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Sustainable High-Rise Buildings: Design, technology, and innovation [Kietas viršelis]

Edited by (Thomas Jefferson University, College of Architecture and Built Environment, Philadelphia, USA), Edited by (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Structures Division, School of Architecture, ), Edited by (University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), USA)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 672 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm
  • Serija: Built Environment
  • Išleidimo metai: 24-Nov-2022
  • Leidėjas: Institution of Engineering and Technology
  • ISBN-10: 1839532807
  • ISBN-13: 9781839532801
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Sustainable High-Rise Buildings: Design, technology, and innovationDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 672 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm
  • Serija: Built Environment
  • Išleidimo metai: 24-Nov-2022
  • Leidėjas: Institution of Engineering and Technology
  • ISBN-10: 1839532807
  • ISBN-13: 9781839532801
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781839532801.html
Raktažodžiai:

The rapid increase in urban population, land prices and land preservation, urban regeneration, as well as globalization and climate change have been forcing cities to build upward. High-rises can be part of a more sustainable solution if the construction and engineering challenges are addressed before construction starts. Smart technologies are being integrated in the digital environment to allow for better energy efficiency, safety and security, and to maximize the health and well-being of the occupants.

Delivered by a team of world leading experts, this comprehensive edited book covers the state-of-the-art of advanced research, innovations, and future perspectives towards sustainable high-rise buildings. The book is structured in three parts from architecture to engineering and city planning including sustainable environmental systems, skybridges, curtain walling resiliency, tall timber buildings, sustainable structural engineering, core design and space efficiency. It also includes seismic design, mass-damping-based approaches, innovative bio-polymeric agro-based materials, high-rises versus sprawl, transit-oriented development, mobility and urban space networks, resilience thinking, and interdependence of tall buildings and the city.

Architects, engineers, researchers, energy and facility managers, urban designers, project planners and developers, and smart building solutions experts as well as faculty members, postdocs, advanced students who are working in the fields of the built environment, building construction, system design, civil engineering, architecture, urban planning, smart cities, sustainability and resiliency and environmental engineering, and who are exploring sustainable building practices, will find this new advanced reference most useful and inspiring.



The rapid increase in globalization, human population, land prices and climate change are forcing cities to build upward. From architecture to engineering and city planning, this comprehensive reference covers the state-of-the-art of advanced research, innovations and future perspectives towards sustainable high-rise buildings.

About the editors xvii
The Institution of Engineering and Technology xix
About CTBUH xxi
Foreword xxiii
Introduction 1(14)
Part I Architecture
15(192)
1 Designing sustainable tall buildings
17(14)
Ken Yeang
1.1 The idea of the sustainable tall building or skyscraper
17(1)
1.2 Ecosystem characteristics and attributes
18(1)
1.3 Preliminary design studies for technical, biological, and augmented solutions
19(10)
1.3.1 Ecosystem's biotic-abiotic structure
19(1)
1.3.2 Ecosystem biodiversity
20(1)
1.3.3 Ecosystem connectivity and nexus
