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El. knyga: Tuberculosis in the Workplace

  • Formatas: 334 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 15-May-2001
  • Leidėjas: National Academies Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309502634
  • Formatas: 334 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 15-May-2001
  • Leidėjas: National Academies Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309502634

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Before effective treatments were introduced in the 1950s, tuberculosis was a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. Health care workers were at particular risk. Although the occupational risk of tuberculosis has been declining in recent years, this new book from the Institute of Medicine concludes that vigilance in tuberculosis control is still needed in workplaces and communities. Tuberculosis in the Workplace reviews evidence about the effectiveness of control measuresa "such as those recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Preventiona "intended to prevent transmission of tuberculosis in health care and other workplaces. It discusses whether proposed regulations from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration would likely increase or sustain compliance with effective control measures and would allow adequate flexibility to adapt measures to the degree of risk facing workers.
Summary 1(12)
Introduction
13(11)
Risks to Health Care and Other Workers
15(1)
Overview of Report
16(1)
Responses to Resurgent Tuberculosis
17(4)
The Broader Public Health Context: Eliminating Tuberculosis in the United States and Worldwide
21(2)
Conclusion
23(1)
Basics of Tuberculosis
24(19)
Transmission and Development of Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Active Tuberculosis
25(3)
Detection and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection
28(9)
Diagnosis and Treatment of Active Tuberculosis
37(4)
Conclusion
41(2)
Occupational Safety and Health Regulation in Context
43(13)
Strategies for Reducing Workplace Hazards
43(2)
The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and Its Administration
45(10)
Conclusion
55(1)
Comparison of CDC Guidelines and Proposed OSHA Rule
56(25)
CDC Guidelines on Preventing Transmission of Tuberculosis in Health Care Facilities
57(2)
Proposed OSHA Rule on Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis
59(4)
Comparison of Guidelines and Proposed Rule: Administrative Controls
63(11)
Comparison of Guidelines and Proposed Rule: Engineering Controls
74(2)
Comparison of Guidelines and Proposed Rule: Personal Respiratory Protections
76(4)
Conclusion
80(1)
Occupational Risk of Tuberculosis
81(27)
Concepts and Definitions
82(3)
Historical Perspectives on the Occupational Risk of Tuberculosis
85(1)
More Recent Information on the Community and Occupational Risk of Tuberculosis
86(18)
Committee Conclusions
104(3)
Summary
107(1)
Implementation and Effects of CDC Guidelines
108(29)
Implementation of Tuberculosis Control Guidelines
109(13)
Effects of Implementing Tuberculosis Control Measures
122(9)
Committee Conclusions
131(4)
Summary
135(2)
Regulation and the Future of Tuberculosis in the Workplace
137(20)
Potential Effects of an OSHA Standard on Occupational Tuberculosis
138(16)
The Workplace and the Community
154(3)
References 157(162)
Appendixes
A Study Origins and Activities
173(6)
B The Tuberculin Skin Test
179(10)
C The Occupational Tuberculosis Risk of Health Care Workers
189(41)
D Effects of CDC Guidelines on Tuberculosis Control in Health Care Facilities
230(41)
E OSHA in a Health Care Context
271(22)
F Respiratory Protection and Control of Tuberculosis in Health Care and Other Facilities
293(16)
G Recommendations of the Institute of Medicine Committee on Eliminating Tuberculosis in the United States
309(5)
H Committee Biographies
314(5)
Index 319


Marilyn J. Field, Editor, Committee on Regulating Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis, Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention