| Preface |
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xxxiii | |
| Chapter 1 An Introduction To Tort Law |
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1 | (38) |
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I Introduction To A Torts Case |
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1 | (4) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (2) |
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D The Basis of a Lawsuit Is a Cause of Action |
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5 | (1) |
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II Tort Law Compared To Other Forms Of Law |
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5 | (3) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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C Civil and Criminal Cases Operate Independently of One Another |
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7 | (1) |
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D Proof in a Civil Case Is Preponderance of Evidence |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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III Tort Law Compared To Other Areas Of Law |
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8 | (1) |
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IV A Short History Of Tort Law |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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C The Development of Tort Law in the United States |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (4) |
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A Investigating the Cause of Action: Rule 11 |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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VI Discovery In Civil Cases |
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14 | (2) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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C Request for Production of Documents |
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15 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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E Request for Physical and/or Mental Examination of a Party |
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15 | (1) |
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VII The Trial Of A Civil Case |
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16 | (4) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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C Presentation of the Plaintiffs Case |
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17 | (1) |
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D Motion for Directed Verdict |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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VIII Alternative Dispute Resolution |
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20 | (1) |
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A What Is Alternative Dispute Resolution? |
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20 | (1) |
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B Arbitration Versus Mediation |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (4) |
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A The Importance of Case Law |
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21 | (1) |
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1 How Is Case Law Created? |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (17) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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Skills You Need in the Real World |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: An Introduction |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (5) |
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33 | (1) |
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Forms and Court Documents |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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Applying What You Have Learned |
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36 | (3) |
| Chapter 2 Intentional Torts |
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39 | (34) |
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39 | (1) |
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II The Problem With Intentional Torts |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (6) |
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A The Elements of Assault |
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41 | (2) |
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1 The Defendant's Actions Are Intentional |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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3 Harmful or Offensive Contact |
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43 | (1) |
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B The Elements of Battery |
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43 | (4) |
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1 Defendant Acted Intentionally |
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43 | (1) |
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2 What Do We Mean by "Contact"? |
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44 | (2) |
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a Making Contact with Weapons or Other Objects |
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44 | (1) |
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b The Connection Between the Defendant's Actions and Ultimate Harm |
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44 | (2) |
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3 Harmful or Offensive Contact |
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46 | (1) |
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4 The Reasonable Person Standard |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (5) |
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A The Elements of False Imprisonment |
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47 | (2) |
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1 Restraint Must Be Intentional |
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47 | (1) |
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2 Restraint Must Be Unlawful |
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48 | (1) |
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3 By the Use of Force or Threats |
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48 | (1) |
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4 Holding Personal Property Hostage |
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49 | (1) |
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B Defenses to False Imprisonment |
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49 | (3) |
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49 | (3) |
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Thompson-El v. Bank of America |
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49 | (3) |
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V Alienation Of Affections |
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52 | (1) |
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VI Intentional Infliction Of Emotional Distress |
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52 | (3) |
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A Elements of Infliction of Emotional Distress |
