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Tourism and Recreation: Handbook of Planning and Design Revised edition [Minkštas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 304 pages, aukštis x plotis: 276x219 mm, weight: 1105 g, 180 plans & drawings, 80 halftones
  • Išleidimo metai: 15-Jun-1998
  • Leidėjas: Architectural Press
  • ISBN-10: 0750630868
  • ISBN-13: 9780750630863
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Tourism and Recreation: Handbook of Planning and Design Revised editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 304 pages, aukštis x plotis: 276x219 mm, weight: 1105 g, 180 plans & drawings, 80 halftones
  • Išleidimo metai: 15-Jun-1998
  • Leidėjas: Architectural Press
  • ISBN-10: 0750630868
  • ISBN-13: 9780750630863
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780750630863.html
Raktažodžiai:
It may surprise some to learn that tourism is the world's largest industry. First published in 1977 as Tourism and Recreation Development, this comprehensive planning reference by international consultants has evolved to keep pace with the trends of increased population, mobility, access, and demand for recreation facilities. Updated examples and environmental consciousness permeate this edition in addition to perennial concerns over availability of public funds. Coverage includes basic standards, support services and technical infrastructures, master plan formulation and implementation for diverse facility types (with blueprints), and useful data for development locally, regionally, and nationally. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.

This handbook, prepared by two leading specialists in the fields of tourism and recreation planning, provides comprehensive guidance on standards, requirements and procedures for a wide range of tourist and recreation facilities.

The approach is practical and covers, amongst other things, the interrelationships between physical planning and aspects such as marketing, financing and operation, current concerns about sustainability, and the need to monitor progress and correct adverse conditions.

Richly illustrated with examples and case studies from many countries this handbook is an essential source of reference for those involved in tourism, recreation and leisure administrations as well as architects, planners and developers working in these fields.






This handbook has been prepared by two leading specialists in the fields of tourism and recreation planning and draws on their wide international experience. It provides comprehensive guidance on a wide range of subjects including:

- standards (sizes, densities, thresholds) needed for programming tourism resorts and recreation complexes
- specific requirements for seaside, mountain and theme resorts, marinas, leisure parks and provisions for outdoor recreation, green spaces and pedestrian ways in towns and cities
- detailed procedures for planning and implementing tourism and recreation development - from national plans to individual projects

The approach is practical and includes: the inter/relationships between physical planning and other aspects such as marketing, financing and operation; new concepts and trends affecting tourism and recreation development; current concerns about sustainability and other environmental issues; the need to monitor progress and correct adverse conditions.

Both authors have undertaken consultancies for the World Tourism Organization, UNDP, World Bank and other international agencies.

*Highly illustrated reference source with examples and case studies
*Comprehensive guide for planning tourism facilities and resorts
*Covers design features and illustrations of new projects and trends

This handbook, prepared by two leading specialists in the fields of tourism and recreation planning, provides comprehensive guidance on standards, requirements and procedures for a wide range of tourist and recreation facilities.

The approach is practical and covers, amongst other things, the interrelationships between physical planning and aspects such as marketing, financing and operation, current concerns about sustainability, and the need to monitor progress and correct adverse conditions.

Richly illustrated with examples and case studies from many countries this handbook is an essential source of reference for those involved in tourism, recreation and leisure administrations as well as architects, planners and developers working in these fields.






This handbook has been prepared by two leading specialists in the fields of tourism and recreation planning and draws on their wide international experience. It provides comprehensive guidance on a wide range of subjects including:

- standards (sizes, densities, thresholds) needed for programming tourism resorts and recreation complexes
- specific requirements for seaside, mountain and theme resorts, marinas, leisure parks and provisions for outdoor recreation, green spaces and pedestrian ways in towns and cities
- detailed procedures for planning and implementing tourism and recreation development - from national plans to individual projects

The approach is practical and includes: the inter/relationships between physical planning and other aspects such as marketing, financing and operation; new concepts and trends affecting tourism and recreation development; current concerns about sustainability and other environmental issues; the need to monitor progress and correct adverse conditions.

Both authors have undertaken consultancies for the World Tourism Organization, UNDP, World Bank and other international agencies.

