|
|
viii | |
Acronyms |
|
x | |
Preface |
|
xii | |
Introduction |
|
1 | (6) |
|
1 What Is Desertification? |
|
|
7 | (58) |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
The distribution of drylands |
|
|
9 | (4) |
|
|
13 | (5) |
|
Natural deserts and desertification |
|
|
18 | (4) |
|
The two main characteristics of desertification |
|
|
22 | (11) |
|
The direct and indirect causes of desertification |
|
|
33 | (2) |
|
Desertification and civilization |
|
|
35 | (2) |
|
Drought and desertification |
|
|
37 | (24) |
|
Questions remain about desertification |
|
|
61 | (3) |
|
|
64 | (1) |
|
2 The Causes of Desertification |
|
|
65 | (42) |
|
|
65 | (11) |
|
|
76 | (14) |
|
Poor irrigation management |
|
|
90 | (5) |
|
|
95 | (10) |
|
|
105 | (2) |
|
3 Desertification, People and Policy |
|
|
107 | (20) |
|
|
108 | (2) |
|
|
110 | (2) |
|
Desertification and underdevelopment |
|
|
112 | (2) |
|
|
114 | (3) |
|
Famine, poverty and desertification |
|
|
117 | (3) |
|
Desertification in developed nations |
|
|
120 | (2) |
|
|
122 | (5) |
|
4 The Scale of Desertification |
|
|
127 | (31) |
|
The regional distribution of desertification |
|
|
127 | (5) |
|
Estimates of the extent and rate of desertification |
|
|
132 | (13) |
|
Developing a new system of desertification indicators |
|
|
145 | (4) |
|
Using remote sensing to improve the monitoring of desertification |
|
|
149 | (8) |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
5 Controlling Desertification by Improving Crop Production |
|
|
158 | (33) |
|
Improving rainfed cropping |
|
|
161 | (12) |
|
Improving irrigated cropping |
|
|
173 | (17) |
|
The role of cropping in desertification control |
|
|
190 | (1) |
|
6 Controlling Desertification by Improving Livestock Raising |
|
|
191 | (23) |
|
|
192 | (3) |
|
|
195 | (2) |
|
|
197 | (4) |
|
|
201 | (2) |
|
|
203 | (7) |
|
The prospects for livestock development |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
Pastoral associations: the last hope? |
|
|
211 | (2) |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
7 Controlling Desertification by Planting Trees |
|
|
214 | (31) |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
Large-scale fuelwood plantations |
|
|
215 | (2) |
|
|
217 | (9) |
|
Does community forestry have a future? |
|
|
226 | (8) |
|
The role of non-governmental organizations |
|
|
234 | (4) |
|
|
238 | (5) |
|
Future tree-planting strategies |
|
|
243 | (2) |
|
8 Farm Forestry and Natural Woodland Management |
|
|
245 | (31) |
|
|
245 | (2) |
|
|
247 | (21) |
|
Managing natural woodlands |
|
|
268 | (6) |
|
The potential of agroforestry and natural woodland management |
|
|
274 | (2) |
|
|
276 | (17) |
|
Progress in soil conservation |
|
|
276 | (9) |
|
Preventing sand dune encroachment |
|
|
285 | (6) |
|
The prospects for soil conservation and desert reclamation |
|
|
291 | (2) |
|
10 Controlling Desertification: Progress and Prospects |
|
|
293 | (29) |
|
|
293 | (11) |
|
|
304 | (5) |
|
|
309 | (5) |
|
|
314 | (5) |
|
|
319 | (3) |
Appendix: Summary of the UNCOD Plan of Action to Combat Desertification |
|
322 | (9) |
Bibliography |
|
331 | (26) |
Index |
|
357 | |