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52 | (1) |
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1 Intentional or Reckless Conduct |
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53 | (1) |
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2 Bystander Emotional Distress |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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B Emotional Distress: What Is It? |
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53 | (2) |
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1 The Defendant's Actions Were Outrageous |
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54 | (1) |
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VII Malicious Prosecution |
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55 | (1) |
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A The Elements of Malicious Prosecution |
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55 | (2) |
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1 Defendant Brings or Continues a Criminal Charge Against the Plaintiff |
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55 | (1) |
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2 The Case Terminates in the Plaintiffs Favor |
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55 | (1) |
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3 The Defendant Acted with Malice in Bringing the Charge |
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56 | (1) |
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4 There Was No Probable Cause for the Charge |
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56 | (1) |
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VIII Tort Immunity For Families |
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56 | (1) |
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IX Intentional Torts Involving Property: Trespass |
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57 | (2) |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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B Entry onto the Plaintiff's Real Property |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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A Public Nuisance Versus Private Nuisance |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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2 Damages and Injunctions |
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60 | (1) |
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B New Lawsuits Under Environmental Theories |
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60 | (1) |
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XI Torts To Personal Property: Trespass To Chattels |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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Skills You Need in the Real World |
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62 | (2) |
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64 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Statutes of Limitation |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (4) |
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68 | (1) |
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Forms and Court Documents |
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68 | (2) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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Applying What You Have Learned |
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70 | (3) |
| Chapter 3 Defenses To Intentional Torts |
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73 | (34) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (3) |
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A The Response Must Be Equal to the Threat |
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74 | (1) |
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B Limitations on Self-Defense |
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75 | (1) |
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1 No Self-Defense for Aggressors |
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75 | (1) |
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a Self-Defense Claim if Aggressor Voluntarily Stopped Fighting |
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75 | (1) |
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2 No Self-Defense for Martial Artists |
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75 | (1) |
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C Claiming Self-Defense When Defending Others |
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76 | (1) |
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D Other Limitations on Self-Defense: No Deadly Force to Protect Property |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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IV Duress, Necessity, Compulsion, And Coercion |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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B Involuntary Intoxication |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (4) |
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84 | (3) |
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XI Statutes Of Limitation |
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87 | (1) |
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XII Defenses Available To Codefendants |
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87 | (6) |
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A Joint and Several Liability |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (20) |
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1 Employer/Employee Liability (Respondeat Superior) |
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90 | (2) |
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a Limitations on Respondeat Superior |
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90 | (2) |
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2 Family Purpose Doctrine |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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Skills You Need in the Real World |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Avoiding a Claim of Unauthorized Practice of Law |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (7) |
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102 | (1) |
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Forms and Court Documents |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Applying What You Have Learned |
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104 | (3) |
| Chapter 4 Introduction To Negligence |
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107 | (36) |
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I Negligence: What Makes It Different? |
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107 | (1) |
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II The History Of Negligence |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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IV The Four Elements Of Negligence |
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109 | (8) |
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109 | (2) |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (5) |
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TransCare Maryland, Inc. v. Murray |
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113 | (4) |