*Highly illustrated reference source with examples and case studies
*Comprehensive guide for planning tourism facilities and resorts
*Covers design features and illustrations of new projects and trends

Recenzijos

"This handbook is an essential source of reference for those involved in tourism, recreation and leisure administrations as well as architects, planners, and developers working in these fields." CAB ABSTRACTS 'The handbook is very comprehensive and is illustrated with a wealth of site plans, drawings and photographs of tourism/recreation development world-wide.' Urban Design Quarterly 'Richly illustrated with examples and case studies from many countries, this handbook is an essential source of reference for those involved in tourism, recreation and leisure administration as well as architects, planners and developers working in this field.' S&B 'This handbook is richly illustrated with examples and case studies from many countries and will provide a reference source for those involved in tourism, recreation and leisure as well as architects, planners and developers working in these fields.' Hospitality 'Excellent detailed coverage of planning and design cases and examples' H Horobin, Senior Lecturer, School of Tourism and Hospitality, Leeds

Daugiau informacijos

*Highly illustrated reference source with examples and case studies *Comprehensive guide for planning tourism facilities and resorts *Covers design features and illustrations of new projects and trends
Foreword ix(2)
Preface xi
1 Background to Planning
1(16)
1.1 Interface of recreation and tourism
1(2)
1.1.1 Leisure and recreation (definitions)
1(1)
1.1.2 Visitors and tourists (definitions)
1(1)
1.1.3 Uncertain boundaries
2(1)
1.1.4 Demand for tourism and recreation
2(1)
1.1.5 Tourism and recreation: similarities and differences
3(1)
1.2 Complexity of the tourism/recreation system
3(2)
1.2.1 Interface within the overall socio-economic policies
4(1)
1.2.2 Interface of international tourism, domestic tourism and recreation
4(1)
1.2.3 Interface with competing destinations
4(1)
1.2.4 Interface and roles within the tourism/recreation sector
4(1)
1.3 Planning with tourism products
5(2)
1.3.1 Tourism products
5(1)
1.3.2 Planning with products
6(1)
1.4 Development versus conservation
7(7)
1.4.1 Environmental impacts from tourism
7(2)
1.4.2 Environmental impacts from recreation
9(1)
1.4.3 Sustainable development
9(3)
1.4.4 Alternative forms of tourism
12(1)
1.4.5 Carrying capacities
12(1)
1.4.6 Limits of acceptable charges
13(1)
1.4.7 Environmental impact assessment
13(1)
1.4.8 Environmental auditing and quality control
14(1)
1.4.9 Pressures on resources: alternative policies
14(1)
1.5 Evaluation of development proposals
14(3)
1.5.1 Feasibility analysis
15(1)
1.5.2 Cost benefit analysis
15(1)
1.5.3 Planning balance sheet
16(1)
1.5.4 Goals achievement matrix
16(1)
2 Basic standards for accommodation, catering and shopping
17(20)
2.1 Influences on planning
17(6)
2.1.1 Types of facilities
17(1)
2.1.2 Main types of accommodation
18(1)
2.1.3 Feasibility of hotel accommodation
19(1)
2.1.4 Effects of investment on hotel planning
19(2)
2.1.5 Balance of hotel and private accommodation
21(1)
2.1.6 Impact of accommodation mix on resort development
21(1)
2.1.7 New objectives in planning
21(2)
2.2 Hotels
23(3)
2.2.1 Types of hotels
23(1)
2.2.2 Planning standards: built areas
23(2)
2.2.3 Variations in rooms sizes
25(1)
2.2.4 Circulation planning
25(1)
2.2.5 Planning of public areas
25(1)
2.2.6 Back-of-house areas
26(1)
2.3 Other forms of accommodation
26(5)
2.3.1 Apartments, bungalows, villas, condominiums
26(1)
2.3.2 Site planning
27(1)
2.3.3 Standards in winter resorts
28(1)
2.3.4 Standards in seaside and countryside resorts
28(1)
