winds
119(3)
10.2.3
Chapter IX: Of Certain Elements of Cosmography
122(4)
10.2.4 Appendix
126(1)
10.3 Study Questions
127(1)
10.4 Exercises
127(1)
10.5 Vocabulary
128(1)
11 Heliocentrism: Hypothesis or Truth?
129(14)
11.1 Introduction
129(1)
11.2 Reading: Copernicus, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
130(10)
11.2.1 Introduction: To the Reader Concerning the Hypotheses of this Work
130(1)
11.2.2 Preface and Dedication: To Pope Paul III
131(4)
11.2.3 Book I: Introduction
135(2)
11.2.4
Chapter 1: The World is Spherical
137(1)
11.2.5
Chapter 2: The Earth is Spherical too
137(1)
11.2.6
Chapter 3: How Land and Water Make up a Single Globe
138(1)
11.2.7
Chapter 4: The Movement of the Celestial Bodies is Regular, Circular, and Everlasting---or Else Compounded of Circular Movements
139(1)
11.3 Study Questions
140(1)
11.4 Exercises
141(1)
11.5 Vocabulary
142(1)
12 Earth as a Wandering Star
143(10)
12.1 Introduction
143(1)
12.2 Reading: Copernicus, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
143(8)
12.2.1
Chapter 5: Does the Earth Have a Circular Movement? And of its Place
144(1)
12.2.2
Chapter 6: On the Immensity of the Heavens in Relation to the Magnitude of the Earth
145(2)
12.2.3
Chapter 7: Why the Ancients Thought the Earth Was at Rest at the Middle of the World as Its Centre
147(1)
12.2.4
Chapter 8: Answer to the Aforesaid Reasons and Their Inadequacy
148(2)
12.2.5
Chapter 9: Whether Many Movements Can be Attributed to the Earth, and Concerning the Centre of the World
150(1)
12.3 Study Questions
151(1)
12.4 Exercises
152(1)
12.5 Vocabulary
152(1)
13 Re-ordering the Heavenly Spheres
153(20)
13.1 Introduction
153(1)
13.2 Reading: Copernicus, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
154(14)
13.2.1
Chapter 10: On the Order of the Celestial Orbital Circles
154(11)
13.2.2
Chapter 11: A Demonstration of the Threefold Movement of the Earth
165(3)
13.3 Study Questions
168(1)
13.4 Exercises
169(3)
13.5 Vocabulary
172(1)
14 Celestial Physics
173(12)
14.1 Introduction
173(1)
14.2 Reading: Kepler, Epitome of Copernican Astronomy
174(9)
14.2.1 To the Reader
174(6)
14.2.2 First Book on the Doctrine of the Schemata: On the Position, Order, and Movement of the Parts of the World; or, on the System of the World
180(3)
14.3 Study Guide
183(1)
14.4 Exercises
183(1)
14.5 Vocabulary
184(1)
15 Broken Spheres
185(16)
15.1 Introduction
185(1)
15.2 Reading: Kepler, Epitome of Copernican Astronomy
186(11)
15.2.1
Chapter 1: On the Principal Parts of the World
186(4)
15.2.2
Chapter 2: On the Place of the Sun at the Centre of the World
190(3)
15.2.3
Chapter 3: On the Order of the Movable Spheres
193(4)
15.3 Study Questions
197(1)
15.4 Exercises
198(2)
15.5 Vocabulary
200(1)
16 Kepler's Third Law
201(14)
16.1 Introduction
201(1)
16.2 Reading: Kepler, Epitome of Copernican Astronomy
201(10)
16.2.1
Chapter 1: How Many and of What Sort are the Movements?