21(2)
1.3.4 Provision of ecosystem services
23(2)
1.3.5 Ecosystem biointegration
25(1)
1.3.6 Ecosystem responsiveness to climate
25(1)
1.3.7 Ecosystem's use and cycling of material
25(1)
1.3.8 Ecosystem hydrology
25(3)
1.3.9 Ecosystem symbiosis
28(1)
1.3.10 Ecosystem homeostasis
29(1)
1.3.11 Ecosystem's food production
29(1)
1.3.12 Ecosystem's succession
29(1)
1.4 Building physics and modeling
29(1)
1.5 Conclusion
29(2)
References
30(1)
2 Skybridges: bringing the horizontal into the vertical realm
31(54)
Antony Wood
Daniel Safarik
2.1 Introduction
31(3)
2.1.1 Purpose of the research
31(1)
2.1.2 Issues under exploration
32(2)
2.1.3 Research objectives
34(1)
2.1.4 Research methodology
34(1)
2.2 Classification and analytical criteria
34(7)
2.2.1 Skybridge typologies
34(2)
2.2.2 Measurement and calculation methodology
36(5)
2.3 Analysis
41(26)
2.3.1 Ownership/management
42(1)
2.3.2 Usage/programming
43(1)
2.3.3 Access/security
44(2)
2.3.4 Structural engineering
46(1)
2.3.5 MEP engineering
47(1)
2.3.6 Fire engineering/evacuation
48(1)
2.3.7 Construction
49(1)
2.3.8 Interiors
50(2)
2.3.9 Evaluation: qualitative
52(4)
2.3.10 Evaluation: quantitative
56(11)
2.4 Urban-scale considerations: skybridge networks in practice
67(12)
2.4.1 Hong Kong skybridge network
68(5)
2.4.2 Atlanta: Peachtree Center
73(5)
2.4.3 Learning from the Atlanta and Hong Kong skybridge networks
78(1)
2.5 3-D urban growth
79(4)
2.6 Conclusion
83(2)
Acknowledgment
83(1)
References
83(2)
3 Recent developments in sustainable environmental systems of tall buildings
85(40)
Paul J. Armstrong
3.1 Introduction
85(2)
3.2 Goals and objectives
87(1)
3.3 Methodology
87(1)
3.4 Environmental systems
87(2)
3.5 Multi-functional tall buildings
89(1)
3.6 Bioclimatic design
90(1)
3.7 Sustainable environmental services and strategies
91(4)
3.7.1 Natural ventilation
92(2)
3.7.2 Daylight harvesting and artificial lighting
94(1)
3.7.3 Heating and cooling
94(1)
3.7.4 Combined heat and power
94(1)
3.8 Integrated systems
95(4)
3.8.1 Integration of intelligent building systems
96(3)
3.9 Case studies
99(16)
3.9.1 4 Times square
100(2)
3.9.2 Pearl River Tower
102(2)
3.9.3 New York Times Headquarters
104(2)
3.9.4 Shanghai Tower
106(2)
3.9.5 Leeza SOHO Tower
108(1)
3.9.6 Salesforce Transit Tower and Transit Center
109(2)
3.9.7 340 On the Park
111(1)
3.9.8 30 St. Mary Axe
111(3)
3.9.9 Pertamina Energy Tower
114(1)
3.10 Discussion
115(2)
3.11 Sustainable cities and environmental infrastructures
117(2)
3.11.1 New Songdo City
117(2)
3.12 Conclusion
119(6)
References
120(5)
4 Assessment of tall buildings' environmental sustainability: frameworks and tools
125(18)
Rahman Azari
Peng Du
4.1 Introduction
125(1)
4.2 Assessment of tall building sustainability
126(5)
4.2.1 Social and economic sustainability
127(1)
4.2.2 Environmental sustainability
128(3)
4.3 Tall buildings and impacts on the environment
131(6)
4.3.1 Structural systems
133(2)
4.3.2 Whole building
135(2)
4.4 Uncertainties and limitations in the assessment of impacts
137(2)
4.5 Conclusion
139(4)
References
139(4)
5 Curtain walling resiliency for tall buildings: standards, testing, and solutions
143(28)
Angela Mejorin
Dario Trabucco
5.1 Introduction
143(4)
5.2 Impact resiliency of curtain walls: testing standards
147(6)
5.2.1 Impact testing of curtain walls
148(1)
5.2.2 Flying debris impact testing of curtain walls
148(5)
5.3 Windborne debris resiliency of curtain walls and tall building facade design
153(3)
5.3.1 Characteristics of flying debris-resilient curtain wall solutions
154(2)
5.4 Local windborne debris-resistant curtain walls: the aerodynamic of windborne debris
156(7)
5.4.1 Literature review
157(2)
5.4.2 Roof tiles
159(2)
5.4.3 Debris failure in extreme wind events
161(1)
5.4.4 Future work
161(2)
5.5 Findings
163(1)
5.6 Conclusion
164(7)
References
166(5)
6 Sustainability meets performance with tall timber buildings
171(36)
