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Sunlight, Vitamin D and Skin Cancer 2nd Revised edition [Kietas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Hardback, 539 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, 24 Tables, black and white; 93 Illustrations, black and white; XXV, 539 p. 93 illus., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Feb-2014
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 1493904361
  • ISBN-13: 9781493904365
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Sunlight, Vitamin D and Skin Cancer 2nd Revised editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 539 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, 24 Tables, black and white; 93 Illustrations, black and white; XXV, 539 p. 93 illus., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Feb-2014
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 1493904361
  • ISBN-13: 9781493904365
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781493904365.html
Raktažodžiai:
The goal of this volume is to comprehensively cover a highly readable, updated and extended, overview on our present knowledge of positive and negative effects of UV-exposure, with a focus on vitamin D and skin cancer. Topics that are discussed in-depth by leading researchers and clinicians range from the newest findings in endocrinology, epidemiology, histology, photobiology, immunology, cytogenetics and molecular pathology to new concepts for prophylaxis and treatment. Experts in the field as well as health care professionals not intimately involved in these specialized areas are provided with the most significant and timely information related to these topics. It is the aim of the second edition of this book to summarize essential up-to-date information for every clinician or scientist interested in how to balance between positive and negative effects of UV-exposure to minimize the risks of developing vitamin D deficiency and skin cancer.
1 Sunlight, Ultraviolet Radiation, Vitamin D And Skin Cancer: How Much Sunlight Do We Need?
1(16)
Michael F. Holick
Abstract
1(1)
Introduction: Prehistorical and Historic Perspectives
1(1)
Photoproduction of Vitamin D
2(2)
Factors Controlling Cutaneous Vitamin D Synthesis
4(3)
Sources and Metabolism of Vitamin D
7(1)
Role of Vitamin D in the Prevention of Chronic Diseases
8(1)
Vitamin D Deficiency Pandemic
8(2)
Sunlight, Vitamin D and the Skin Cancer Conundrum
10(2)
Conclusion
12(5)
2 Vitamin D And Cancer: An Overview On Epidemiological Studies
17(16)
Jose Manuel Ordonez Mena
Hermann Brenner
Abstract
17(1)
Introduction
17(1)
Vitamin D and Overall Cancer Risk
18(1)
Vitamin D and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer
19(2)
Vitamin D and the Risk of Prostate Cancer
21(1)
Vitamin D and the Risk of Breast Cancer
22(1)
Vitamin D and the Risk of Lung Cancer
23(1)
Vitamin D and the Risk of Other Digestive Tract Cancers
24(3)
Vitamin D and Rare Cancers
27(1)
Methodological Considerations
27(1)
Conclusion
28(5)
3 Vitamin D Status And Cancer Incidence And Mortality
33(19)
Irene Shui
Edward Giovannucci
Abstract
33(1)
Introduction
33(1)
Ecologic Studies of Sun Exposure
34(1)
Case-Control and Cohort Studies of Sun Exposure
34(1)
Prospective Studies of Circulating 25(OH)D, Predicted 25(OH)D and Cancer Risk
35(3)
Studies Using Predicted 25(OH)D
38(1)
Studies of Vitamin D Intake
38(1)
Randomized Trial of Vitamin D Intake
39(1)
Vitamin D and Cancer Survival Rates
40(1)
Genetic Variation and Expression in the Vitamin D Pathway and Cancer
41(3)
Conclusion and Implications for Future Research
44(8)
4 Solar Ultraviolet Irradiance And Cancer Incidence And Mortality
52(17)
William B. Grant
Abstract
Introduction
52(1)
Solar UVB of Geographic Location as the Index of Vitamin D Production: Single-Country Studies
53(3)
Occupation and Risk of Cancer
56(1)
Findings from Observational Studies Regarding UVB Irradiance
56(1)
NMSC as an Index of Vitamin D Production from UVB Irradiance
57(1)
CMM
58(1)
Causality
59(1)
Ecologic Approach Justification
59(2)
Criteria for Causality
61(1)
Strength of Association
61(1)
Consistency
61(1)
Biological Gradient
62(1)
Plausibility (Mechanisms)
62(1)