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V The Lawyers Who Represent Plaintiffs And Defendants |
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117 | (6) |
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117 | (1) |
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B The Economics of Law Firms |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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E Contracting with a Law Firm |
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119 | (1) |
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F Contract in the Chumley Case |
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119 | (4) |
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VI Obtaining Information From The Client |
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123 | (3) |
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A Authorizations from the Client |
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123 | (1) |
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B Other Information from the Client: Facts and Photos |
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123 | (3) |
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126 | (2) |
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Skills You Need in the Real World |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Initial Client Meeting |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (5) |
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136 | (1) |
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Forms and Court Documents |
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136 | (3) |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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Applying What You Have Learned |
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139 | (4) |
| Chapter 5 Duty |
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143 | (38) |
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I The Chumley Case: A Dangerous Intersection? |
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143 | (1) |
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II The Legal Definition Of Duty |
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144 | (6) |
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A When Does a Duty Arise? |
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145 | (1) |
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B Using Formulas to Determine Duty |
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145 | (1) |
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C Duty Does Not Depend on Victim's Identity |
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146 | (1) |
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D Duty as a Legal Obligation |
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146 | (1) |
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E Duty Does Not Arise from Habit or Custom |
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147 | (1) |
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F Duty Arising from Professional Status |
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148 | (1) |
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1 Different Levels of Duty for Some Professionals |
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148 | (1) |
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2 What Is the Standard of Care for a Professional? |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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G Duty Arising Out of Other Factors |
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149 | (1) |
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III How The Courts Determine Duty |
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150 | (2) |
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A Relationship Can Determine Duty |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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IV Duty From A Social Relationship |
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152 | (2) |
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A Are Friends a Special Relationship? |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (7) |
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A Duty Is on Possessor, Not Owner |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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C Classifying Visitors: Trespassers |
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156 | (2) |
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1 Exceptions to the General Rule of No Duty to Trespassers |
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156 | (2) |
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a The Attractive Nuisance Doctrine |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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D Classifying Visitors: Licensees |
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158 | (1) |
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E Classifying Visitors: Invitees |
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158 | (2) |
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1 "Economic Benefit" Test |
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159 | (1) |
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2 Abnormally Dangerous or Ultra-hazardous Conditions |
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159 | (1) |
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F Abolishing the Categories (and Distinctions) Between Invitees and Licensees |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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1 Automobile Guest Statutes |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (6) |
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A Foreseeability of Injury to Third Party |
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163 | (4) |
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Tarasoff v. Regents of University of California |
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163 | (4) |
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B Can a Defendant Waive His Duty? |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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Skills You Need in the Real World |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Keeping Up with Developments in the Law |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (6) |
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176 | (1) |
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Forms and Court Documents |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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Applying What You Have Learned |
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178 | (3) |
| Chapter 6 Breach Of Duty Under Negligence Law |
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181 | (38) |
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181 | (1) |
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II Who Breached A Duty In The Chumley Case? |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (5) |
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184 | (2) |
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B The Jury Determines the Standard of Care |
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186 | (1) |