2.3.5 Standards for commercial holiday villages
28(1)
2.3.6 Standards for social tourism villages
28(3)
2.3.7 Youth hostels
31(1)
2.4 Camping and caravanning
31(3)
2.4.1 Camping sites, caravan sites
31(2)
2.4.2 Categories of camps
33(1)
2.4.3 Densities and sizes of camps
33(1)
2.4.4 Facilities: minimum standards for 100 persons (25 units)
34(1)
2.5 Food services and shopping
34(3)
2.5.1 Food service provisions
34(1)
2.5.2 Shops and related services
35(1)
2.5.3 Standards for shopping and related services
35(2)
3 Support services and technical infrastructures
37(9)
3.1 Administration, technical and support services
37(2)
3.1.1 Employees and resident non-tourist populations
37(1)
3.1.2 Direct employment
37(1)
3.1.3 Indirect and induced employment
37(1)
3.1.4 Size of non-tourist populations in resorts
38(1)
3.1.5 Housing of non-tourist population
38(1)
3.1.6 Administrative, technical and other ancillary services
38(1)
3.2 Infrastructure provision, roads and parking areas
39(2)
3.2.1 Access for traffic
39(1)
3.2.2 Planning data for roads
40(1)
3.2.3 Parking areas
40(1)
3.2.4 External lighting, street furniture and utilities
40(1)
3.3 Sanitation and engineering services
41(5)
3.3.1 Water supply
41(1)
3.3.2 Sewerage, sewage treatment and standards
41(2)
3.3.3 Outfall and irrigation systems: phased extension
43(1)
3.3.4 Refuse disposal
43(1)
3.3.5 Electricity supplies
43(1)
3.3.6 Communication systems
44(1)
3.3.7 Heating and air conditioning systems
44(1)
3.3.8 Coordination of underground utilities
44(2)
4 Basic standards for recreation, cultural and sport facilities
46(17)
4.1 Indoor social and cultural activities
46(2)
4.1.1 Facilities
46(1)
4.1.2 Standard facilities in integrated resorts
46(2)
4.2 Land-based sports facilities
48(5)
4.2.1 Important factors
48(1)
4.2.2 Sports grounds
48(1)
4.2.3 Built sports halls
48(3)
4.2.4 Horse riding
51(1)
4.2.5 Golf courses
51(2)
4.2.6 Standards for sports facilities in holiday resorts
53(1)
4.3 Land-based recreation facilities
53(4)
4.3.1 Picnicking
53(1)
4.3.2 Parks, rest and playing fields
54(1)
4.3.3 Walking and hiking trails
55(1)
4.3.4 Other types of trails
55(2)
4.3.5 Allotment gardens
57(1)
4.4 Water-based facilities
57(4)
4.4.1 Natural bathing places
57(1)
4.4.2 Swimming pools
58(1)
4.4.3 Sailing and boating
59(1)
4.4.4 Other water-based activities
60(1)
4.5 Densities, land requirements and costs
61(2)
4.5.1 Densities
61(1)
4.5.2 Land requirements
61(1)
4.5.3 Cost requirements
62(1)
5 Programmes for resorts and recreation complexes
63(66)
5.1 Main categories of tourist resorts and recreation complexes
64(2)
5.1.1 Main categories
64(1)
5.1.2 Average specific densities
64(2)
5.1.3 Average overall densities
66(1)
5.2 Beach resorts and marinas
66(11)
5.2.1 Beach development
71(1)
5.2.2 Public beach facilities
72(1)
5.2.3 Beach in an integrated resort
73(1)
5.2.4 Facilities for yachting: types of havens
73(1)
5.2.5 Basic facilities for harbours
74(1)
5.2.6 Planning standards for medium-sized pleasure harbours
74(1)
5.2.7 Yachting centres or 'dry harbours'
74(3)
5.3 Mountain resorts
77(8)
5.3.1 Categories of skiers
77(4)
5.3.2 Ski trails characteristics
81(2)
5.3.3 Cable transporters
83(1)
5.3.4 Other mountain resort facilities
84(1)
5.3.5 Principles in planning a ski resort
84(1)
5.4 Resorts in the countryside
85(10)
5.4.1 Second residences
85(3)
5.4.2 Social holiday villages
88(1)
5.4.3 Country resorts for rent
89(1)
5.4.4 Holiday parks
89(6)
5.5 Spas and health resorts
95(1)
5.5.1 Markets and resources
95(1)
5.5.2 Spas facilities
95(1)
5.5.3 Non-specific facilities
95(1)
5.5.4 Planning spa resorts
96(1)
5.5.5 Thalassotherapy and health centres
96(1)
5.6 Fun, safari and aquatic parks
96(8)
5.6.1 Categories
96(1)
5.6.2 Attraction and theme parks
96(2)
5.6.3 Safari parks
