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viii | |
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ix | |
Preface |
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x | |
Acknowledgements |
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xi | |
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xiii | |
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1 | (9) |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Three subfields of linguistics |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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1.4 Introduction to each of the chapters |
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4 | (1) |
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1.5 The format of the book |
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4 | (1) |
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1.6 Self-reflection and awareness of skills |
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5 | (5) |
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10 | (13) |
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10 | (1) |
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2.2 Spoken and written language |
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11 | (3) |
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14 | (2) |
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2.4 Other ways of expressing language |
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16 | (1) |
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2.5 Spoken and endangered languages |
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17 | (1) |
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2.6 The number of languages in the world |
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17 | (1) |
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2.7 Writing down spoken languages |
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18 | (2) |
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2.8 Prescriptive versus descriptive approaches to language |
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20 | (1) |
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2.9 Summary: how to define language? |
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20 | (3) |
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23 | (10) |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (2) |
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27 | (3) |
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3.4 Other types of pronunciation |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (3) |
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33 | (13) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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4.3 Dividing words into classes |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (2) |
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38 | (3) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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4.9 Particles and other word classes |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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4.11 Word classes in the languages of the world |
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43 | (3) |
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46 | (15) |
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46 | (1) |
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5.2 Different types of morphemes |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (1) |
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49 | (8) |
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5.5 Agreement in the clause |
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57 | (4) |
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61 | (10) |
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61 | (2) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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6.6 Other syntactic concepts: questions, negation, voice |
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66 | (2) |
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6.7 Complex sentences: coordination and subordination |
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68 | (3) |
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71 | (7) |
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71 | (2) |
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7.2 Synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy |
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73 | (1) |
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7.3 The logic of language: inference, proposition and presupposition |
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73 | (1) |
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7.4 Meaning and context: pragmatics |
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74 | (1) |
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7.5 Texts: coherence and cohesion |
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75 | (1) |
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7.6 The analysis of discourse |
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76 | (2) |
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8 Understanding approaches to language: theory and practice |
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78 | (7) |
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78 | (1) |
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8.2 Theories, hypotheses and gaining new insights |
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79 | (1) |
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8.3 Empirical and theoretical approaches |
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80 | (1) |
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8.4 Theoretical linguistics |
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81 | (1) |
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8.5 Descriptive linguistics |
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81 | (1) |
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8.6 Language change and prescriptive grammar |
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82 | (1) |
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8.7 Critical thinking and evaluation of research |
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83 | (2) |
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9 Research methods: collecting, analysing and presenting data |
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85 | (14) |
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9.1 Finding a research question |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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9.3 Methods for different problems |
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87 | (3) |
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9.4 Different types of data collection |
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90 | (4) |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (1) |
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9.8 Presentation of results and alternative analyses |
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97 | (2) |
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10 Assessment: presenting your skills |
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99 | (10) |
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10.1 Working independently |
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99 | (1) |
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10.2 Writing an essay or report |
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100 | (5) |
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10.3 Giving presentations |
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105 | (1) |
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10.4 Performing well in exams |
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106 | (1) |
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10.5 Summary: how to achieve good marks |
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107 | (2) |
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11 How to find out more about language |
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109 | (8) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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11.3 Types of academic publications |
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110 | (2) |
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11.4 How to use the information you find |
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112 | (1) |
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11.5 Understanding difficult texts |
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113 | (1) |
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11.6 Libraries and other resources at your university |
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114 | (1) |
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11.7 How to expand your range of expertise |
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114 | (3) |
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12 Careers: what to do with linguistics and how to get a job |
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117 | (10) |
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12.1 Typical careers of linguistics graduates |
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117 | (1) |
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12.2 Generic skills for careers |
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118 | (2) |
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12.3 Skills and preparation for specific careers |
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120 | (4) |
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12.4 Preparing for life after graduation |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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12.6 Preparing for a job interview |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (5) |
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13.1 Reflecting on your own language use |
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127 | (1) |
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13.2 Evaluating and challenging attitudes |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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13.4 English among the languages of the world |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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13.6 The big question: when will I know it all? |
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131 | (1) |
References |
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132 | (3) |
Glossary |
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135 | (24) |
Index of languages |
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159 | (1) |
Index |
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160 | |