Jennifer Cover
Richard McLain
6.1 Why tall timber?
171(2)
6.2 Carbon footprint and forest health
173(1)
6.3 Embodied carbon and LCA
174(2)
6.4 Global precedents and US code changes
176(2)
6.5 Mass timber products and performance
178(1)
6.6 Fire-resistance ratings and timber encapsulation
179(8)
6.6.1 Contribution of mass timber to FRR
181(1)
6.6.2 Fire protection of connections
182(1)
6.6.3 Fire protection of concealed spaces
183(3)
6.6.4 Fire protection of shaft enclosures
186(1)
6.6.5 Noncombustible protection of mass timber shaft walls
186(1)
6.6.6 Other considerations
186(1)
6.7 Acoustic performance in tall timber
187(4)
6.7.1 Basics of acoustics and code requirements
188(1)
6.7.2 Unique mass timber acoustics considerations
188(3)
6.8 Grid selection and cost optimization
191(7)
6.8.1 Grid selection
193(1)
6.8.2 Mass timber panel spans
193(1)
6.8.3 Grid options
194(3)
6.8.4 Manufacturer input
197(1)
6.9 Market drivers for tall wood
198(4)
6.9.1 Innovation and aesthetic appeal
198(2)
6.9.2 Cost savings
200(1)
6.9.3 Healthy buildings
201(1)
6.10 Opportunities, challenges, and next steps
202(1)
6.11 Conclusion
203(4)
References
203(4)
Part II Engineering
207(238)
7 Sustainable structural design of tall buildings
209(34)
Kyoung Sun Moon
7.1 Introduction
209(2)
7.2 Tubular systems for sustainable structures
211(12)
7.2.1 Framed tube and bundled tube
211(1)
7.2.2 Braced tube
212(2)
7.2.3 Braced megatube
214(3)
7.2.4 Diagrids
217(5)
7.2.5 Optimal lateral stiffness distribution for tubular structures
222(1)
7.3 Outrigger structure
223(6)
7.3.1 Structural design and performance of outrigger system
223(4)
7.3.2 Comparative premium for height
227(2)
7.4 Hybrid structural systems
229(4)
7.4.1 Supertalls with mixed structural systems
230(2)
7.4.2 Lateral stiffness distribution alternatives in mixed systems
232(1)
7.5 Superframed conjoined towers for sustainable megatalls
233(5)
7.5.1 Superframed conjoined towers with single-link structures
234(1)
7.5.2 Superframed conjoined towers with multiple-link structures
235(3)
7.6 Conclusion
238(5)
References
239(4)
8 Core design and space efficiency in contemporary supertall office buildings
243(22)
Huseyin Emre Ilgin
8.1 Introduction
243(2)
8.2 Literature review
245(1)
8.3 Methodology
246(1)
8.4 Design considerations for supertall office buildings
247(11)
8.4.1 Core planning
247(6)
8.4.2 Structural systems and structural materials
253(1)
8.4.3 Lease span and floor-to-floor height
254(1)
8.4.4 Space efficiency
255(3)
8.5 Discussion
258(2)
8.5.1 Structural system
258(1)
8.5.2 Structural material
259(1)
8.5.3 Core planning
259(1)
8.5.4 Space efficiency
260(1)
8.6 Conclusion
260(5)
Glossary
261(1)
References
261(4)
9 An overview of seismic design and sustainability of high-rise buildings
265(50)
Guo-Qiang Li
Yun-Long Zhong
Hua-Jian Jin
9.1 Introduction to seismology
265(2)
9.1.1 Seismic magnitude
266(1)
9.1.2 Seismic intensity
266(1)
9.1.3 Ground movement during earthquakes
267(1)
9.2 Response spectrum of building structures
267(4)
9.2.1 Seismic response of single-degree freedom (SDF) structure
268(1)
9.2.2 Seismic action
269(1)
9.2.3 Seismic response spectrum
270(1)
9.3 Seismic action and response of high-rise buildings
271(4)
9.3.1 Seismic action of vibration mode of high-rise buildings
271(2)
9.3.2 Seismic response of high-rise buildings without torsion
273(1)
9.3.3 Seismic response of high-rise buildings with torsion
273(2)
9.4 Seismic resistance of high-rise buildings
275(4)