Experimental Verification
62(1)
Accounting for Confounding Factors
63(1)
Conclusion
63(6)
5 Vitamin D Receptors Polymorphisms And Cancer
69(37)
Sara Gandini
Patrizia Gnagnarella
Davide Serrano
Elena Pasquali
Sara Raimondi
Abstract
69(1)
Abbreviations
70(1)
Introduction
70(1)
Background
70(1)
Materials and Methods
71(1)
Fok1 and Cancer
72(10)
Bsm1 and Cancer
82(4)
Taq1 and Cancer
86(4)
Apa1 and Cancer
90(6)
Cdx2and Cancer
96(3)
Conclusion and Discussion
99(7)
6 The Role Of Vitamin D For Cardiovascular Disease And Overall Mortality
106(14)
Armin Zittermann
Sylvana Prokop
Abstract
106(1)
Abbreviations
107(1)
Introduction
107(1)
Vitamin D Status in Adults
107(1)
Vitamin D Deficiency and Cardiovascular Disease
108(3)
Vitamin D Deficiency and Overall Mortality
111(4)
Conclusion and Outlook
115(5)
7 Epidemiology Of Skin Cancer
120(21)
Ulrike Leiter
Thomas Eigentler
Claus Garbe
Abstract
120(1)
Introduction
121(1)
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
121(3)
Sun Exposure and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
124(3)
Melanoma
127(5)
Sun Exposure and Melanoma
132(2)
Conclusion
134(7)
8 Histology Of Melanoma And Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
141(19)
Cornelia S.L. Muller
Abstract
141(1)
Introduction
141(1)
Actinic Keratosis (AK)
142(1)
Bowen's Disease
142(3)
Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
145(2)
Keratoakanthoma (KA)
147(1)
Basal Cell Carcinoma
148(2)
Melanoma Skin Cancer
150(1)
In Situ Melanoma (Syn. Lentigo Maligna)
150(1)
Invasive Melanoma
150(3)
Variants and Specialties
153(2)
Childhood Melanoma
155(1)
The "Gray Zone" in Melanoma Diagnostic
156(1)
Conclusion
157(3)
9 Cytogenetics Of Melanoma And Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
160(22)
Melanie A. Carless
Lyn R. Griffiths
Abstract
160(1)
Introduction
160(2)
Melanocyte Derived Skin Cancers and Their Precursors
162(3)
Keratinocytic Derived Skin Cancers and Their Precursors
165(5)
Rare Cancers of the Skin
170(1)
Implications of Cytogenetic Findings
170(3)
Conclusion
173(9)
10 The Immune System And Skin Cancer
182(10)
Sherry H. Yu
Jeremy S. Bordeaux
Elma D. Baron
Abstract
182(1)
Introduction
183(1)
Organ Transplantation, Immune Suppression and Skin Cancer
183(1)
UV Radiation-Induced Immunosuppression and Skin Cancer
184(3)
Mechanism of Immune Suppression and Cancer
187(2)
Conclusion
189(3)
11 Human Papillomaviruses And Skin Cancer
192(16)
Sigrun Smola
Abstract
192(1)
Introduction: Human Papillomaviruses and Cancer
192(1)
Human Papillomaviruses in Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis
193(5)
Functional Studies of Human Genus β-PV in Murine Models
198(1)
Molecular and Functional Studies of Human Genus β-PV In Vitro
198(3)
Conclusion
201(7)
12 Ultraviolet Damage, DNA Repair And Vitamin D In Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer And In Malignant Melanoma: An Update
208(26)
Jorg Reichrath
Knuth Rass
Abstract
208(1)
Introduction
209(1)
UV Damage and DNA Repair
210(5)
UV-Induced Carcinogenesis in Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCQ
215(3)
UV-Induced Carcinogenesis in Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
218(1)
Role of DNA Repair for UV-Induced Carcinogenesis in Malignant Melanoma (MM)
219(3)
Convincing Evidence for Suppression of Skin Carcinogenesis by the Vitamin D Endocrine System (VDES)
222(1)
UV-Induced DNA Damage Response: Modulation by Vitamin D Signaling
223(2)
UV-Induced Immune Suppression and DNA Repair
225(1)
Conclusion
226(8)
13 Molecular Biology Of Basal And Squamous Cell Carcinomas
234(19)
Steffen Emmert
Michael P. Schon
Holger A. Haenssle
Abstract
234(1)
Introduction
234(1)
Basal Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology and Clinical Forms
235(2)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology and Clinical Forms
237(1)
Risk Indicators
238(1)
Basal Cell Carcinoma, Hedgehog Signaling and Other Pathways
239(2)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma and p53 Signaling
241(2)
Emerging Treatment Options
243(2)
Conclusion
245(8)
14 Solar Ultraviolet Radiation, Vitamin D And Skin Cancer Surveillance In Organ Transplant Recipients (OTRs): An Update
253(19)
Jorg Reichrath
