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Syntactic Theory: A Formal Introduction 2nd Revised edition [Kietas viršelis]

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Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
A textbook for an undergraduate linguistics course, emphasizing the explicit formulation of precise hypotheses that can be tested against empirical data. It seeks a balance between linguistic analysis and data-centered problem solving. The second edition has been revised in light of feedback from teachers and students; no date is cited for the first. Annotation (c) Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)



This second edition of Syntactic Theory: A Formal Introduction expands and improves upon a truly unique introductory syntax textbook. Like the first edition, its focus is on the development of precisely formulated grammars whose empirical predictions can be directly tested. There is also considerable emphasis on the prediction and evaluation of grammatical hypotheses, as well as on integrating syntactic hypotheses with matters of semantic analysis.

The book covers the core areas of English syntax from the last quarter century, including complementation, control, "raising constructions," passives, the auxiliary system, and the analysis of long distance dependency constructions. Syntactic Theory's step-by-step introduction to a consistent grammar in these core areas is complemented by extensive problem sets drawing from a variety of languages.

The book's theoretical perspective is presented in the context of current models of language processing, and the practical value of the constraint-based, lexicalist grammatical architecture proposed has already been demonstrated in computer language processing applications. This thoroughly reworked second edition includes revised and extended problem sets, updated analyses, additional examples, and more detailed exposition throughout.

Praise for the first edition:
"Syntactic Theory sets a new standard for introductory syntax volumes that all future books should be measured against."--Gert Webelhuth, Journal of Linguistics

Preface xiii
Introduction
1(20)
Two Conceptions of Grammar
1(2)
An Extended Example: Reflexive and Nonreflexive Pronouns
3(4)
Remarks on the History of the Study of Grammar
7(2)
Why Study Syntax?
9(7)
Phenomena Addressed
16(2)
Summary
18(1)
Further Reading
18(1)
Problems
19(2)
Some Simple Theories of Grammar
21(28)
Introduction
21(1)
Two Simplistic Syntactic Theories
22(4)
Context-Free Phrase Structure Grammar
26(3)
Applying Context-Free Grammar
29(4)
Trees Revisited
33(2)
CFG as a Theory of Natural Language Grammar
35(1)
Problems with CFG
36(4)
Transformational Grammar
40(2)
What Are Grammars Theories Of?
42(1)
Summary
43(1)
Further Reading
44(1)
Problems
44(5)
Analyzing Features of Grammatical Categories
49(44)
Introduction
49(1)
Feature Structures
50(9)
The Linguistic Application of Feature Structures
59(15)
Phrase Structure Trees
74(9)
Summary
83(1)
The
Chapter 3 Grammar
84(4)
Further Reading
88(1)
Problems
88(5)
Complex Feature Values
93(38)
Introduction
93(1)
Complements
94(6)
Specifiers
100(3)
Applying the Rules
103(2)
The Valence Principle
105(2)
Agreement Revisited
107(9)
Coordination and Agreement
116(1)
Case Marking
117(1)
Summary
117(1)
The
Chapter 4 Grammar
118(4)
Further Reading
122(1)
Problems
122(9)
Semantics
131(34)
Introduction
131(1)
Semantics and Pragmatics
132(2)
Linguistic Meaning
134(6)
How Semantics Fits In
140(3)
The Semantic Principles
143(2)
Modification
145(4)
Coordination Revisited
149(2)
Quantifiers
151(4)
Summary
155(1)
The
Chapter 5 Grammar
155(5)
Further Reading
160(1)
Problems
161(4)
How the Grammar Works
165(38)
A Factorization of Grammatical Information
165(4)
Examples
169(23)
Appendix: Well-Formed Structures
192(6)
Problems
198(5)
Binding Theory
203(24)
Introduction
203(1)
Binding Theory of
Chapter 1 Revisited
204(1)
A Feature-Based Formulation of Binding Theory
205(3)
Two Problems for Binding Theory
208(5)
Examples
213(3)
Imperatives and Binding
216(3)
The Argument Realization Principle Revisited
219(2)
Summary
221(1)
Changes to the Grammar
221(1)
Further Reading
222(1)
Problems
223(4)
The Structure of the Lexicon
227(44)
Introduction
227(1)
Lexemes
228(1)
Default Constraint Inheritance
229(7)
Some Lexemes of Our Grammar
236(10)
The FORM Feature
246(4)
Lexical Rules
250(1)
Inflectional Rules
251(9)
Derivational Rules
260(4)
Summary
264(1)
Further Reading
265(1)
Problems
265(6)
Realistic Grammar
271(40)
Introduction
271(1)
The Grammar So Far
272(22)
Constraint-Based Lexicalism
294(1)
Modeling Performance
295(5)
A Performance-Plausible Competence Grammar
300(5)
Universal Grammar: A Mental Organ?
305(4)
Summary
309(1)
Further Reading
309(1)
Problems
309(2)
The Passive Construction
311(22)
Introduction
311(1)
Basic Data
311(1)
The Passive Lexical Rule
312(7)
The Verb Be in Passive Sentences
319(2)
An Example
321(6)
Summary
327(1)
Changes to the Grammar
328(1)
Further Reading
328(1)
Problems
329(4)
Nominal Types: Dummies and Idioms
333(28)
Introduction
333(1)
Be Revisited
333(2)
The Existential There
335(3)
Extraposition
338(9)
Idioms
347(3)
Summary
350(1)
Changes to the Grammar
350(6)
Further Reading
356(1)
Problems
356(5)
Infinitival Complements
361(30)
Introduction
361(1)
The Infinitival To
361(3)
The Verb Continue
364(7)
The Verb Try
371(5)
Subject Raising and Subject Control
376(1)
Object Raising and Object Control
377(5)
Summary
382(1)
Changes to the Grammar
382(2)
Further Reading
384(1)
Problems
385(6)
Auxiliary Verbs
391(36)
Introduction
391(1)
The Basic Analysis
392(9)
The NICE Properties
401(1)
Auxiliary Do
402(1)
Analyzing the NICE Properties
403(16)
Summary
419(1)
Changes to the Grammar
419(4)
Further Reading
423(1)
Problems
424(3)
Long-Distance Dependencies
427(26)
Introduction
427(1)
Some Data
427(2)
Formulating the Problem
429(1)
Formulating a Solution
430(12)
Subject Gaps
442(1)
The Coordinate Structure Constraint
443(3)
Summary
446(1)
Changes to the Grammar
446(3)
Further Reading
449(1)
Problems
450(3)
Variation in the English Auxiliary System
453(16)
Introduction
453(1)
Auxiliary Behavior in the Main Verb Have
453(2)
African American Vernacular English
455(10)
Summary
465(1)
Further Reading
466(1)
Problems
466(3)
Sign-Based Construction Grammar
469(22)
Taking Stock
469(1)
Multiple Inheritance Hierarchies
470(3)
Words and Phrases as Signs
473(2)
Constructions
475(4)
Phrasal Constructions of Our Grammar
479(8)
Locality
487(2)
Summary
489(2)
Appendix A: Summary of the Grammar
491(34)
A.1 The Type Hierarchy
491(2)
A.2 Feature Declarations and Type Constraints
493(8)
A.3 Abbreviations
501(1)
A.4 The Grammar Rules
501(2)
A.5 Lexical Rules
503(6)
A.6 The Basic Lexicon
509(9)
A.7 Well-Formed Structures
518(7)
Appendix B: Related Grammatical Theories
525(18)
B.1 Historical Sketch of Transformational Grammar
528(4)
B.2 Constraint-Based Lexicalist Grammar
532(7)
B.3 Three Other Grammatical Frameworks
539(3)
B.4 Summary
542(1)
Answers to Exercises 543(12)
Glossary 555(16)
References 571(14)
Index 585