9.4.1 Strength requirement
275(1)
9.4.2 Deformation requirement
276(3)
9.5 Basic concepts for seismic resistance of high-rise buildings
279(10)
9.5.1 Selection of suitable site for buildings
279(1)
9.5.2 Regular building forms
280(5)
9.5.3 Reasonable seismic resistance system
285(2)
9.5.4 Strong slab for floors
287(2)
9.6 Technologies for mitigating seismic effects on high-rise buildings
289(19)
9.6.1 Seismic isolation principle and technology
289(4)
9.6.2 Energy dissipation principle and technology
293(8)
9.6.3 Tuned mass damper (TMD) principle and technology
301(7)
9.7 Conclusion
308(7)
Symbols
309(1)
References
310(5)
10 Sustainable construction of wood high-rise buildings and seismic considerations
315(30)
Asif Iqbal
10.1 Introduction
315(2)
10.2 Scope and objectives
317(1)
10.3 Sustainability
317(1)
10.4 Re-emergence of tall wood buildings
318(2)
10.5 Tall wood initiatives in North America
320(1)
10.5.1 Research and development of wood products and systems
321(1)
10.6 Cross-laminated timber (CLT)
321(5)
10.7 Structural systems for tall wood and composite buildings
326(1)
10.8 Moisture content and effects on material properties
327(1)
10.9 Case study I: Wood Innovation Design Centre
328(1)
10.10 Tall wood and composite buildings in seismic regions
329(2)
10.11 Connections and ductility
331(2)
10.12 Case study H: UBC Brock Commons
333(2)
10.13 Innovative solutions for wood structures
335(6)
10.13.1 Self-centering and low-damage structures
335(1)
10.13.2 Application of self-centering and low-damage technology
336(5)
10.14 Conclusion
341(4)
Acknowledgments
341(1)
References
342(3)
11 Innovative mass-damping approaches for sustainable seismic design of tall buildings
345(66)
Elena Mele
Diana Faiella
11.1 Introduction
345(5)
11.2 Literature review
350(5)
11.2.1 Mega-substructure-control system (MSCS)
350(3)
11.2.2 Intermediate isolation system (IIS)
353(2)
11.3 Modeling, design parameters, analysis types
355(8)
11.3.1 Baseline (FB) models of uncontrolled configurations
355(2)
11.3.2 MSCS models and design parameters
357(1)
11.3.3 IIS models and design parameters
358(1)
11.3.4 Reduced-order models (2DOF and 3DOF)
358(3)
11.3.5 Dynamic problem formulation and analysis methods
361(2)
11.4 MSCS configurations: analyses
363(12)
11.4.1 Classical modal analysis
363(3)
11.4.2 Complex modal analysis
366(2)
11.4.3 Response spectrum analysis (RSA)
368(3)
11.4.4 Time history analyses
371(3)
11.4.5 Effect of the distribution of moving secondary substructures
374(1)
11.5 IIS configuration analyses
375(5)
11.5.1 Classical and complex modal analyses
375(3)
11.5.2 Response spectrum analyses
378(2)
11.6 Real buildings with IIS
380(13)
11.6.1 Discussion, major data, and design issues
380(4)
11.6.2 The case studies: brief description
384(2)
11.6.3 Building models and relevant dynamic properties
386(2)
11.6.4 Natural undamped vibration modes for MDOF
388(2)
11.6.5 Time history analysis for MDOF
390(2)
11.6.6 Commentary on the position of isolation layer and mass ratio
392(1)
11.7 Engineering solutions for MSCS
393(7)
11.7.1 Structural organization of MSCS and design criteria
394(1)
11.7.2 Examples of MSCS engineering solution
395(5)
11.8 Discussion
400(2)
11.9 Conclusion
402(9)
References
402(6)
Appendix I Notations and abbreviations
408(3)
12 Employing innovative bio-polymeric agro-based materials in tall building facade applications to tackle climate change
411(34)
Ahmed Ali Hassan
12.1 Introduction: climate change and the urban reality
411(4)
