Transcultural Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Health and Social Care provides healthcare professionals with a deeper understanding of the incredible opportunities brought by the emerging field of AI robotics. In addition, it provides robotic researchers with the point-of-view of healthcare professionals to understand what the healthcare sector as well as the market really needs from robotics technology. By doing so, the book fills an important gap between both fields in order to leverage new developments and collaborative work in favor of global patients.
The book is aimed at the non-technical reader, especially health and social care professionals, and explains in a simple way the technological principles applied in the development of socially assistive humanoid AI robots (SAHR), the values which guide such developments, the ethics related to them, and research approaches in the field, with a focus on achieving a culturally competent SAHR.
- Presents user-friendly and stage-by-stage information to help readers appreciate how AI robots work and how they can be integrated in their work environments
- Explains why AI and socially assistive robotics need to be culturally competent
- Helps reduce readers fears and change negative prejudices they may have about robots as a relevant tool for healthcare
- Written by experts in AI robotics and the creators of transcultural health/social robotics
- Informed by the largest trial conducted with real patients
Recenzijos
"the book offers detailed knowledge on major issues to benefit both health and social care workers and those who are simply interested in the subject, and it does so in a clear and rational way. The message of Transcultural Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Health and Social Care is driven by hope and a resolve that AI and SARs in health and social care might make our lives better. As such, I have no hesitation in recommending this book, which is insightful, clear, and useful. Hence, I give potential readers a very high recommendation as the book is accessible and clarifying, and it will be useful to researchers and students alike, both in college and graduate classrooms. The books pragmatic approach makes a valuable contribution to several fieldsanthropology, sociology, nursing, and roboticsand also provides useful insights for policy makers working in health-related fields." --Anne Aronsson, Department of Anthropology, Yale, CT, USA
Contributors |
|
ix | |
Foreword |
|
xi | |
|
Foreword |
|
xiii | |
|
|
1 The fourth industrial revolution and the introduction of culturally competent concepts and values for AI technologies in health care |
|
|
|
|
|
1 | (2) |
|
1.2 The fourth industrial revolution |
|
|
3 | (3) |
|
1.3 The importance of cultural competence and the need for culturally competent socially assistive robots |
|
|
6 | (4) |
|
1.4 The underpinning values, transcultural ethics, and cultural dimensions for culturally competent robots |
|
|
10 | (3) |
|
1.5 Applying values, principles, definitions, components, and dimensions |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
1.6 Case study: Mrs. Christou story |
|
|
13 | (3) |
|
1.7 What you will find in this book |
|
|
16 | (3) |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
19 | (2) |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
2 A beginner's guide to how robots work |
|
|
|
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
2.2 Writing computer programs |
|
|
22 | (4) |
|
2.3 Dealing with the complexity of the real world |
|
|
26 | (5) |
|
2.4 Once again: "why can't the robot do that?" |
|
|
31 | (8) |
|
|
39 | (2) |
|
|
39 | (2) |
|
3 What the literature says about social robots and AI technologies in health and social care |
|
|
|
|
|
|
41 | (1) |
|
3.2 Humanoid and animal-like socially assistive robots |
|
|
42 | (2) |
|
3.3 Surgical robots and robots used in rehabilitation |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
3.4 Usefulness, appearance, and other cultural characteristics influencing acceptability |
|
|
45 | (3) |
|
3.5 Views of nurses and other health professionals on the use of SARs |
|
|
48 | (2) |
|
3.6 Enablers and barriers to the implementation of SARs |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
|
51 | (8) |
|
|
52 | (7) |
|
4 The ethics of socially assistive robots in health and social care |
|
|
|
|
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
4.2 Ethical frameworks for socially assistive robots in care |
|
|
60 | (2) |
|
4.3 Ethics in the CARESSES project |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
4.4 Robots, care recipients, and caregivers: ethical considerations |
|
|
63 | (9) |
|
4.5 Governance and legislation |
|
|
72 | (2) |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
|
75 | (8) |
|
|
78 | (5) |
|
5 A workplan to develop culturally competent robots: the CARESSES case study |
|
|
|
|
|
83 | (2) |
|
5.2 Building social robots for everybody and everywhere: a contemplation of what is missing |
|
|
85 | (4) |
|
5.3 The CARESSES case study told as a radio drama |
|
|
89 | (13) |
|
5.4 Preparing the work plan: the path from scenarios and guidelines to artificial intelligence, from technological development to end-user evaluation |
|
|
102 | (2) |
|
|
104 | (3) |
|
|
104 | (3) |
|
6 Stories and scenarios for the development of a culturally competent socially assistive robot for health and social care |
|
|
|
|
|
|
107 | (2) |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
6.3 Writing stories for cultural groups |
|
|
109 | (4) |
|
6.4 Explaining and discussing the construction of scenarios and their content |
|
|
113 | (16) |
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
|
130 | (3) |
|
|
130 | (3) |
|
7 From stories to scenarios and guidelines for the programming of culturally competent, socially assistive robots |
|
|
|
|
|
|
133 | (4) |
|
7.2 Theoretical underpinnings |
|
|
137 | (4) |
|
7.3 The observation study: the processes used for the development of observation tools |
|
|
141 | (2) |
|
7.4 Creation of the observation tools and how to use them |
|
|
143 | (4) |
|
|
147 | (5) |
|
7.6 Summary of selected example results |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
7.8 Examples of the final guidelines produced |
|
|
154 | (5) |
|
7.9 Evaluation of the videoed encounters of robot with actor-users |
|
|
159 | (2) |
|
|
161 | (2) |