98(3)
5.6.4 Aquatic parks
101(3)
5.7 Suburban relaxation parks
104(13)
5.7.1 Favourable sites
104(3)
5.7.2 Specific facilities
107(1)
5.7.3 Average densities
107(1)
5.7.4 Suburban relaxation and leisure parks
108(1)
5.7.5 Suburban relaxation and sports parks
108(1)
5.7.6 Suburban relaxation and nature parks
109(8)
5.8 Nature parks
117(12)
5.8.1 National parks
117(6)
5.8.2 Regional parks
123(3)
5.8.3 Forests and recreation
126(1)
5.8.4 Protected natural areas
126(3)
6 Planning tourist resorts and recreation complexes
129(29)
6.1 Tourist resorts
129(3)
6.1.1 Tourist resorts and tourist towns
129(2)
6.1.2 Traditional resorts
131(1)
6.1.3 Post-war developments: uncontrolled urbanization
131(1)
6.2 New resort development
132(1)
6.2.1 Integrated resorts
132(1)
6.2.2 Developers
132(1)
6.2.3 Failures and criticisms
132(1)
6.2.4 Operation of resorts
133(1)
6.3 Recreation and leisure complexes
133(2)
6.3.1 Attraction, theme and aquatic parks
133(2)
6.3.2 Recreation and nature parks
135(1)
6.4 Principles of development (tourist resort or recreation complex)
135(11)
6.4.1 Objectives, ways and means
135(6)
6.4.2 Environmental integration
141(1)
6.4.3 Contact with nature
141(1)
6.4.4 Increasing value of the resources
141(1)
6.4.5 Grouping of activities
142(1)
6.4.6 Landscaping
143(1)
6.4.7 Distribution of buildings and focuses of interest
143(1)
6.4.8 Separation of traffic
143(1)
6.4.9 Quality of construction
143(3)
6.5 Phasing and extension
146(6)
6.5.1 Phasing development
146(1)
6.5.2 Phases of development
147(1)
6.5.3 Changes in requirements
147(1)
6.5.4 Rehabilitating existing resorts
148(4)
6.6 Planning procedures
152(6)
6.6.1 Framework
152(1)
6.6.2 Broad concept
152(2)
6.6.3 Draft project
154(2)
6.6.4 Final project
156(1)
6.6.5 Phase One and operational projects
157(1)
7 Framework for tourism/recreation master plans
158(19)
7.1 Interrelation of tourism and recreation
158(2)
7.1.1 Aims in planning tourism/recreation development
158(1)
7.1.2 Differences in planning for tourism and recreation
158(2)
7.2 Fundamental planning consideration
160(8)
7.2.1 Definitions
160(1)
7.2.2 Governmental structures and policies
160(1)
7.2.3 Processes
160(3)
7.2.4 Scales and levels of planning
163(1)
7.2.5 Environmental protection and tourism image
163(2)
7.2.6 Conflicts of interests
165(2)
7.2.7 Planning for tourism and recreation at local administration level
167(1)
7.3 Approaches to tourism/recreation planning
168(8)
7.3.1 Priorities
169(1)
7.3.2 Extent of studies
169(1)
7.3.3 Timescales for implementation
169(1)
7.3.4 Demand analyses
170(1)
7.3.5 Planning models and simulation techniques
170(3)
7.3.6 Comprehensive planning: approaches by alternative plans
173(1)
7.3.7 Comprehensive planning: the PASOLP approach
173(1)
7.3.8 Monitoring system
173(2)
7.3.9 Flexibility in planning
175(1)
7.4 Preliminaries for a master plan
176(1)
7.4.1 Terms of references
176(1)
7.4.2 Planning objectives
176(1)
7.4.3 Organizational framework
176(1)
8 Tourism/recreation master plans: surveys and formulation
177(42)
8.1 Resources surveys
177(11)
8.1.1 Principles in surveying resources
177(1)
8.1.2 Methodology and stages
177(1)
8.1.3 Existing features and activities of potential tourist interest
178(6)
8.1.4 Recreational attractions
184(3)
8.1.5 Facilities and infrastructures
187(1)
8.2 Market assessment
188(3)
8.2.1 Outdoor recreation activities
188(1)
8.2.2 Specific aspects of the outdoor recreation markets
189(1)
8.2.3 Specific aspects of the tourist markets
190(1)
8.3 Assessment of structures and policies
191(2)
8.3.1 Socio-economic surveys
192(1)
8.3.2 Survey of implementation framework
192(1)
8.3.3 Survey of existing development plans
192(1)
8.3.4 Development goals and policies
193(1)
8.3.5 Sources of data
193(1)