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C Physical Characteristics |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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E Custom or Tradition to Establish Breach of Duty? |
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187 | (1) |
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IV Professionals Have A Higher Standard Of Care |
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188 | (1) |
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V Court Doctrines That Help To Determine Breach Of Duty |
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188 | (11) |
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189 | (2) |
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1 The Commonsense Element of Res Ipsa Loquitur |
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190 | (1) |
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2 Defenses to a Res Ipsa Claim |
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190 | (1) |
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3 Pleading Res Ipsa Loquitur: What the Complaint Should Allege |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (29) |
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1 What the Complaint Should Say About Negligence Per Se |
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193 | (27) |
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195 | (4) |
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VI Expert Evidence And Breach Of Duty |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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Skills You Need in the Real World |
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200 | (3) |
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203 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Confidentiality |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (10) |
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214 | (1) |
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Forms and Court Doctrines |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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Applying What You Have Learned |
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216 | (3) |
| Chapter 7 Proximate Cause |
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219 | (48) |
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I Proximate Cause In The Chumley Case |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (2) |
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A Proving Proximate Cause |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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B The Law on Proximate Cause Tends to Be Vague |
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221 | (1) |
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III Developing The Concept Of Proximate Cause |
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222 | (11) |
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A Historical Development of Proximate Cause |
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222 | (1) |
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B Problems Defining Proximate Cause |
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223 | (1) |
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C Working Definition of Proximate Cause |
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223 | (2) |
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1 Elements of the Working Definition |
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223 | (1) |
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a Proof of an Injury Caused by the Defendant |
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223 | (1) |
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b In a Natural, Unbroken, and Continuous Sequence |
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224 | (1) |
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c Uninterrupted by Any Intervening Causes |
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224 | (1) |
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d Produced the Plaintiffs Injuries |
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224 | (1) |
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e Without Which the Result Would Not Have Occurred |
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224 | (1) |
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2 Restatement's Position on Defining Proximate Cause |
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224 | (1) |
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D Proximate Cause Requires a Close Connection Between the Defendant's Actions and the Plaintiff's Injuries |
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225 | (2) |
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1 Remote Causes Are Less Likely to Be Considered Proximate Cause |
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226 | (1) |
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2 Remote Causes Are Harder to Prove |
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226 | (1) |
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3 Proximate Cause Depends on the Facts in the Case |
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226 | (1) |
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4 Evaluating a Case for Proximate Cause |
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226 | (1) |
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E Proximate Cause Must Show That the Defendant Is Responsible |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (5) |
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229 | (3) |
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Palsgraf v. Long Island R.R. Co. |
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229 | (3) |
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2 An Analysis of Palsgraf: "Orbit of the Risk" Doctrine (Foreseeability) |
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232 | (1) |
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3 Defining Foreseeability After Palsgraf |
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233 | (1) |
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IV Court-Created Tests For Proximate Cause |
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233 | (10) |
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234 | (1) |
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B "Substantial Factor" Test |
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234 | (9) |
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235 | (8) |
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V Pleading Proximate Cause |
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243 | (2) |
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A Is Proximate Cause a Defense? |
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243 | (1) |
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B In the End, Proximate Cause Is a Jury Question |
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243 | (4) |
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1 How Much Evidence Does the Plaintiff Have to Produce to Make Proximate Cause a Jury Question? |
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244 | (1) |
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2 On Appeal, Courts Will Leave the Jury's Determination Intact, Unless Clearly Wrong |