202(1)
16.2.2
Chapter 2: Concerning the Causes of the Movement of the Planets
203(8)
16.2.3
Chapter 3: On the Revolution of the Solar Body Around its Axis and its Effect in the Movement of the Planets
211(1)
16.3 Study Questions
211(1)
16.4 Exercises
212(1)
16.5 Vocabulary
213(2)
17 Kepler's First and Second Laws
215(12)
17.1 Introduction
215(1)
17.2 Reading: Kepler, Epitome of Copernican Astronomy
216(7)
17.2.1 Introduction
216(1)
17.2.2
Chapter 1: The Causes of the True Irregularities
217(4)
17.2.3
Chapter 2: On the Causes of Irregularity in Longitude
221(2)
17.3 Study Questions
223(1)
17.4 Exercises
223(2)
17.5 Vocabulary
225(2)
18 Mountains on the Moon
227(22)
18.1 Introduction
227(1)
18.2 Reading: Galileo, The Sidereal Messenger
228(15)
18.2.1 To the Most Serene Cosimo II de' Medici, Fourth Grand Duke of Tuscany
228(2)
18.2.2 Astronomical Message Containing and Explaining Observations Lately Made with the Aid of a New Spyglass Regarding the Moon's Surface, the Milky Way, Nebulous Stars, an Innumerable Multitude of Fixed Stars, and Also Regarding Four Planets Never Before Seen, Which Have Been Named Medicean Stars
230(13)
18.3 Study Questions
243(1)
18.4 Exercises
243(4)
18.5 Vocabulary
247(2)
19 The Medician Stars
249(10)
19.1 Introduction
249(1)
19.2 Reading: Galileo, The Sidereal Messenger
249(7)
19.2.1 The Sidereal Messenger (continued)
249(7)
19.3 Study Questions
256(1)
19.4 Exercises
257(1)
19.5 Vocabulary
258(1)
20 The Luminosity of Variable Stars
259(6)
20.1 Introduction
259(1)
20.2 Reading: Leavitt, Periods of 25 variable stars in the small magellanic cloud
260(3)
20.2.1 Periods of 25 Variable Stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud
260(3)
20.3 Study Questions
263(1)
20.4 Exercises
264(1)
20.5 Vocabulary
264(1)
21 Galactic Spectra
265(8)
21.1 Introduction
265(1)
21.2 Reading: Slipher, Nebulae
265(5)
21.2.1 Nebulae
265(5)
21.3 Study Questions
270(1)
21.4 Exercises
271(1)
21.5 Vocabulary
272(1)
22 Measuring Astronomical Distances
273(12)
22.1 Introduction
273(1)
22.2 Reading: Shapley, Galaxies
273(8)
22.2.1 The Astronomical Toolhouse
273(1)
22.2.2 The Abundance of Cepheid Variables
274(2)
22.2.3 The Period-Luminosity Relation and the Light Curves of Cepheids
276(5)
22.3 Study Questions
281(1)
22.4 Exercises
282(1)
22.5 Vocabulary
283(2)
23 A New Theory of Gravity
285(16)
23.1 Introduction
285(1)
23.2 Reading: Einstein, Relativity
286(11)
23.2.1 XVIII: Special and General Principle of Relativity
286(2)
23.2.2 XIX: The Gravitational Field
288(2)
23.2.3 XX: The Equality of Inertial and Gravitational Mass as an Argument for the General Postulate of Relativity
290(2)
23.2.4 XXI: In what Respects are the Foundations of Classical Mechanics and of the Special Theory of Relativity Unsatisfactory?
292(1)
23.2.5 XXII: A Few Inferences from the General Principle of Relativity
293(2)
23.2.6 XXIII: Behaviour of Clocks and Measuring-Rods on a Rotating Body of Reference
295(2)
23.3 Study Questions
297(1)
23.4 Exercises
298(1)
23.5 Vocabulary
299(2)
24 Euclid, Gauss and Mercury's Orbit
301(14)
24.1 Introduction
301(1)
24.2 Reading: Einstein, Relativity
302(10)
24.2.1 XXIV: Euclidean and non-Euclidean Continuum
302(1)
24.2.2 XXV: Gaussian Co-ordinates
303(3)
24.2.3 XXVI: The Space-time Continuum of the Special Theory of Relativity Considered as a Euclidean Continuum
306(1)
24.2.4 XXVII: The Space-time Continuum of the General Theory of Relativity is not a Euclidean Continuum
307(1)
24.2.5 XXVIII: Exact Formulation of the General Principle of Relativity
308(1)
24.2.6 XXIX: The Solution of the Problem of Gravitation on the Basis of the General Principle of Relativity
309(3)
24.3 Study Questions
312(1)
24.4 Exercises
313(1)
24.5 Vocabulary
313(2)
25 A Finite Universe with No Boundary
315(6)
25.1 Introduction
315(1)
25.2 Reading: Einstein, Relativity
315(5)
25.2.1 XXX: Cosmological Difficulties of Newton's Theory
315(1)
25.2.2 XXXI: The Possibility of a "finite" and yet "unbounded" Universe
316(3)
25.2.3 XXXII: The Structure of Space According to the General Theory of Relativity
319(1)
25.3 Study Questions
320(1)
25.4 Vocabulary
320(1)
26 The Structure of the Universe
321(14)
26.1 Introduction
321(1)
26.2 Reading: Hubble, The Realm of the Nebulae
321(12)
26.2.1 The Exploration of Space
322(2)
26.2.2 Characteristics of the Observable Region
324(1)
26.2.3 Distances of Nebulae
324(1)
26.2.4 Distribution of Nebulae
325(1)
26.2.5 Velocity--Distance Relation
326(5)
26.2.6 The Observable Region as a Sample of the Universe
331(2)
26.3 Study Questions
333(1)
26.4 Exercises
333(1)
26.5 Vocabulary
334(1)
27 Measuring the Potentially Infinite
335(20)
27.1 Introduction
335(1)
27.2 Reading: Lemaitre, The Primeval Atom
336(15)
27.2.1 Introduction
336(1)