Abstract
253(1)
Introduction
254(1)
The First Challenge: Increased Incidence and Prevalence of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
254(1)
The Second Challenge: The Aggressive Behavior of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer in Transplant Recipients
255(1)
Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer in Transplant Recipients
255(1)
Organ Allograft Recipients Are at Increased Risk for Malignant Melanoma
256(1)
Increased Incidence and Prevalence of Other Types of Skin Cancer in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
256(1)
Immunosuppressive Treatment: A Double-Edged Sword
257(1)
Vitamin D Deficiency in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: An Underrecognized Risk Factor for a Broad Variety of Severe Diseases
258(1)
A Paradigm Shift in the Diagnosis and Management of Skin Malignancies in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
259(1)
Sun Protection
260(1)
Types of Skin Lesions
260(6)
Conclusion
266(6)
15 Therapy Of Metastatic Malignant Melanoma: On The Way To Individualized Disease Control
272(10)
Thomas Vogt
Abstract
272(1)
Introduction
272(1)
Molecular Subtypes of Melanoma and Corresponding Novel Therapies
273(3)
Limited Success of Targeting Strategies Due to Secondary Drug Resistance
276(1)
Strategies to Overcome Limitations of Drug Targeting
277(3)
Conclusion
280(2)
16 The Vitamin D Receptor: A Tumor Suppressor In Skin
282(21)
Daniel D. Bikle
Abstract
282(1)
Introduction
283(1)
Vitamin D Metabolism
283(1)
Vitamin D Receptor: Mechanism of Action
284(1)
Mechanisms of Tumor Suppression by Vitamin D: General
285(3)
Mechanisms of Tumor Suppression by 1,25(OH)2D/VDR in the Epidermis
288(6)
Conclusion
294(9)
17 Protection From Ultraviolet Damage And Photocarcinogenesis By Vitamin D Compounds
303(26)
Clare Gordon-Thomson
Wannit Tongkao-on
Eric J. Song
Sally E. Carter
Katie M. Dixon
Rebecca S. Mason
Abstract
303(1)
Introduction
303(2)
UV-Induced Damage
305(3)
Photoprotection by Vitamin D Compounds
308(4)
Mechanisms of Photoprotective Actions of Vitamin D
312(4)
Conclusion
316(13)
18 Interaction Of Hedgehog And Vitamin D Signaling Pathways In Basal Cell Carcinomas
329(13)
Benedikt Albert
Heidi Hahn
Abstract
329(1)
Introduction to Hh Signaling
329(2)
Hh Signaling in BCCs
331(1)
Vitamin D Signaling in BCCs
332(2)
Interaction of Hh and Vitamin D Signaling Pathways in BCCs
334(4)
Conclusion
338(4)
19 Solar Ultraviolet Exposure And Mortality From Skin Tumors
342(17)
Marianne Berwick
Claire Pestak
Nancy Thomas
Abstract
342(1)
Introduction
342(2)
Observed Relationships for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
344(1)
Observed Relationships for Cutaneous Melanoma
345(10)
Potential Mechanisms
355(1)
Conclusion
356(3)
20 Ultraviolet Radiation And Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
359(16)
Johan Emilian Moan
Zivile Baturaite
Arne Dahlback
Alina Carmen Porojnicu
Abstract
359(1)
Introduction
359(2)
Does UV induce CMM?
361(1)
Materials and Methods
362(1)
Results and Discussion
363(7)
Conclusion
370(5)
21 Sun Exposure And Melanomas On Sun-Shielded And Sun-Exposed Body Areas
375(15)
Asta Juzeniene
Zivile Baturaite
Johan Moan
Abstract
375(1)
Introduction
375(1)
Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma and UV Exposure
376(6)
Mucosal Malignant Melanoma and UV Radiation
382(1)
Ocular Melanoma and UV Radiation
383(1)
Genetics, UV Exposure and Melanoma
384(1)
Conclusion
385(5)
22 Sunlight, Vitamin D And Malignant Melanoma: An Update
390(16)
Jorg Reichrath
Sandra Reichrath
Abstract
390(1)
Introduction
391(1)
The "Hormone Factory" Skin as a Unique Production Site of Vitamin D Metabolites
392(1)
Melanocytes: Targets for Biologically Active Vitamin D Analogs
392(1)
Evidence for a Contribution of the Vitamin D Endocrine System (VDES) to Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Melanoma
393(1)
Genetic Factors That Modulate Susceptibility for Melanoma
393(1)
The Impact of Solar UV Exposure on Melanoma Risk: A Two-Sided Sword
394(2)
Impact of UV-Induced DNA Damage Repair for Melanomagenesis
396(2)
The Impact of UV-Induced Immune Suppression for Melanomagenesis: An Underrecognized "Black Box"?