|
7.11 Reflective questions |
|
|
163 | (2) |
|
|
163 | (2) |
|
8 From guidelines to culturally competent artificial intelligence |
|
|
|
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
8.2 Representing knowledge |
|
|
166 | (7) |
|
8.3 How to embed cultural competence into robots |
|
|
173 | (15) |
|
|
188 | (3) |
|
|
189 | (2) |
|
9 Development of a fully autonomous culturally competent robot companion |
|
|
|
Carmine Tommaso Recchiuto |
|
|
|
9.1 Introduction: autonomous robots revisited from Shakey to Boston dynamics legged robots |
|
|
191 | (3) |
|
9.2 Yet some more words about 24/7 autonomy and robustness |
|
|
194 | (9) |
|
9.3 A seemingly autonomous robot: the CARESSES case study |
|
|
203 | (6) |
|
9.4 Cultural competence everywhere and the cloud hypothesis |
|
|
209 | (5) |
|
|
214 | (3) |
|
|
214 | (3) |
|
10 The CARESSES trial and results |
|
|
|
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
|
218 | (7) |
|
|
225 | (5) |
|
10.4 Quantitative results and interpretations |
|
|
230 | (11) |
|
|
241 | (2) |
|
10.6 Reflective questions |
|
|
243 | (2) |
|
|
243 | (2) |
|
11 The role of culturally competent robots in major health disasters |
|
|
|
|
|
|
245 | (2) |
|
11.2 The need for transcultural AI robotics in major health disasters |
|
|
247 | (17) |
|
11.3 Developing a transcultural AI robotics strategy for major health disasters |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
11.4 Training and preparing for transcultural AI robotics in major health disasters |
|
|
265 | (3) |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
11.6 Reflective questions |
|
|
269 | (8) |
|
|
269 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
277 | (3) |
|
12.2 My time-machine is parked in 2025: how technology will develop in the near future |
|
|
280 | (5) |
|
12.3 Let us now gaze a little further into the future |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
12.4 The urgent need for training and engagement of health and social care staff |
|
|
286 | (2) |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
12.6 Reflective questions |
|
|
288 | (3) |
|
|
289 | (2) |
Index |
|
291 | |
Irena Papadopoulos, PhD, MA, BA, DipNEd, DipN, RN, RM, NDNCert, has been Professor for Transcultural Health and Nursing at Middlesex University for 18 years and Head of the Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, which she established, for nearly 25 years. She was the chair of her school's ethics committee, and the former chair of the research team for nursing, midwifery and allied health professions. She has been working within NHS and academic sector for over 40 years. Her main research interests are culture, compassion, diversity, health inequalities, migration and new technologies in health. She has authored/co-authored eight books, over 50 book chapters, over 100 articles, research reports and knowledge transfer tools, learning units and online modules. She was founding member of a European/Japanese universities consortium, funded by EU's HORIZON 2020 and the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs, for CARESSES (Culturally Aware Robots and Environmental Sensor Systems for Elderly Support) project, the first artificially intelligent autonomous robot sensitive to people cultures. Christina Koulouglioti, PhD, is senior research fellow in the Department Research and Innovation at the Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and a research fellow at the Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, Middlesex University. She worked with Prof I. Papadopoulos on the CARESSES research project which developed the first set of guidelines for culturally competent artificially intelligent social robots. During the project, along with Prof Papadopoulos and other partners, they authored and published many articles related to the use of social robots in health care and the importance of culture. Chris Papadopoulos, PhD, is principal lecturer in public health and director of health research at School of Healthcare Practice, University of Bedfordshire. He teaches on a range of health post-graduate health courses, is Chair of the School of Healthcare Practice's Ethics Committee, associate editor of the Journal of Pedagogic Development, Fellow of the Higher Education Academy, European Commission expert evaluator on Public Health Best Practices award scheme, Member of the Council of Deans of Health Research Leads Network and co-lead of the Institute for Health Research's Statistics and Epidemiology Group. He researches in health-related areas within the social sciences, particularly stigma, autism, mental health, informal carers/parents, older adults, culture, ethics, health technology and social robotics. He co-led the testing and evaluation phases of CARESSES project, including designing and implementing an ethically sensitive, complex and ground-breaking experimental trial of culturally competent autonomous social robots in social care settings across England. Antonio Sgorbissa, PhD, is Associate Professor at the Universitą degli Studi of Genova and teacher in EMARO+ and JEMARO+, the European and Japanese Masters' in Advanced Robotics. He has 20 years of experience teaching ICT-related topics to students of non-technical universities in a simple, accessible, and appealing way. He has been coordinator of H2020 CARESSES (Culturally Aware Robots and Environmental Sensor Systems for Elderly Support) and Principal Investigator in National and EU projects, including DIONISO (a multidisciplinary effort focusing on ICT for intervention in earthquakes) and WearAmI (focusing on assistive robotics in smart environments). He is Associate Editor of the International Journal of Social Robotics, Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, and Intelligent Service Robotics. He is executive vice president of I-RIM, Italian Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Director of the Social Robotics Lab at University of Genova and RASES, the inter-university center on Robotics and Autonomous Systems in Emergency Scenarios. He is the author of more than 150 scientific articles indexed in international databases and awarded five patents as an inventor. As coordinator of H2020 CARESSES, he has been a founding member of a European/Japanese universities consortium funded by the European Commission and the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.