27.2.2 Is the World Infinite?
337(2)
27.2.3 The Distance of the Stars
339(2)
27.2.4 The Border of Naught
341(1)
27.2.5 Space Which is Finite and Without Boundary
342(2)
27.2.6 Properties of Finite, Homogeneous Space, Without Boundary
344(1)
27.2.7 An Euclidean Map of Elliptical Space
344(3)
27.2.8 The Possibility of an Experimental Check on the Ellipticity of Real Space
347(1)
27.2.9 Space and Matter: Einstein's Relation
348(1)
27.2.10 The World of Nebulae
348(2)
27.2.11 Does the Size of Space Vary?
350(1)
27.3 Study Questions
351(2)
27.4 Exercises
353(1)
27.5 Vocabulary
353(2)
28 The Birth of the Big Bang
355(16)
28.1 Introduction
355(1)
28.2 Reading: Lemaitre, The Primeval Atom
355(12)
28.2.1 Introduction
355(2)
28.2.2 Buffon's Cosmogony
357(1)
28.2.3 Kant's Cosmogony
358(2)
28.2.4 Laplace's Cosmogony
360(1)
28.2.5 The Primeval Atom
361(3)
28.2.6 The Three Periods of Expansion
364(1)
28.2.7 Experimental Verifications
364(2)
28.2.8 Geometry
366(1)
28.3 Study Questions
367(2)
28.4 Exercises
369(1)
28.5 Vocabulary
369(2)
29 The Primeval Atom
371(18)
29.1 Introduction
371(1)
29.2 Reading: Lemaitre, The Primeval Atom
371(14)
29.2.1 Introduction
371(1)
29.2.2 Closed Space
372(1)
29.2.3 Elliptical Space
373(1)
29.2.4 Space of Variable Radius
374(1)
29.2.5 The Primeval Atom
374(1)
29.2.6 The Formation of Clouds
375(1)
29.2.7 Cosmic Repulsion
376(2)
29.2.8 The Universe of Friedmann
378(1)
29.2.9 Einstein's Equilibrium
379(1)
29.2.10 The Significance of Clusters of Nebulae
380(1)
29.2.11 The Findings of De Sitter
380(1)
29.2.12 The Proper Motion of Nebulae
381(1)
29.2.13 The Formation of Stars
382(1)
29.2.14 The Distribution of Densities in Nebulae
382(1)
29.2.15 Distribution of Supergiant Stars
383(1)
29.2.16 The Uniform Abundance of the Elements
384(1)
29.2.17 Cosmic Rays
384(1)
29.2.18 Conclusion
384(1)
29.3 Study Questions
385(2)
29.4 Exercises
387(1)
29.5 Vocabulary
387(2)
Bibliography 389(2)
Index 391
Kerry Kuehn is Associate Professor in the Department of Physics at Wisconsin Lutheran College. He is a member of the American Physical Society and an Advisory Council member for NASA Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium and Fidelitas (WLC Honors Program).

He has designed and taught courses including "The Heavens and the Earth," "Space, Time and Motion," "Electricity, Magnetism and Light," and "Computerized Instrumentation and Design."