398(2)
Does a Person's Individual Vitamin D Status Have an Impact on Melanoma Risk and/or Prognosis?
400(2)
Conclusion
402(4)
23 Ultraviolet Exposure Scenarios: Risks Of Erythema From Recommendations On Cutaneous Vitamin D Synthesis
406(17)
Ann R. Webb
Ola Engelsen
Abstract
406(1)
Introduction
406(2)
Differences between Vitamin D Synthesis and Erythema
408(2)
Implications for UV Exposure
410(2)
Assessing the Erythema Risks of Exposures for Vitamin D Synthesis
412(6)
Public Health and Personal Choice
418(1)
Reviewing the Evidence
419(1)
Conclusion
420(3)
24 Ultraviolet-Radiation And Health: Optimal Time For Sun Exposure
423(6)
Johan Moan
Mantas Grigalavicius
Arne Dahlback
Zivile Baturaite
Asta Juzeniene
Abstract
423(1)
Introduction
423(1)
Methods
424(1)
Results and Discussion
425(2)
Conclusion
427(2)
25 Sunscreens
429(35)
Guido Bens
Abstract
429(1)
Introduction
430(1)
UV Radiation
430(1)
Effects of UV Radiation in Human Skin
431(3)
Detrimental Effects of Solar Radiation beyond the UV Spectrum
434(1)
Topical Photoprotection Agents
434(1)
Measuring Photoprotection
435(1)
Regulations and Marketing
436(1)
Organic UV Filters
437(12)
Inorganic UV Filters
449(1)
Efficacy of Sunscreens
450(5)
Sunscreens and Vitamin D3 Synthesis
455(1)
Alternative Photoprotective Agents
456(1)
Conclusion and Discussion
457(7)
26 Sunscreens In The United States: Current Status And Future Outlook
464(21)
Paul C. Jou
Kenneth J. Tomecki
Abstract
464(1)
Introduction
465(1)
UV Radiation (UVR)
465(1)
UVR's Biochemical Effects on the Skin
466(1)
Mechanisms of Sun-Induced Skin Darkening or "Tanning"
467(1)
Sunscreen
467(4)
Upcoming FDA Labeling Requirements
471(2)
Evidence for the Efficacy of Sunscreens
473(2)
Current Recommendations from American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) and American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
475(1)
Sunscreen and Vitamin D
476(1)
Polyphenols
477(3)
Conclusion
480(5)
27 Health Initiatives For The Prevention Of Skin Cancer
485(15)
Rudiger Greinert
Eckhard W. Breitbart
Peter Mohr
Beate Volkmer
Abstract
485(1)
Introduction
485(1)
Prevention of Skin Cancer
486(5)
Further Developments
491(2)
Balanced Messages (Concerning Vitamin D)
493(2)
Conclusion
495(5)
28 Optimal Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels For Multiple Health Outcomes
500(27)
Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari
Abstract
500(1)
Introduction
500(1)
25(OH)D Levels and Bone Health
501(5)
25(OH)D and Muscle Health
506(3)
25(OH)D and Dental Health
509(2)
25(OH)D and Cancer Incidence and Mortality
511(3)
Adding Calcium to Vitamin D
514(1)
Discussion
514(2)
Conclusion
516(11)
Index 527
Jörg Reichrath is Professor for Dermatology and Deputy Director of the Clinic for Dermatology, Allergology and Venerology at the Saarland University Hospital in Homburg/Saar, Germany. Main research interests include photobiology, dermatoendocrinology and dermatooncology. He is a member of numerous national and international scientific organizations, including the German Dermatological Society (DDG), the Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG), and the German Dermatologic Cooperative Oncology Group (DeCOG). He has been awarded numerous prizes including the Arnold Rikli-Prize 2006. Jörg Reichrath received his academic degrees (Dr. med., venia legendi) from the Saarland University, Germany.