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244 | (1) |
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VI Multiple Defendants And Proximate Cause |
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245 | (2) |
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247 | (2) |
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247 | (1) |
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B Acts of God or Acts of Nature |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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Skills You Need in the Real World |
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249 | (2) |
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251 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Attorney-Client Privilege |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (8) |
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260 | (1) |
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Forms and Court Documents |
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260 | (2) |
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262 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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Applying What You Have Learned |
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263 | (4) |
| Chapter 8 Damages |
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267 | (36) |
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I Damages In The Chumley Case |
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267 | (2) |
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II Introduction To Damages |
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269 | (16) |
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269 | (13) |
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270 | (2) |
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271 | (1) |
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b Presenting an Argument to the Jury for Pain and Suffering and Other General Damages |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (3) |
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a Why Is the Distinction Between General and Special Damages Important? |
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274 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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c Proving Property Losses |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (4) |
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278 | (4) |
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282 | (2) |
|
1 Tort Reform and Punitive Damages |
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|
282 | (2) |
|
2 Tobacco Companies and Punitive Damages |
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|
284 | (1) |
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|
284 | (1) |
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|
|
284 | (1) |
|
III Evaluating A Case For Potential Damages |
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285 | (3) |
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|
285 | (1) |
|
B Reviewing the Facts of a Case |
|
|
285 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
|
D Jury's Function Is Assessing Damages |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
|
Skills You Need in the Real World |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
|
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289 | (1) |
|
Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: National Paralegal Associations |
|
|
289 | (1) |
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290 | (7) |
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297 | (1) |
|
Forms and Court Documents |
|
|
298 | (2) |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
|
Applying What You Have Learned |
|
|
300 | (3) |
| Chapter 9 Defenses To Negligence |
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303 | (46) |
|
I The Railroad's Defense In The Chumley Case |
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|
303 | (1) |
|
II Introduction To Contributory Negligence |
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304 | (12) |
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A Historical Reasons for the Development of Contributory Negligence |
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|
304 | (3) |
|
B Defining Contributory Negligence |
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|
307 | (2) |
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1 Why Study Contributory Negligence? |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
2 Why Does the Doctrine Continue to Exist? |
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|
309 | (1) |
|
C The Doctrine of "Avoidable Consequences" |
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|
309 | (1) |
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D How Much at Fault Must Plaintiff Be? |
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
E Is There Such a Thing as "Contributory Negligence Per Se"? |
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
F The "All or Nothing" Element of Contributory Negligence |
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|
311 | (1) |
|
G Is Contributory Negligence Doomed? |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
H Exceptions to Contributory Negligence |
|
|
311 | (4) |
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|
|
311 | (1) |
|
a Proving Last Clear Chance |
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|
312 | (1) |
|
b Pleading Last Clear Chance |
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|
312 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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313 | (1) |
|
4 Other Exceptions to Contributory Negligence |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
a Plaintiff's Age and Physical Factors |
|
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314 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
|
I Situations in Which Contributory Negligence Does Not Apply |
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315 | (1) |
|
J Contributory Negligence Is a Jury Question |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
III Comparative Negligence |
|
|
316 | (15) |
|
A Historical Development of Comparative Negligence |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
B The Uniform Comparative Fault Act |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
C The Three Models of Comparative Negligence |
|
|
317 | (2) |
|
1 Pure Comparative Negligence |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
2 Modified Comparative Negligence |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
3 Slight-Gross Comparative Negligence |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
4 Combinations of Approaches |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
D Types of Cases in Which Comparative Negligence Applies |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
E Comparative Negligence and Punitive Damages |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
F How Comparative Negligence Affects Proximate Cause Analysis |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
G Defenses to Comparative Negligence |
|
|
320 | (1) |
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|
320 | (1) |
|
2 Mentally Incompetent Persons |
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