12.1.1 An "existential threat": why climate change matters!
412(1)
12.1.2 Climate change and the built environment
412(1)
12.1.3 The collinearity between the global overpopulation and the rate of construction and demolition waste in cities
413(2)
12.2 Origin, prospects, and challenges of bio-polymeric material applications in tall building facades
415(8)
12.2.1 Origin of bio-polymeric materials
415(1)
12.2.2 Emergence, flourish, and decline of bio-polymeric materials
416(1)
12.2.3 Re-emergence of bio-polymeric materials
417(2)
12.2.4 Prospects of bio-polymeric materials
419(1)
12.2.5 Families of bio-polymeric materials
419(3)
12.2.6 Challenges of bio-polymeric materials application in tall building facades
422(1)
12.3 Material selection strategies: limitations and possibilities
423(2)
12.4 New systematic material (selection + design) framework for tall building facade applications using multi-performance criteria matrix
425(1)
12.5 Case study: material screening & selection, assembly design & assessment
426(13)
12.5.1 Design assumptions and considerations (selection criteria)
426(4)
12.5.2 Screening with constraints
430(1)
12.5.3 Evaluation and selection
430(2)
12.5.4 The BioEnclos© Facade: a computational assessment model
432(7)
12.6 Conclusion
439(6)
References
442(3)
Part III City planning
445(182)
13 Building taller, building denser: explorations in placemaking in London
447(18)
Michael Short
Stefania Fiorentino
Nicola Livingstone
13.1 Introduction
447(3)
13.2 Building taller, building denser
450(2)
13.3 Placemaking in London
452(5)
13.4 The case of Nine Elms
457(3)
13.5 Conclusion
460(5)
References
462(3)
14 High-rises versus sprawl: the impacts of building sizes and land uses on CO2 emissions
465(24)
Jason Barr
Shaojie Wang
Ujjaini Desirazu
14.1 Introduction
465(2)
14.2 Literature review
467(1)
14.3 Economic theory
468(2)
14.3.1 Externalities
469(1)
14.4 Building height and C02 in New York City
470(5)
14.4.1 Emissions versus building height and area
470(5)
14.4.2 Summary of results
475(1)
14.5 Household carbon footprints across New York City zip codes
475(4)
14.5.1 Emissions versus building height and area
478(1)
14.5.2 Summary of results
479(1)
14.6 City analysis
479(4)
14.6.1 Emissions versus building types
480(3)
14.6.2 Summary of results
483(1)
14.7 Discussion and policy implications
483(3)
14.7.1 Policies
484(2)
14.8 Conclusion
486(3)
References
486(3)
15 High-rise buildings and transit-oriented development: the case of Hong Kong
489(26)
Charlie Qiuli Xue
Cong Sun
15.1 Introduction
489(1)
15.2 Literature review
490(2)
15.3 Key factors influencing TOD
492(3)
15.3.1 Gross floor area (GFA) in station catchment
492(1)
15.3.2 Building type
493(1)
15.3.3 High-rise buildings
493(1)
15.3.4 Land use mix
493(1)
15.3.5 Catchment radius and catchment (rail village) area
494(1)
15.3.6 Number of building users and transit riders
495(1)
15.3.7 Design and locations of exits
495(1)
15.3.8 High density and health
495(1)
15.4 Four types of TODs
495(9)
15.4.1 "Plug-in" TOD in the old city
495(3)
15.4.2 "City-edge" TOD
498(2)
15.4.3 "One-building" TOD
500(2)
15.4.4 "Suburban" TOD in new areas
502(2)
15.5 Discussion
504(6)
15.5.1 Connectivity
504(3)
15.5.2 Land ownership
507(1)
15.5.3 High-rise buildings on podium
507(1)
15.5.4 Diversity and land use mix
508(1)
15.5.5 Station exits
509(1)
15.5.6 High-rise, high density, and health
509(1)
15.5.7 Challenges to TOD
509(1)
15.6 Conclusion
510(5)
Acknowledgment
511(1)
References
511(4)
16 High-density city: extrapolating mobility and urban space networks in Singapore
515(34)
Samant Swinal
16.1 Introduction
515(1)
16.2 Literature review
516(5)
16.2.1 Transit led vertical urbanism
516(1)
16.2.2 Historical development of the concept
516(1)
16.2.3 Vertical urbanism and elevated spaces
