An analysis of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne from multiple historical, economic, and social perspectives.
The last of the post-World War One peace settlements, the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne departed from methods used in the Treaty of Versailles and took on a new peace-making initiative: a forced population exchange that affected one and a half million people. Like its German and Austro-Hungarian allies, the defeated Ottoman Empire had initially been presented with a dictated peace in 1920. In just two years, however, the Kemalist insurgency enabled Turkey to become the first sovereign state in the Middle East, while the Greeks, Armenians, Arabs, Egyptians, Kurds, and other communities previously under the Ottoman Empire sought their own forms of sovereignty.
Featuring historical analysis from multiple perspectives, They All Made Peace, What is Peace? considers the Lausanne Treaty and its legacy. Chapters investigate British, Turkish, and Soviet designs in the post-Ottoman world, situate the population exchanges relative to other peacemaking efforts, and discuss the economic factors behind the reallocation of Ottoman debt and the management of refugee flows. Further chapters examine Kurdish, Arab, Iranian, Armenian, and other communities that were refused formal accreditation at Lausanne, but which were still forced to live with the consequences, consequences that are still emerging, one hundred years on.
Recenzijos
They All Made PeaceWhat is Peace? is a welcome addition to the literature on the 1923 Lausanne Treaty and the impact of the decisions made there that continue to resonate in present-day international politics. Long overdue, the volume represents a primer on a neglected and under-represented moment of post-imperial Ottoman history. Virginia H. Aksan Professor of History Emeritus, McMaster University; 'Of all the international treaties signed after World War I, only Lausanne remains intact: the founding document of the Turkish Republic. Yet the Lausanne peace process has not attracted the interest it deserves. In the absence of well-grounded research, journalists and Islamist demagogues alike have come up with their own myths, myths that continue to circulate today. Here at last, a century on, we have the definitive work: of interest not only to diplomats, political scientists and historians, but the educated public in general.' Ayhan Aktar former Professor of Sociology, Istanbul Bilgi University: An important book offering new perspectives on the Lausanne Treaty of 1923. Gone is the positive interpretation of Lausanne as the most successful of the treaties ending hostilities in the Great War; in its place is a multilayered account of exploitation, exclusion, and betrayal of the promise of recovery and development in a region ravaged by war, famine, and genocide.These essays offer a new and important interpretation not only of Middle Eastern history but of international history in the 1920s.Jay Winter Professor of History Emeritus, Yale University
Daugiau informacijos
July 2023 will mark the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Lausanne Treaty.
Contents
Part 1: From One Imperial Order to Another
Minority Rights and International Law at Lausanne Aimee Genell
Britains Plans for a New Eastern Mediterranean Empire, 1916-1923 Erik
Goldstein
On the Margins of the Lausanne Conference: The Soviet Union and the
Exclusions of the post-World War I International Order Samuel Hirst &
Etienne Peyrat
The Lausanne Treaty in the Contested Narratives of World Politics Cemil
Aydn
Part 2: Absent Presences
Debates over an Armenian National Home at the Lausanne Conference and the
Limits of Post-Genocide Co-Existence Lerna Ekmekēioglu
Iranian Attempts to Participate in the Lausanne Conference Leila
Koochakzadeh
Arab Exclusion at Lausanne: A Critical Historical Juncture Elizabeth F.
Thompson
Part 3: Making Concessions
Oil over Armenians: The 1920s Lausanne Shift in US Relations with the
Middle East Andrew Patrick
The Mosul Question: Lausanne and After Sarah Shields
Turkey and the Division of the Ottoman Debt at Lausanne Patrick Schilling &
Mustafa Aksakal
Part 4: Moving the People
International Law and the Greek-Bulgarian and Greek-Turkish Population
Exchanges Leonard V. Smith
A Capitalist Peace? Money, Labor, and Refugee Resettlement Laura Robson
At the Crossroads of History:Thanassis Aghnides, Ayrilios Spatharis and the
Greek-Turkish Population Exchange Haakon Ikonomou & Dimitris Kamouzis
Part 5: Framing Lausanne
Framing Pasts and Futures at the Lausanne Near East Peace Conference
Hans-Lukas Kieser
Lausanne in Turkish Official and Popular Historiography: A War of
Identities in Turkey Gökhan Ēetinsaya
Diplomacy, Entertainment, Souvenir? Guignol a Lausanne (1922) and the
Lausanne Conference in Caricature Julia Secklehner
Jonathan Conlin is a senior lecturer at the University of Southampton and cofounder of the Lausanne Project, a forum for scholarship on interwar relations between the Middle East and the wider world. His books include Mr. Five Per Cent and Tales of Two Cities. Ozan Ozavci is assistant professor of transimperial history at Utrecht University and, with Jonathan Conlin, cofounder of the Lausanne Project. He is the author of Dangerous Gifts and Intellectual Origins of the Republic. Contributors: Aimee Genell is Assistant Professor of Middle Eastern History, University of West Georgia, Erik Goldstein is Professor of International Relations and Professor of History, Boston University; Samuel Hirst is Assistant Professor of International Relations, Bilkent University; Etienne Peyrat is Assistant Professor of History, Sciences Po Lille & University of Lille; Cemil Aydin is Professor of History at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Lerna Ekmekcioglu is McMillan-Stewart Associate Professor of History, MIT; Leila Koochakzadeh is Lecturer at the Institut Nationale des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (INaLCO), Paris; Elizabeth F. Thompson is Professor of History and Mohamed S. Farsi Chair of Islamic Peace at the American University in Washington, DC; Andrew Patrick is Associate Professor of History, Tennessee State University; Sarah Shields is Professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Department of History, University of North Carolina; Mustafa Aksakal is Nesuhi Erteguen Chair of Modern Turkish Studies & Associate Professor of History, Georgetown University; Patrick Schilling is a PhD candidate in history at Georgetown University; Leonard V. Smith is Frederick B. Artz Professor of History, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio (USA); Laura Robson is Oliver-McCourtney Professor of History, Penn State University; Haakon Ikonomou is Associate Professor at the Saxo Institute, University of Copenhagen; Dimitris Kamouzis is Researcher at the Centre for Asia Minor Studies in Athens, Greece; Hans-Lukas Kieser is Associate Professor of History at the Centre for the Study of Violence, University of Newcastle, Australia; Goekhan Cetinsaya retired from the Istanbul Sehir University; Julia Secklehner is a Research Fellow for the CRAACE Project at the Department of Art History, Masaryk University (Brno, Czechia).