8.4 Formulation of tourism development plans
193(10)
8.4.1 Additional facilities needed
194(4)
8.4.2 Means of access
198(1)
8.4.3 Resources: hierarchy of development
199(1)
8.4.4 Priority areas for tourism and recreation development
199(1)
8.4.5 Main tourist resorts
199(1)
8.4.6 Towns and urban centres
200(2)
8.4.7 Road networks and circuits
202(1)
8.4.8 Isolated facilities
203(1)
8.5 Formulation of regional recreation plans
203(16)
8.5.1 The struggle for sites
203(4)
8.5.2 Extent, methodology and content of a master plan for recreation
207(1)
8.5.3 Outdoor recreation areas in the city
208(1)
8.5.4 The green belt
209(1)
8.5.5 The rural area
209(1)
8.5.6 The greenways
209(10)
9 Tourism/recreation master plans: implementation, protection of resources and outdoor recreation in the cities
219(45)
9.1 Strategy for implementation
219(7)
9.1.1 Involvement of other economic sectors
219(1)
9.1.2 The need for a coordinated strategy
220(1)
9.1.3 Adapting financing techniques
221(1)
9.1.4 Implementing and controlling facilities
222(1)
9.1.5 Training tourism manpower
222(1)
9.1.6 Transportation
223(1)
9.1.7 Organizing and promoting tourism and recreation products
224(1)
9.1.8 Land control for tourism and recreation development
225(1)
9.2 Protection of resources
226(6)
9.2.1 Nature parks
226(1)
9.2.2 'Sensitive areas' of environmental control
226(3)
9.2.3 Planning nature parks and sensitive areas
229(1)
9.2.4 Protection of roads
230(1)
9.2.5 Tourists and historic monuments
230(1)
9.2.6 Isolated monuments
231(1)
9.2.7 Monument ensembles
231(1)
9.2.8 Towns and centres of culture
232(1)
9.3 Planning outdoor recreation in the cities
232(32)
9.3.1 Principles
234(8)
9.3.2 Urban parks standards
242(2)
9.3.3 Park planning principles
244(1)
9.3.4 Creation of new urban parks
245(6)
9.3.5 'Eco parks'
251(1)
9.3.6 Lakesides or seasides and stream banks
251(1)
9.3.7 Pedestrian squares, areas and networks
251(6)
9.3.8 Neighbourhood recreation areas
257(1)
9.3.9 Planning outdoor recreation areas
257(7)
Appendices: Useful data for planning development
264(13)
Appendix A1: Markets for tourism and recreation-influences on demand and trends
264(4)
A1.1 Measurement of recreation demand
264(1)
A1.2 Market segmentation
264(1)
A1.3 Influences on demand for recreation and tourism
265(1)
A1.4 Tourism measurement
266(1)
A1.5 International tourism
266(1)
A1.6 Global projections to 2010
267(1)
A1.7 Domestic tourism
268(1)
Appendix A2: Investment in tourism and recreation-methods and sources
268(3)
A2.1 Characteristics of tourism investment
268(1)
A2.2 Revenue earning potential
268(1)
A2.3 Accommodation
268(1)
A2.4 Other facilities
269(1)
A2.5 Public sector participation
269(1)
A2.6 Forms of financial aid
269(1)
A2.7 Main sources of capital finance
270(1)
Appendix A3: Impacts from tourism and recreation-socio-economic data
271(2)
A3.1 Collection of economic data
271(1)
A3.2 Evaluation of costs
271(1)
A3.3 National or regional income and tourism
271(1)
A3.4 Employment
272(1)
A3.5 State revenues and regional benefits
272(1)
A3.6 Negative and unquantifiable impacts
272(1)
Appendix A4: Tourism transportation--recent developments and trends
273(4)
A4.1 Developments in transportation
273(1)
A4.2 Development in air transport
273(1)
A4.3 Aircraft developments
274(1)
A4.4 Airport development
274(1)
A4.5 Road transport
275(1)
A4.6 Rail transport
275(1)
A4.7 Sea transport
275(1)
A4.8 Cruising
275(2)
Select bibliography 277(4)
Index 281
Dr Fred Lawson has had successful careers in local government, universities, international consultancy and - since 1970 - as an author. His consultancy experience spans over thirty-five countries and ranges from national plans to important building projects including work for the World Bank, World Tourism Organization, UNDP and EU.