517(2)
16.2.4 A new elaborated 3D configuration with the rise of new transportation modes
519(1)
16.2.5 Parameters for an analysis of TOD urban spaces
520(1)
16.3 Goals and objectives
521(1)
16.4 Analysis parameters
521(1)
16.5 Case studies
522(3)
16.5.1 The J-Walk and Jurong Gateway
522(1)
16.5.2 Marina Bay Sands (MBS)
522(3)
16.6 Analysis and findings
525(15)
16.6.1 Design elements: accessibility, connectivity, and legibility
525(6)
16.6.2 Mobility
531(2)
16.6.3 Activities and amenities
533(5)
16.6.4 Management and operation
538(1)
16.6.5 Transport technologies and their influence on stratified urban networks
539(1)
16.7 Conclusion
540(9)
Acknowledgments
543(1)
References
543(6)
17 Resilience thinking in high-rise clusters: the case of Bayrakli, Izmir
549(22)
Asli Ceylan Oner
Bugra Gokge
17.1 Introduction
549(1)
17.2 Literature review
550(9)
17.2.1 Historical development and globalization related trends in high-rise districts
551(3)
17.2.2 High-rise clusters: sustainability and resilience
554(5)
17.3 Case study: Bayrakli, Izmir as a high-rise district
559(6)
17.3.1 Bayrakli and development of high-rises
559(3)
17.3.2 Discussions on resilience: Bayrakli and the recent earthquake
562(3)
17.4 Conclusion
565(6)
References
566(5)
18 High-rise buildings as urban habitat: urban design analytics in the context of new urban science
571(24)
Yu Ye
Zhendong Wang
Huiqiong Tian
18.1 Introduction
571(2)
18.1.1 High-rise buildings as urban habitat: a rising issue
571(1)
18.1.2 New urban science and new research potentials for urban design analytics
572(1)
18.2 Related studies: mapping the emerging literature
573(1)
18.3 An evidence-based approach using VR and wearable biosensors: measuring the "unmeasurable" perception
573(6)
18.3.1 Spatial design exploration via VR: experiencing the design as creators and users
574(3)
18.3.2 Urban space optimization: human-centred place-making
577(1)
18.3.3 The application of VR and wearable biosensors in high-rise building design is rising
578(1)
18.4 A data-informed approach via multi-sourced urban data and geodesign: improving the social performance of building layout and promoting citizen participation
579(3)
18.4.1 Quantitative urban morphology bringing insights for promoting urban vitality
580(1)
18.4.2 Citizen participation combined with multi-sourced urban data as a new strategy for urban decision making
581(1)
18.4.3 The assistance of data-informed approach in high-rise building design
582(1)
18.5 A computational design approach relying on visualization techniques and deep learning algorithms: visualizing design impacts, mapping human activities, and generating new design
582(5)
18.5.1 Computational visualization techniques as assistance for design decision making
583(1)
18.5.2 Deep learning algorithms as a design assistance for mapping human activities via computer vision
584(1)
18.5.3 Smart architecture design: GAN-assisted building plan generation
585(1)
18.5.4 The computational-oriented design approach would be helpful in high-rise building design
586(1)
18.6 Discussion
587(1)
18.6.1 The emerging of analytical techniques in the context of new urban science
587(1)
18.6.2 The utilities of newly emerged analytical techniques
587(1)
18.7 Conclusion
588(7)
References
589(6)
19 Interdependence of high-rise buildings and the city: a complementary approach to sustainability
595(26)
Mir M. Ali
Kheir Al-Kodmany
19.1 Introduction
595(1)
19.2 The sustainable high-rise building
596(1)
19.3 Achieving sustainability of high-rise buildings
597(10)
19.3.1 Passive low-energy strategies
597(1)
19.3.2 Building skin technology
598(1)
19.3.3 Material selection and structural systems
598(1)
19.3.4 Daylighting
599(1)
19.3.5 Solar and wind energies
599(1)