H Pleading Comparative Negligence |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
I Settlement Issues in Comparative Negligence Cases |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
J Multiple Defendants and Comparative Negligence |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
K Motions for Directed Verdict in Comparative Negligence Cases |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
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|
322 | (28) |
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|
322 | (5) |
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|
327 | (4) |
|
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|
331 | (1) |
|
Skills You Need in the Real World |
|
|
332 | (2) |
|
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Paralegals Who Can Appear in Court |
|
|
335 | (1) |
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|
335 | (8) |
|
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
Forms and Court Documents |
|
|
343 | (2) |
|
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Applying What You Have Learned |
|
|
346 | (3) |
| Chapter 10 Strict Liability And Products Liability |
|
349 | (42) |
|
|
|
349 | (1) |
|
II A Products Liability Case: Tire Blowout |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
|
|
350 | (4) |
|
A Ultra-hazardous Activity |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
B A Short History of Strict Liability |
|
|
351 | (2) |
|
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
2 Developing Strict Liability in the United States |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
C Strict Liability for Animal Behavior |
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
D Strict Liability Has Not Been Adopted in All Jurisdictions |
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
E Statute of Limitations Concerns in Strict Liability Lawsuits |
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
IV Introduction To Products Liability |
|
|
354 | (22) |
|
A Products Liability in the United States |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
1 Privity of Contract Requirement |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
2 The Theory Underlying the Privity Requirement |
|
|
355 | (1) |
|
B A New Judicial Approach |
|
|
355 | (4) |
|
1 The MacPherson Case and a Change in Judicial Attitudes |
|
|
356 | (2) |
|
MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co. |
|
|
356 | (2) |
|
2 The Significance of the MacPherson Case |
|
|
358 | (1) |
|
C The Basic Elements of a Products Liability Case |
|
|
359 | (1) |
|
D Products Liability Cases Do Not Involve Consumer Dissatisfaction |
|
|
359 | (1) |
|
|
|
360 | (2) |
|
1 Warranty of Merchantability |
|
|
360 | (1) |
|
2 Warranty of Fitness for Purpose |
|
|
360 | (2) |
|
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
F Liability Without Fault Under Products Liability |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
G The Standard of Care in Products Liability Cases |
|
|
363 | (1) |
|
1 Manufacturer's Duty to Test and Inspect Products |
|
|
363 | (2) |
|
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
b Compliance with Safety and/or Health Regulations |
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
H Products Liability Per Se? |
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
I Public Policy Arguments for Products Liability Cases |
|
|
365 | (1) |
|
J Proving a Products Liability Case |
|
|
365 | (3) |
|
|
|
366 | (1) |
|
|
|
366 | (1) |
|
|
|
366 | (1) |
|
4 Pleading Products Liability Cases |
|
|
366 | (2) |
|
K Model Uniform Products Liability Act |
|
|
368 | (1) |
|
L Discovery in Products Liability Cases |
|
|
368 | (6) |
|
Ontiveros v. 24 Hour Fitness Corp. |
|
|
369 | (5) |
|
M Retailers and "Mere Conduits" |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
N Inherently Dangerous Objects |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
O Defenses to Products Liability Actions |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
V The Tire Blowout Hypothetical |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
Skills You Need in the Real World |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Frivolous Lawsuits |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
|
|
378 | (8) |
|
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
Forms and Court Documents |
|
|
386 | (2) |
|
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
Applying What You Have Learned |
|
|
389 | (2) |
| Chapter 11 Defamation |
|
391 | (44) |
|
|
|
391 | (1) |
|
|
|
392 | (23) |
|
|
|
392 | (1) |
|
B Defamation Comes in Two Forms |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
|
393 | (3) |
|
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
3 The Statement Refers to the Plaintiff |
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
b Is It Possible to Defame a Group? |
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
5 Injury to the Plaintiffs Reputation |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
|
|
396 | (3) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
|
|
399 | (2) |
|
|
|
399 | (1) |
|
|
|
399 | (1) |
|
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
4 Is Libel More Serious than Slander? |
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
|
|
401 | (3) |
|
1 The Statement Is Not Defamatory |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
2 The Defamed Person Is Deceased |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
|
|
401 | (2) |
|
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
G Damages in Defamation Cases |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
H Constitutional Limits on Defamation Actions |
|
|
404 | (4) |
|
1 Analyzing a Defamation Case for Constitutional Implications |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
2 The New York Times Rule |
|
|
405 | (2) |
|
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
b Malice and Negligent Investigation |
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
3 The Shifting Standard Depending on the Plaintiff's Notoriety |
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
I Defamation in Cyberspace |
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
|
|
408 | (28) |
|
1 Intrude on a Person's Privacy |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
2 Make Public Disclosure of Private Facts |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
3 Use the Person's Name or Likeness without Permission |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
|
|
409 | (6) |
|
III Analyzing A Case Of Defamation |
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
Skills You Need in the Real World |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
|
|
417 | (1) |
|
Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Conflicts of Interest |
|
|
418 | (1) |
|
|
|
419 | (9) |
|
|
|
428 | (1) |
|
Forms and Court Documents |
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
Applying What You Have Learned |
|
|
431 | (4) |
| Chapter 12 Malpractice |
|
435 | (42) |
|
I Chumley And Malpractice |
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
II Introduction To Professional Malpractice |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
III What Is Medical Malpractice? |
|
|
436 | (4) |
|
A A Brief History of Medical Malpractice |
|
|
437 | (1) |
|
B Defining Medical Malpractice |
|
|
438 | (1) |
|
C What Is the Basis for a Medical Malpractice Case? |
|
|
438 | (2) |
|
|
|
438 | (1) |
|
|
|
439 | (1) |
|
|
|
439 | (1) |
|
