The energy industry is undergoing a transformation to reduce carbon emissions and combat global warming. There's growing consensus that electric power and synthetic fuels should rely less on fossil fuels, with significant efforts toward renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydrogen. Similarly, synthetic fuelscrucial for heating, cooling, power, and long-distance transmissionmust shift to carbon-neutral sources such as biomass, water, and recycled CO2. This book explores sustainable methods for producing synthetic fuels from these sources. It emphasizes the need for hydrogen and biofuel-based economies, which require the development of syngas, ammonia, methanol, and biofuels like biogas, bio-ethanol, and bio-diesel. Though many processes are not yet commercially viable, continued research and development will make them feasible. A shift from fossil fuels to hydrogen and bio-based solutions is essential for a carbon-neutral future.