19.3.6 Plant and tree-covered towers
600(2)
19.3.7 Mixed-use towers
602(3)
19.3.8 Innovative technologies
605(2)
19.4 The sustainable city
607(8)
19.4.1 The transport and mixed-use system
608(1)
19.4.2 The vertical city within a city
609(1)
19.4.3 Parks and civic spaces
610(2)
19.4.4 Design for pedestrian traffic
612(1)
19.4.5 Enhancing the microclimatic environment
613(2)
19.5 High-rise buildings and urban form
615(2)
19.6 Discussion
617(1)
19.7 Conclusion
618(3)
References
619(2)
20 Conclusion
621(6)
Kheir Al-Kodmany
Peng Du
Mir M. Ali
Appendix A Definitions 627(4)
Index 631
Kheir Al-Kodmany is a professor of urban planning at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), USA. He has published several books and over 100 papers on the topics of vertical urbanism, sustainability, eco-towers, placemaking, high-rise suburbanism, vertical farming, eco-iconic skyscrapers, tall buildings, transitoriented-developments, urban design, Geographic Information Systems, and urban data visualization. According to ResearchGate, Dr. Al-Kodmany's publications are among the most read (200,000 Reads). In the Urban Data Visualization Laboratory at UIC, he has developed 3D modeling, virtual reality, GIS, and webbased mapping survey tools and software for effective participatory planning and design. Dr Al-Kodmany was invited by several governments, mayors, and organizations to assist in urban planning and architectural projects. He conducted over 200 presentations of his research and lectured in renowned universities worldwide. Prof. Al-Kodmany also worked for the Chicago firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, where he designed major skyscrapers around the globe.



Peng Du is an assistant professor and director of both Master of Urban Design - Future Cities (MUD) and MS in Geospatial Technology for the Geodesign programs at the College of Architecture and Built Environment in the Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, USA. He has also served in several important roles at the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), including director & board member of the Asia Headquarters, and a co-chair of the Council's Academic & Teaching Committee. His research focuses on net-zero buildings and cities, computational urban design, urban energy modeling, and urban data analytics, incorporating interdisciplinary approaches. Prior to joining Thomas Jefferson University, Dr Du taught at the Illinois Institute of Technology and Texas Tech University. He is a LEED-Accredited Professional and WELL-Accredited Professional.



Mir M. Ali is professor emeritus and former long-time chairman of the Structures Division in the School of Architecture at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA. He was the chairman of CTBUH's Committee 30-Architecture and Group PA-Planning and Architecture overseeing eight committees of the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), and the Founding Editor of the Council's first online CTBUH Review Journal. He is a Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and CTBUH. He was a TOKTEN Fellow of the United Nations. He was awarded ASCE's Millennium Challenge Prize for his winning essay on skyscrapers in a worldwide competition. He was invited by Fulbright Foundation who bestowed on him a Fulbright Award to study the feasibility of constructing tall buildings in Malta. He has authored/co-authored/ edited seven books and published numerous research papers and articles. He was interviewed by radio, television, and print media outlets including the New York Times, Toronto Star, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, The Architectural Record, Rolling Stones, Popular Science, Associate Press, Public Radio International, and many more.