IV The Basic Elements Of A Medical Malpractice Claim |
|
|
440 | (9) |
|
|
|
440 | (1) |
|
|
|
440 | (4) |
|
1 Defining the Standard of Care |
|
|
441 | (1) |
|
2 Modern Approaches to Standard of Care |
|
|
441 | (3) |
|
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
b National Versus Local Standards |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
c Establishing Standard of Care by Statute |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
d Elements to Consider in Establishing the Standard of Care |
|
|
443 | (1) |
|
3 Expert Testimony in Medical Malpractice Cases |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
C Proximate Cause in Medical Malpractice Cases |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
|
|
445 | (4) |
|
1 Specific Types of Injuries |
|
|
446 | (1) |
|
|
|
446 | (1) |
|
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
3 Punitive Damages and Tort Reform |
|
|
447 | (2) |
|
|
|
449 | (3) |
|
A Statutory Requirements in Informed Consent |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
|
|
451 | (1) |
|
C Scope of Informed Consent |
|
|
451 | (1) |
|
VI Pleadings In Medical Malpractice Cases |
|
|
452 | (1) |
|
VII Discovery Issues In Medical Malpractice Cases |
|
|
453 | (1) |
|
VIII Defenses To Medical Malpractice Claims |
|
|
454 | (3) |
|
|
|
454 | (1) |
|
B Contributory Negligence of the Patient |
|
|
454 | (3) |
|
|
|
455 | (2) |
|
IX The Chumley Case: Follow-Up On Medical Malpractice Issue |
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
|
|
457 | (3) |
|
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
1 Additional Proof of Breach Required |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
D Defenses in Legal Malpractice Cases |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
XI Other Types Of Professional Malpractice |
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
Skills You Need in the Real World |
|
|
461 | (1) |
|
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Fee Splitting or Sharing |
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
|
|
463 | (7) |
|
|
|
470 | (1) |
|
Forms and Court Documents |
|
|
471 | (2) |
|
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
Applying What You Have Learned |
|
|
474 | (3) |
| Chapter 13 Insurance |
|
477 | (40) |
|
I Mr. Chumley And The Insurance Company |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
III The Impact Of Insurance On Civil Suits |
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
|
|
479 | (1) |
|
|
|
480 | (1) |
|
VI The Insurance Contract |
|
|
480 | (3) |
|
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
B State Laws Regarding Insurance Policies |
|
|
481 | (2) |
|
|
|
483 | (7) |
|
A Statutory Minimum Liability Coverage |
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
F Uninsured Motorist Coverage |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
G Underinsured Motorist Coverage |
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
H Important Provisions in Typical Automobile Policies |
|
|
485 | (3) |
|
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
|
487 | (2) |
|
a Limit of Liability Provisions and Stacking |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
VIII How Insurance Coverage Affects Settlement |
|
|
490 | (5) |
|
A Discovery Issues with Insurance |
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
B Specialization Among Personal Injury Attorneys |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
2 Insurance Defense Firms |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
|
|
493 | (2) |
|
State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. Swartz |
|
|
495 | (3) |
|
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
Skills You Need in the Real World |
|
|
499 | (1) |
|
|
|
500 | (1) |
|
Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Insurance Fraud |
|
|
501 | (1) |
|
|
|
502 | (8) |
|
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
Forms and Court Documents |
|
|
511 | (2) |
|
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
Applying What You Have Learned |
|
|
514 | (3) |
| Chapter 14 Fraud, Misrepresentation, And Business Torts |
|
517 | (40) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
|
518 | (1) |
|
|
|
518 | (5) |
|
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
B Alleging Fraud in the Complaint |
|
|
520 | (1) |
|
C Limitations on Fraud Actions |
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
|
|
521 | (2) |
|
IV Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
523 | (7) |
|
A The Restatement Position on Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
523 | (1) |
|
B Elements of Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
523 | (1) |
|
C Traditional Tort Analysis for Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
524 | (2) |
|
1 Duty and Breach of Duty |
|
|
524 | (1) |
|
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
D Opinions and Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
E Negligent Misrepresentation Versus Mistake |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
F Pleading Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
G Defenses to Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
3 Statement That Did Not Concern a Material Fact |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
4 No Detrimental Reliance on the Statement |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
H Defenses That Are Unavailable in Negligent Misrepresentation |
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
V Interference With Contract |
|
|
530 | (2) |
|
A Elements of Interference with Contract |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
VI Deceptive Trade Practices |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
A Deceptive Trade Practices Act |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
B Public and Private Enforcement Under DTPA |
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
VII Consumer Protection Laws |
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
A Sexual Harassment in the Workplace |
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
B What Is Sexual Harassment? |
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
1 Quid Pro Quo Sexual Harassment |
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
2 Hostile Environment Sexual Harassment |
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
|
535 | (4) |
|
A The Basic Premise of Workers' Compensation |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
B Bringing a Claim Under Workers' Compensation |
|
|
536 | (1) |
|
C The Issues in Workers' Compensation |
|
|
536 | (1) |
|
D Assigning Monetary Values to Injuries |
|
|
537 | (2) |
|
|
|
537 | (2) |
|
XI Follow-Up On The Shareholder's Suit |
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
|
|
540 | (1) |
|
Skills You Need in the Real World |
|
|
541 | (2) |
|
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
Ethical Issues for the Paralegal: Coaching Witnesses |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
|
|
544 | (6) |
|
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
Forms and Court Documents |
|
|
550 | (3) |
|
|
|
553 | (1) |
|
|
|
553 | (1) |
|
Applying What You Have Learned |
|
|
554 | (3) |
| Appendix A: Client Material/documents |
|
557 | (4) |
| Appendix B: Correspondence |
|
561 | (2) |
| Appendix C: Pleadings |
|
563 | (8) |
| Appendix D: Discovery |
|
571 | (10) |
| Appendix E: Medical |
|
581 | (4) |
| Glossary |
|
585 | (4) |
| Index |
|
589 | |
